1 20 63 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/daf386a80e89753e1f12b612bbbc8cd4.pdf 7ec9a8d6e374ce7e18a23bca100ca2d8 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. W I ace Asserts He' lgnn,11A1rrl( ights Laws \b WASHINGTON, July 16 (AP lexchange with Hart. which even Gov. George C. Wallace of Ala- got into the question of wheU1er bama declared Tuesday he would Heaven wil l be segregated. make no effoti to help enforce a federal public accommodations la w nor would he encow·age compliance with it in his state. "I would just go ahead and he the governor of Alaba ma and let the federal folk s t1y to enforce it," Wallace told the Senate Commerce Committee. In that connection the governo, restated his view it would take an a rmy of federal agents or troops to enforce a Law opening restaurants, motels and theaters . and other places of bu mess to racial integr ation. · Wallace retw11ed to the committee to complete the fiery testimony against President Kennedy's bill which he began Mon. day. MEANWHILE, Atty. Gen. Robert F . Kennedy's appearance be- fore the Senate Judiciary Com- THE GOVERi OR had coneluded a lengthy friendl y questioning by Sen. Strom Thunnond. D-S.C., with the as ertion U1at he bore no hatred for 1eg:·oe or anyone. that he believed_ in Goel, and tried to fol1ow relig ious teachings. Har t, a member of both U,e Commerce a nd Judiciary committees, said th at since Wallace ha~ introduced this "solemn note" into the proceedings, he would like Lo ask, "W~at you _think Heaven t \dv~!, be Like, · will it be segrega e . . Wallace answered that " f don't think any of us knows what Heaven will be like. " He went on to say " God made us all, he made you and me white. and he rna,~e others black. He segregated us. Ha rt said he would nol pursue it furth er except to comment that he presumed "We would all be one family in heaven under one loving Father. " mittee on the President' overall c ivil rights program was deferred until Wec,mesday. That committee will be Robert Kennedy's third d each of round at the capitol in the civil rights fight-and undoubtedly the toughest in view f the weight of Southern mem ip on the committee. necessary. After a rri ving at the packed He called U1e legislation ··as hearing room. Ke nedy was told by Chairman Jam 0. Ea tland, D-Mis.. , that h n\· L as well return to his Departm€nl office s ince a f cornm;ttee members ing statements to make Eastland is on ol the trongest foes the whole administration ci, ii rights package bas on Capi- I to! Hill. Sen. Sam J . Ervin Jr., ·D- .C., said it would take him about an hour to read his statement even I if he hurried through il. Sen. Philip A. Hart. D-Mich., a sponsor of the administration program. said he would withdraw a statement he intended to make, in \'iew of ,, hat he called w·gency or aq.ing on the legi lation. HART SATD that in hi judgment the nation had come '"closer ' to dis,, ter in Birmingham than in Cuba. Another supporter of the bill, Sen Ed\\ard V. Long, D-Mo., said he ,,ould put his stutement in the record. hut hnth Sen·. E,·ereit 1\1. Oi1 k en .R-III .. and Kennet-h B. Kea.Ii . .. said they had bJie[ ts they wanted to ma Jt nedy would not ha, e a chance to testify before the Senate met at noon and unle ·. an c. C'Cij.lion lo tlw rule~ is grc1nl.ed, committees nH.t\' 11111 • it after tl1c1t \\ 1lla<'e s <il•elarntion he wo11ld 1101 he l t nfnrc:e ,, public· aceommod.it1 I <luring an drastic and indefensible a proposal as has ever been ubmitted to this Congre s." Much of Ervin· critici ·m was direot-ed al the public accommod lion prov.i).,ion, ·hich the Comrnerce'°'·t'~~fM!)i;, dealing as a separate ~ r e . Ervin said it is "condernnaf by its ma.nlfest unconstitutionality." Ervin a lso argued that liberty is being destroyed in a drive for equality and that " the rights of all are being sacrificed for the special rights of a few. " Long, iJ1 the tatement he put in the record, contended on U1e other hand that the propo. ed Legislation does not eek. to create a ny right that does not already exist. w~ practi danger f • ng said the civil rights bill "merely seeks way and mean to help make the guarantees of our onstitution, the law of the land, a reality for al\. AJnericans. " j.,_-~------------I � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document | WASHINGTON, July 16 (AP)— | Gov. George C. Wallace of Ala- | bama declared Tuesday he would make no effort to help enforce a federal public accommodations law nor would he encourage com- pliance with it in his state. “IT would just go ahead and he | the governor of Alabama and let the federal folks try to enforce it.” Wallace told the Senate Com- merece Committee. In that connection the governor restated his view it would take an army of federal agents or troops to enforce a law opening restaurants, motels and theaters and other places of business to racial integration. ' Wallace returned to the com- mittee to complete the fiery tes- timony against President Ken- i bill which he began Mon- “MEANWHILE, Atty. Gen. Rob- ert F. Kennedy's appearance he- fore the Senate Judiciary Com- mittee on the President's over- all civil rights program was de- ferred until Wednesday. That will be Robert Kennedy's third round at the capitol in the civil rights co eae undoubtedly the toughest in vie the weight of Southern me’ on the com- mittee, 7 After arriving” at the packed hearing room, Kennedy was told by Chairman O. Eastland, / as well re- Department sof commit- D-Miss., that turn to his Ji office since a ‘tea members Tad- ments to make: ~ foes the whole administration eivil rights package has on Capi- tol Hill. Sen. Sam J. Ervin Jr., D-N.C., said it would take him about an | hour to read his statement even if he hurried through it. ‘Sen. Philip A. Hart, D-Mich., a || Sponsor of the administration pro- ‘| gram, said he would withdraw a he intended to make, in 'l view of what he called urgency | of acting on the legislation. | HART SAID that in his judg- ment {he nation had come ‘closer fo disaster in Birmingham than Lin Cuba.” | Another supporter of the bill, Sen, Edward V. Long, D-Mo., said he Be ent his statement it ue i ae ave aa Ar cies pont to the jules is grant mg tees may divi sil after Wallace's declaration fe would }M0t hel enforce a public ‘accom- Jpmodditi Wastland is one 6 the strongest | Spattausarenn that Ken- i ul ote aga a ea | ! _ aw tame during an »Asserts He’ ishtS ‘Laws (\\¢ exchange with Hart, which even got into the question of whether Heaven will be segregated. THE GOVERNOR had _ con- cluded a lengthy friendly ques- tioning by Sen. Strom Thurmond, D-S.C., with the assertion that he bore no hatred for Negroes or anyone, that he believed in God, and tried to follow religious teachings. drastic and indefensible a pio | posal as has ever been submitted to this Congress.” i Much of Ervin'serificism was directed bis ‘hs pu lie” accommo- dations, pry ch the Comme Lg as a separate )mipanare. Ervin said it is ‘‘conderhné@ by its mani- | fest unconstitutionality.” Ervin also argued that liberty is being destroyed in a drive for equality and that “the rights of all are being sacrificed for the special rights of a few.” Long, in the statement he put in the record, contended on the other hand that the proposed leg- Hart, a member of both the | islation does not seek to create Commerce and Judiciary com- mittees, said that since Wallace had introduced this “solemn note’’ into the proceedings, he would p like to ask, “What you think Heaven will be like, will it be segregated?” Wallace answered that ‘I don't think any of us knows what Heaven will be like.” He went on to say “God made us all, he made you and me white, and he made others black. He segregated us." Hart said he would not pursue it further except to comment that he presumed “‘We would all be one family in heaven under one loving Father.” wiks shia ‘ AT THE‘ Jatiigiabe committee hearing, Ti MWed each of the sever fies adminis- tration’s- and de- nounced the Wren ekace as un- constitutional, undesirable and un- necessary. He called the legislation ‘‘as any right that does not already exist. , ‘Asserting that, discriminatory i a grave danger f said the civil rights bill “merely seeks ways and means t ans 1p, pelp make the guarantees of our Constitution, the law of the land, a reality for all Americans.” & pe! dealing ,  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 62 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/61522b32a439ae4f93d59327c5f84f36.pdf 129c73e55cd13cb07242fc2d07399360 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. ·wo1tieri:, ;~9,.:d,ets -~~e81iligaug, ' [~ft1=t.~ ~~ o:~,.·.e:~}f8t.R.ights:·- SijtJP.dtt~,1itb ttr143.215.248.55 16:32, 29 December 2017 (EST);5 •- - .. - _ -- - ~ - · -· _ , ,. 1 w ~ f3HIN0:f'ON, - .' (Ni.NP:&). ' -;-· le~dershlp trailiing courses fo1· W O~ . In _hls '.at~empL la'i!t..Tl!~ da y to en- men of ·air r aee/i. · ., . . list ,- . t.11e; 1.J.Ppor!i~ o1i ·" ti~ ..n aJtiilin 's · 3; Take an acti,ve .. p:rr 4 -in gettl.fag w.onien,.. i11 ; u1e_ cpxre1jt_ civil ' ri,~hts ' sc!1001 dl'6pouts 1?.a~k on tfie' dass~ , . • .- • !levels, Who h~~ . a. c11i! U,. born in -Ja tl; ·A fter-. tl!e.-¢qn fer.enc~ . wa,"? over, ·.an d th.e womf:)n ;brc;i~e J! V, urtd. small ·Among otner :women Who took 'pa.rt" lri ,'the 'white-House .confere~ce were: ·or-.· sarah -.Ba.t eman, Mental Hea!lth ;Sel'vice (tipa'fleston, w. va.; Mrs:· -bollle ,, Robli1son, former !lSsis'tant 'to ,Mrs .... Peterson - and now offieer .}n the ~Hp.tel Serv'ice· Union, New Yo'rk:; '-Mrs:. '.Harriet r: Pickens, -New YOr.k • cori:un,ission . on ·Human .Ri:ghts; ..· . . , Mrs. Patricia Hatris,:· assistant to Mrs. Peterson; Mrs. Maida · springer; ,.' AFL.JCIO,. · Washingto·n ; Dr . . Jean,-~ Noble, · , n'atiolla$ : ipresident, Delta , s,igma Theta : sorority, New York; ,M rs. · ,Chrlst'ine ,aa,y Davis, ·staff d rnector;. lfolise · committee on Oovernment · operations, washlngton; · Mts: ' Ethel l>aY,ne Women's' Division-; Democratic·National comm:ittee. ' ' . . . . . . . . . Mr:s. 'Julia ,Porter, Girls Friendly society; - . Mr~. , Mable Staupers, . wasllington, . D. ,P.; Mrs. Velma McEiven Strode, ,. Wasbington Ur. . bah . League; .Mrli 'V Welcome, , B~ltimore, Md.· e Whick·ham, . .pcesiden , l Beauty -Culturi:;ts .Le · Orle~ns. · ~ro~ps,_ ahe_ e:·.•? re.s:;ed' 'cri ~i(,ltl collt1gbt; ~res1dfnt K erm.ecty ·_ran , mto roon1 ' regJ{lter . .. , . .· . cc1:n. over . a nqntber -pf_ ~ [· Ken. 0 sgme• .fme. sil})PO'tl .a.n,d. .sbm~ unex: ·. 4: Take .ttie · lead in setting u p. 111::.~y;s pohcle;; ,and · ac tions:. pectea · opposition. ·· · , . . -bi:..r,ac1al .and hmnan relations proHer· vi~~v,s ~oitJcided witj1 _tlmse of T h -e • Ch!ef,. - Executive' invited . "'l'ams· t1iat !WOUid lea d to .' closer Mrs. 'G ;0ria Rich ardson . a leader in a.bout 300 ieaders . of a bout l oo· ~01iununlcaMon- between·· responsible . the _ rec~nt . . clen'lonstr;HiQlla at wom e'.n's organ iza;tlons to ·~ eet ·:wi~h · ·white and Negro .-m en~bers of the. ' c a.in)J~ido;;_e, ..Md . 13.J.tb ,__iwo1~e11 Joinhim in the Ea.st Room of -the White·, various cbmmtmi.tles'. . , , : · ed b.v .ot her . colored.. lqadets · 1 their Hoµ s~. . . . .. . _ .. 5. Drop the color bar: in all' -WO-. out~po~en a ppraisal o'f the ac~om, •Collectively, they held a' direct , men's· or,g an'!zations. . , , Pli?lui:ients pJ _p1¢. N_e~~ 'F copt1er. ·Jine to the ears' o.r a/bout 50 million. At one• point, .Mr. Kennedy asked Th e,y were . •espe_cial}y .c:rft,lcal of . woinen, {iinc~ : t ~e maffr.!ty 'l'epi:e- _the wc,;n ei:i, ':exp_:ress their fe eli ngs ! l'le. work ,of :some ?{ ~{.1 K~1:medy's sentEd orgamza.t1.9_n s' with, ,100,000 0r . fr axfkly ab.a 'freel y: .i;olore~; ,a dv ~e.rlj; s~rng, ~h._!l,_ t some more _J'1'embers. ' · _: : . . · , Mt;s. D1iu1e · ~ asl1 aevels. oJ At- : wer.e unre:adl~~bTe.,_ ,_whll~ . ?ther~ Th~ . m½anizations, · r a,i:!,ge.U.· ;frq1Ji° 13:pta;, Ga., who repi:e&.~ntl,'l d . t hel_ ·1 ;~J.'..O. no t--~'.i n , W-r:i~ _wltt-i,:~ ..times. the National · 'Associ~Uon ,~or;. tlie southern . Christian · Leader..sh ip · · ,:MJ's. · ~ibliardson .,.:t~·1ou,gl_rt the . Advauce*1$it . of Colore.ct ·e .c:o.ple' to corif'erence, told tq.e -P.re.si~ent: "It' .:r,nep.tin,i _it_S!;!lf, w~ . I~ ·nd~_·,,p~.r.tl!!~lar1y the Unit i;>aughters of t he · boq. . ls dlfficult to pli.rt'ic1pate ·0~1 bi •.~ .w~rLhwh1)e::, ~ -s, .co _r-lJ,ce: :iJa,imlton, federa~ ~ •; : ' r acial committees when·. ,Y.OU ~must ·of _A'tlant~·,, s~1ct · ~I)~ ·su1?Je!!t ·.~f the FIVE PROGRA ~ , .. , .,. · ·, demt>I}strate :and go tb 'j,;iil .. , t,' l ~ eet.11~g ;wa~ an lm-P~r ta? ~ one, but Mr. dy urged t))e. ,yom~n !,o . Ehe' asked ¥,r. Kemiedy Lf, , he · i\'l'l:Jett; ·a t1t tle; l~.te. . ; ;, ' , , adopt ~e - point, prggr-a.Di i n . h'aif i•any &Uggestions for us , ln: _t11e . ' ', DO. ltOSl\ J:i. G'Il.Aq.G , . which . would : ' ·t 1 -i deep, south? would , you come ~o , ' · DJ: .. Rosa L. Gragg, . of ;n>etr01t, 1. , S\lpPOrt the· Miministration's Miss~iRDl d t alk to· Negro lead- . presiden't· of · the _. ·IQO,OO0; m~mber civH r,igh ts program. -especially'. th at ers tqer@'t~ · · · Na tional Association of 'Colored , · · Wpmen's . Ch.rb,. stqod • .oti~.,almost ,p art of it .. that would open public' PROGIUiMJ "SHOT".i>0\'\1N" places st{cb , as hotel~. -theat~11s; · Tl'ie PtWident· ci.ict ·not answcr ' b er .aloqe _among ·Ne~r.o womi l,l }~1 ,her I rest!l,U~a.nts and stores ~o all '. citi: qtiesLidlii'!JbfW'·he ', dr ew ·smi'les . \vhcn -enthusiastic, eupport of ..}9-e conzens r ~gardless of ra ce; ,ci:eed qr,_. ..he- rep~ & his ,'prog·ra m . i:11't hc • :f-ere\~c~-: · : · ·., • 1 · • • ~ . • , color. . , . ·. ·· · · s outh . ~ ii .slfot down ", ;esa. ., Sq~ said . tJ1ce Pr e;;1de1~t Ita.d : give~ . 4 • · ', , • • • • • , • eciaJl :JSll'!lltflll!s'lsslppi • ,w here "we "th is country , 1.ea~r tp that h as · 2. ,$tippor-t the esta'bJ.:~hme ot or' Ph Y t _,0 •,, , · .. p aver ,been ,g· iven . r,;,·0 e e . days ave a 1o o ,, . . "tt;,1 ·. · ,· ·· , or' L incoln ?' , ' . .._.._ • - , : . ·. ;1It h'a n r,11{.o m v1sl6ns; or · •. • · '· ' · • """a •· . ha t i t troops 1 . two· cJ~ail?s, ~ ~ncr ,a'·. good · ,'Df. G ~~,gg ·told , _r - ~ maI~Y. wofind e(J to get ·one .student •was she , whp qrst u'll., .... Ken· mto .tlle :(jniv.i'!rs ity of Mississippi. : rt.e dy a tlrlng Ills June :22 conference There · a;e still 400 .. troops there." wi-th a group of 'Negro : leaders This an£wer did not satisfy MFs~ '.Brief rema.rks ,were imadc~. to the to ·1· 1 1 v_ l4gai Sanders will accept an invitation from Sen. Strom Thurmond o give his testimony before thf: Senate committee now considerIng the bills. Capitol observers said his decision to testify reflects strong sentiment in the state aga inst the rights bills which have stirred a storm in Washington and dead- ) A source close to the governor deadlocked many other pieces of aid the testimony will be firmly legislation. . ~ainst the proposals "but won't His appearaat:e be delayed o into all the Communist, social- until late July by attendance It talk that other witnesses have at the Natioaat ors Consec!. " ference eek and the Nat of County Instead, Sanders plans to argue Officers the following gain.st the proposal on l egal week. , recedents, the aide said . Se e,al other Southern goverors pave te-.if'ied, including ' vs. Bar of Mis issippi ifte of Alabama. d likely will or 29. He had week .. . . ... , . . ' . Dr. _Heh~? ~~oi'l~s •..~orth 9a~o111_13:. '9~1.le_g_e,_-~ urha-tn ,_ Mrs_. C143.215.248.55o,r1~ ,Joli_n~on, -~asn~ngt_o n _burl\&U, N:attdol}al . Uroan I.oa~\le 1 .. Mr~. 'li!rma ,Dlxbn, Maryland . Ho'\lse of !1.. •1""' .1 , .,, , • .. j 1 tle1egates Ba1~imore ; Mrs. Mar ore Ml!Ke'.nzle. r.;a.w;ion, municipal judge, Washb1g tcin ; ~rs. Juanita Mltcl)ell, attomey B a,ltlmore: ., ' , · ,Mrs:· ;Esblier... LaMar'r, _Detroit ; Mrs.' Theresa Lindsay, Las Angeles; Mil ..Lpuls · Mar\ in,t ·w ashi~ tori : Mr,s> Bjll1am' :McDaniel, Natlonil.1 ~s.sociatlon !)t' . : <;JoUege Women, Richriiorid, Vai.; Mrs: ;Fannie Am m. AF.1/-010, r•Meritgemery, Ala: ,. • M .' . • 'I" ~ .  :Tht>ttia'sli:ia •· -Jo~on Nor forp, •· ~ ev/ vor~ City; -Mrs. Vel PnUlips.: '.Will\'~; · Wis.; Mrs. m .ith:· . J ~ So er Beauty .:()1!18\le. .. ~ . .: Mrs. i{-elsey 'Beabears, st. Joseph, Mo.; m s; . 'Edlth _ Sampson; municipal jurl,.!fe, ·Qm cago; -M • ·Jeanne Dol- a:i;;.,'Qn ~agQ1 Chica-go,. · � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document “WASHINGTON —. (NNPA). In_his attempt last Tuesday. to en- list the, support. of - the: nation’s tight, President Kennedy ran into pected opposition. . The — Chief - fxecutive invited about 300 leaders of about 100 women’s organizations to meet with House, i 16 ears of about. 50 ‘million “the majority vepre- Association for the urged the women to - pant Caer in ould: dil oe S program, epoviduy that | part of it that would open public places such as hotels, theaters, restaur: is ‘and stores to all citi- zens regardless of PACE. ereed: OF color. =, -2. Support the establi ishmhent of QI, Gov. Carl Sanders will testify in ei, again st President John F. Kennedy’s civil rights pr 0 asin The Constitution learned Tuesday. Sanders will accept an invita- tion from Sen. Strom Thurmond to give his testimony before the Senate committee now consider- ing the bills, A source close to the governor aid the testimony will be firmly gainst the proposals “but won't 0 into all the Communist, social- ‘os that other witnesses have | a le him in oa Room of the White: wemen in ‘the eurrerit. civil rights some fine. support and some / unex: n izations with 109 000: or. 4 lanta, Ga. f Colored*People to 7 Capitol observers said his de- cision to testify reflects strong sentiment in the state against the rights bills which have stirred a stormin Washington and dead- deadlocked many other pieces of —) leadership travaing courses for wo- men Of -all races.’ 3, Take an active part in getting school dropouts back on the class. room register, . © 4. Take the lead in setting up. bi-racial and human relations -pro- grams that would leat to’ closer communication bétween: responsible white and Negro members of ae various communities. ' §. Drop the color bar in all wo- | men's organizations. At one point, Mr. Kennedy asked the wemen to: xpress their feelings frankly aid freely! Mrs. Diane ‘Nash’ Bevels, of At- who. Tepresentod the: Southern. Conference, told the ‘President: TG: is difficult to participate on bi- | Bo . , | Facial ccmmittees when you must ‘PROGRAM demonstrate ‘and go tojail™. hy | She asked Mr. Kennedy ‘if ‘he had “any suggestions for usin the “deep. south h? Would you come to. Missi aad talk to Negro, leads, ers tl is PRO “SHOT DOWN”. Thi ; did not/answer’ her ‘drew smiles when’ he 1 his program inthe: South» n shot down”, es= pecially ssippi, where “we have a ptorzo.” It Aa en UwWo. iediing: of Y troops, rdcaths, “and. a good - many wounded to get one student into the, University Of Mississippi. . There are still 400° troops there.” _ This answer did not satisfy Mrs. Christian ‘Leadership | never. been sive -was she. who t Beyels, who had a. child ‘bern in groups, she e- Sresstd ‘critical con- {cern over a nuniber: -of Mr. Ken- nedy'’s policies and actions. Her views vointided with those of Mrs. Gloria Richardson, a leader in the. recent. demonstrations ed fy other colored leaders in their outspoken appraisal of the accom- plishments of the New Frontier. They were especially critical of the work of some of Mr, Kennedy's colored advisers, saying that some were “unreachable’” while * others wore. nof.“in tune with thetimes.” °MIs. ‘Richardson .thowght the “meeting itself “was not particularly worthwhile,”. Mrs, Grace Hamilton, ‘of Atlanta, said fhe ‘subject of the -meeti was an’ important: one, but )“Albe Sa little later’ wep: !, , DR. ROSA! Tho GRAGG, ‘Dh. ‘Rosa L. Gragg, of Detroit, intestine of » the — 100; 000-member National Association of Colored ‘Women’s, Club, stood. out ..almost alone among Negro. ‘women. in her enthusiastic support of. the con- ference. . She ‘said thn? Pre “this. country . Jead of Lincoln. ite ‘Dr. 'Grazg, sole ‘nedy diring his Ju eofforente with’ a group. “of” INegro’ leaders Brief remarks were. made) to the : Health Serre at ‘Cambridze, Md, Both women join- Pp, : | etaryy of i Among Oot er “women who took jail,-After. the conference was over, | Bastin! the White: Housé conference ‘and the worien broke Up, ilitd small | were: Dr.’ Sarah: “Bateman, Mental | iaYleston, W. Va.; Mrs, Dollie. Rol , former aS- sistant to Mrs.” P etereatte and now. officer in the-Hotel Service Union, New York; ‘Mrs. Harriet I: Pickens, New. York Commission . on SSID, Rights. . Mrs, Patricia Hatris,” assistant to Mrs. ‘Peterson; Mrs, Maida Bornes er; AFL-CIO,” “Washington; — Jean © Noble, national = a eresldent Delta Sigma Theta, Sorority, ‘New York; Mrs. -Christine Ray Davis, staff ‘director, House Committee on Government Opérations, Washin ton; Mts. Ethel. Payne Women’s Division; Denipctaee National con / mittee. , : ‘Mrs. Julia Porter, Girls ‘ne Society; -. Mrs. Mable Staup Washington,. D. ©.; MOS Vv trode. 2 Nathional - Urban © Erma : ‘Dixon, Mary. HO Delegates Baltimore; ‘Mrs, Mar. Washington: Mrs. Ju: Tak sy Sates  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 61 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/283035a36eedc396de1268993854082e.pdf 650e411638ddcbdae020b93c737183fb Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. NEGRORALLY SEEN Civil Rights i n AS TH_ W~T TO BILL Despite Its Efforts to Help Mi Celler s ~ rtbapital March Coul~ c , <>J1 ,• Rights Votes s, New/ York Is Uncle~ Gr.o;fug f?ressure tf\ \ \"- By CLAYTON KNOWLES -11 i~ No city government In t he !em Hospital annex ; construeThe posed march on Wash- country has exceeded New tion has been halted for weeks ington by Negro. demonst rators York's In efforts to be sympa- on just this issue. slated for Aug. 28 might cause thetic a nd helpful on the !?rob- The application . of a Negro . . . !ems of Negroes, Puerto Ricans couple to have their son trans ferred to a hjgh school out of uncommitted legisl~tors , to. t~r~ and other minorities. against the President s civil In spite of this record, the his neighb.Prhood was denied by bill, Representative Emanuel Wagner administration is beset school authorities, who later L. Celler, chairman of the on all sides with r ising demands reversed themselves on the House Judiciary committee de- to do even more to assure basis of a medical report show' e qua Ii t y. These ing the boy had bronchial asthpressures, capped ma. It was said the boy._ would clared yesterd ay. News by many demon- be Jess subject to emotional The Brooklyn Democrat appeared on "Direc Line," an Analysis strations, fo cus on stress in a school with fewer furthering integra- Negroes. NBC television program. Mr Celler said the demontion in the schools, With t he Mayor away, charges t tlo would not affect his opening jobs-;-part_icularly in of disc~imination made a_gainst 8 ra n the construction field-sharp- Deputy Commerce Commissionown vote fo_r the measur_e. How- ening civil rights m achin_ery er Anne M. Kelly were ordered ever, he said he hoped mtegra- and winning more policy-mak- heard by a retlr~d Federal tion leaders would recognize Ing posts in government. judge. When the Mayor rethat there were neutrals in Demonstrations have .been turned, the order was counterCongress who resented what sponsored . by organizations manded and the case was _tu:n· they consider "pressure, bludg- ranging from long-established ed over to the City Commission eoning and coercion." , groups such as the Na tional on Human Rights. In effect, he continued, the Associa tion for the Advance- A call for an overhaul and demonstration might actually ment of Colored People and the strengtheni!).g _of the City cause the loss of favora,ble Urban League, which had be- Commission on Human Rights votes. come almost sedate in their came shortly a fter its staff was For example, he said, one march forward, to newer, cut and the remaining employes Western Sena tor has told him, brasher groups like . the Con- were given raises. "I'm for civil rights - but if gress of Racial Equality. Council President P aul R. t hey stage it [the march] I'm The emergence of CORE, Screvane has proposed barring going to vote a gainst it ]the with its aggressive leadership, the investment of city pension bill]. meant from the outset to the in- funds, totaling more than Mr. Celler said . he hoped fo rmed t ha t the N.A.A.C.P. a nd $3,400,000,000 in securities of "better counsel w ill prevail" to the Urban League would companies that practice discause t he leaders to reconsider "either be pushed into the back- crimination. Both the Mayor holding the march. ground or be pushed to t he and Controller Abraham D. forefront ." Developments took Beame, concede the goal is Riot Is Feared the second course. Jaudables but they question WASHINGTO~ July 14 (AP) Caught by Sur prise whether t he PI"?posal ls admin. istratively feasible. Representative J ames A. The Wagner administ ration The one steady hand at the H aley expressed concern today was caught by sur prise. It had tiller amid this uncertainty and t hat the march on Washington felt secure because its recor(\ confusion seems t o be t ha t of "could be the spark whic was goo~ and because year aft- the Mayor. A first-generation could touch off an ugly, blood- ~r year it had the overwhelm- American, M r. Wagner identilet ting riot accompanied per- mg support of Negroes and fies with minorities both in haps by klllblgs " Puerto Ricans at t he polls. their problems and in their · The fee ling was t hat_ it aspirations. couldn't happen here. I n Birmingham, yes, 'but not here. Mayor Has Guided City But it did happen here, and More than any Individual, he the administration, st unned at has sha ped the city's approach 1 first, is still floundering. to civil rights Issues whether it P icketing used to be sharply was striking at discrimination restricted at City Hall and else- in housing through the pioneerwhere_wh~ther unions, taxpa)'. er Ing Sharkey-Brown-Isaacs Act or mmor1ty groups were m- or seeking to open job opporvolved. Many had to be content tunities in city government for with marching within barri- Negroes and Puerto Ricans. cades around the park outside The excesses ot some of City Hall Plaza. the demonstrations may have Yet for nearly a . w~ek_ n~w aliena ted support for the minorthere has been a sit-m mside ity cause W1110ng both whites City Hall, at the very ga t~ to and Negroes. Yet the Mayor's the Mayor's executive off1c~s. calm, deliberate app roach, while The demonstratQUS brought p1l- suggestive to some of coddling, lows, blankets, r'l"IU!los-even a has averted tragic Incidents and guitar-and th : sit-in has gone clashes that often a ttend racial unrest . on around the lock. When it , n, even the Administratively, it ls a Mayor was en; he entered headache for Mr. Wagner. City Hall Ide door. P olitically 1 could be an An a cti el set up by the asset when P ent Kennedy, ll steps to get viewed by Ne as "sta.ndln Mayor pr more job t construction 10 feet high oa n rights " field fo r q Neg11oes and looks for a New Y runni~g P uerto Ri • But work has mate for the Senate th a re yet to be re urned on toe Har- cord that backs ms views. � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document going to vote against it ]thejwith its aggressive veeeone the investment of city pension} bill).” meant from the outset to ein-|funds, totaling more than) Mr. Celler said. he hoped|formed that | ROP. aa $3,400,000,000 in securities of] “better counsel will prevail” tolthe Urban League would|companies that practice dis-| _cause the leaders to reconsider|"either be pushed into the back-|crimination. Both the Mayor] holding the march. ound or be pushed to theland Controller Abraham D.| orefront.” Developments took|Beame, concede the goal is} Riot Is Feared the second course, laudables but they question Wa aa July 14 (AP) Caught by Surprise uumavay fonane Sy — Re ve James A.) The Wagner administration| The one steady hand at ee) Hale ed concern today|was caught by surprise. It had| tiller amid this uncertainty and brah Capital March Could Rights Votes ington by Negro, demonstrators slated for Aug. 28 might cause ‘uncommitted legislators to turn against the President's civil bill, Representative Emanuel Celler, chairman of the House Judiciary Committee, de- clared yesterday. The Brooklyn Democrat ap- peared on “Direct, Line,” an NBC television program. Mr. Celler said the demon- stration would not affect his own vote for the measure. How- ever, he said he hoped integra- tion leaders would recognize that there were neutrals in ‘Congress who resented what) they consider “pressure, bludg- eoning and coercion.” , In effect, he continued, the ‘demonstration might actually ‘cause the loss of favorable ‘votes. For example, he said, one Western Senator has told him, ‘“I'm for civil rights — but if ‘they stage it [the march] I’m on Washington d touch off an ugly, blood- letting riot, accompanied per- haps by killings.” the spark which! Despite Its Etforts New York I Is Un A\ = By CLAYTO No city government in the country has ‘exceeded New York's in efforts to be sympa- thetic and helpful on the prob- lems of Negroes, Puerto Ricans and other minorities. In spite of this record, the Wagner administration is beset on all sides with rising demands to do even more to assure equality. These pressures, capped News by many demon- Analysis strations, focus on F furthering integra- tion in the schools, opening jobs—particularly in the construction field—sharp- ening civil rights machinery and winning more policy-mak- ing posts in government. Demonstrations have been sponsored by organizations} ranging from long-established groups suchas the National Association for the Advance- ment of Colored People and the Urban League, which had be- come almost sedate in their march forward, to newer, brasher groups. ‘like the Con- gress of Racial Equality, The emergence of CORE, was good and because year aft- er year it had the overwhelm- ing su ort of Negroes and ¢ ‘icans at the polls, feeling was that it appen here, In Birm- ingham eS, Pout not here. — ut it aid happen here, and the administration, stunned at first, is still floundering. Picketing used to be sharply restricted at City Hall and else- or minority groups were in- with marching within barri- eades around the pa’ ony Hall Plaza, — for nearly a week now), der. ¢ felt secure because its record) here whether unions, taxpayer |j; shi volved. Many had to be content| t, ni . outside! N ae lem Hospital annex; construc- tion has been halted for weeks on just this issue. The application of a Negro couple to have their son trans- ferred to a high school out of his neighborhood was denied by schoo] authorities, who later reversed themselves on_ the basis of a medical report show- ing the boy had bronchial asth- ma. It was said the boy would be less subject to emotional stress in a school with fewer Negroes. With the Mayor away, charges of discrimination made against er Anne M. Kelly were ordered heard by a retired Federal judge. When the Mayor re- turned, the order was counter- manded and the case was turn- ed over to the City Commission on Human Rights. A call for ue overhaul sha strengthening the City Commission on ‘Pine Rights came shortly after its staff was cut and the remaining employes were given raises. y y Council President Paul R. confusion seems to be that of the Mayor. . ee tava Ameri er identi- fies tate minorities both in their problems and in their aspirations, 3 Mayor Has Guided City More than any individual, he has shaped the city’s approach was. strikin ination : onstrations may upport es Deputy Commerce Commission-) Screvane has proposed barring}, Se a ee ae ae a= to civil rights gees whether it}.  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 60 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/4ec524a057d0843e561fbd85827d08fd.pdf df1edad7a707d9a04e4d8b1384372229 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Clo (! 7/r2J About Mrs. Murphy's Boar<ling House Atty. Gen. Robert Kennedy fa ces two prob· ]ems in promoting a Jaw against racial discrimination in public accommodations. One is to define the businesess ter which the Jaw would apply. The other is to get the bill passed in any form. The attorney general has made it clear that he does not want the law to apply to small places such as "Mrs. Mur phy's boarding house." Yet he objects to a dollar cut-off for affected businesses because it would not be right, and m ight not be constitutional, to tell large businesses they could not discriminate while small businesses could. Per haps he best solution is to leave Mrs. Murphy and the small business distinction out of it, and hinge- the application of the law on businesses "substantially" engaged in interstate commerce. That is what the administration originally proposed, and if the formula seems vague, at least it is one with which the courts have been able to deal in federa l regulations applying f, om everything from labor c ses to oleomargarine. In view of some of the Republican as well as Southern criticism of the proposal , this is the most controversial part of the admin istralion program. To Negroes it is one of the most important ; Roy Wilkins, executive secretary of the National Association for the Adva ncement of Colored P eople, says, " The public accommodations problem is the one that irritates Negroes from morning to night." Yet the Chicago convention of the NAACP , though commending tJhe Kennedy program , calls it " inadequate" and seeks, in addition, a national fair employment law and power for the attorney general to sue in behalf of all ci vil ·eQtQ ~I ·the rights. Desirable as these NAACP might be better adv-is 110~ to ntentrate its efforts on saving the public acco odations plan. To seek , Ijlfr 1,11ore 1fP.P.lnYii¥1,Congress could result in dumpingn ~ h!ll63•1!;1ghts program into Mrs. Murphy's cltcJwtl~:._sT. LOUIS P OST-DISP ATCH. SENATORS STUD NEW RIGHTS MOYE gists and other small merchants. "That's at least as much interf:rence with 'private property as restriction against ' racial discrimina tion," this Democrat said. " A retailer buys the product and then is told Continued From Page 1, Col. 2 how much he must sell it for." the floor bl mid-summer have been abandoned. co~iti :~ ~ : ~~fd t~: fort to repeal the 4, per cent credit on taxes that corporation stockholders pay on dividend income. A compromise version may P'.15S, although committee Republicans are unanimous!~ proposal Is a novel or ta~-re!l-c~Druggists But No Negroes and strongly -in fayor of ret aining use of the Constitution s "The difference is politics," Ing the e xistlng credit . commerce clause. he said. "These Senators have Find No Legal Novelty drn"ggists in their states but no This _ fee ling has been ex- Negroes." pressed particularly by Republl- The Commerce Committee wil cans. Legal experts say t here ls go Into Its third week of hearnothing to it as a mat ter of ings t his week on t he public constitutional law - Congress, accommodations section of the in its exercise of t he commerce Administration's omnibus civil power, has often gone as far as rights bill. Among the witnesses the Kennedy bill goes. Neverthe- wilt be more Southern Goverless, the feeling remains. nors. Those thinking about the The House Judiciary CommitTrade Commission Act as a tee will continue Its par'AUel basis for the new leglslat,lon hearings on all sections of the say that it would be difficult to legislation. A third set of heardenounce as a legal novelty a n ings will begin before the Sen' approach first used by Congress a te Judiciary Committee, on a ll I in 1914. but the public accommodations Of course, underlying policy section of the bill. objection, on the part of some The Senate Judiciary proceedWAk INGTON, J uly 14 - commerce, are hereby declared non-Southern Sena tors would ings should be Interesting be• doubtles1 remain, But at least cause of Southern dominance on Members of the Senate Com- unlawful." they would not be confused by that committee. The chairman ts merce Committee are consider- The approach being discussed legalistic arguments that the Senator James 0 , Eastland, ing a new approa ch to meet would start with tha t la nguage. Southern opponents of the bill Democrat of Mississippi. He has legal and political objections to Then Cong ress would specificalwould exploit, proponents of t)tls never let a civil rights bill out the Administration's civil rights ly define as one "unfa ir pracapproach say. of his committee, and no one It will be difficult to get sup- expects him to start now. bill. tice" the refusa l of any enterpor t to~ the ban on se_g rega tion Tax Talk wm Reswne The idea is to tie the measure prise in interstate commerce to in pubhc accommodations from s . . . to the language of long-existing sell its products or deal with a number of oon,1ervative North- Nevertheless, Adrmmstration statutes regulating business customers on account of race. erners, especially Middle West- wit nesses will have t_o go em Republicans. Their position through their paces agam . bepractices. This would indica te This would be an approach enis based on political and philo- fore t he full Senate Judiciary tha t Cong ress was fo llowing a tirely fam iliar to lawyers. The sophical views, no t legal a.rgu- membership. The fi rst witwell-established pa th in using courts have long since estabments. ness will be Attorney Gen~ral its power over commerce to end lished that a concerted refusal One Democratic supporter of Robert F. Kennedy. racial discrimina tion in commer- to deal is one of the "unfair the bill obae"ed today that some The other major Congressioncial establishments. pra tices" condemned by the Mlddle Western Republicans al activity of the week will ·b e who WOUid probably oppose it a resumption of tax delibera, One statute that committee Trade Commission Act and 0thof the so•called tions by the se Ways and staff members and Senators er antitrus t laws. lzation Bill. This the floor by ummer hav have in m ;,nd is the Federal The reason for tying the pub d allow naUonal Means Commttt Tra de Commission Act of 1914. lie accoanm ill to existg by manutac- There has b a recess o~ 1ld be Section 5 of t he act begins as ing statu ed goods. more than three weeks In thll g bill ta now be- Ways and Means group's efforti bas!~ a fo llows: fore tli,. .. ,..,.,.,._erce Committee. to write tax-reform and tax tra ion "Unfair methods of competi· ,concern t1i It has behtnd 1t strong lobbying reduction legislation. Earlie tion in commerce, and unfair or 8Upport, eepeclally from drur• predictions of & bill's reachin dece tive acts or practices in Continued on Page 16, Column 4, Studies Add},ting Language· of Existing Commerce Statutes- New Approach Aims{ t Meeting Legal Objections 1II ~!,16:32, 29 December 2017 (EST)-~~= '11 y{J,ttfe 1 I � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document 1 CO | Closeablai Wi 7/2, Abou Mrs. Murphy’s Boarding House Atty. Gen. Robert Kennedy faces two prob- lems in promoting a law against racial dis- crimination in public accommodations. One is to define the businesess to which the law would apply. The other is to get the bill passed in any form. The attorney general has made it clear that he does not want the law to apply to small places such as “Mrs. Murphy’s boarding house.” Yet he objects to a dollar cut-off for affected businesses because it would not be right, and might not be constitutional, to tell large businesses they could not discriminate while small businesses could, Perhaps the best solution is to leave Mrs. Murphy and the small business distinction out of it, and hinge the application of the law on tae peantially’ engaged in interstate what the administration orig- ae ‘if the formula seems ‘one with which the courts vague, at least it applying from everything from os to oleomargarine. In view of some of the Republican as well as Southern criticism of the proposal, this is the most controversial part of the administration program. To Negroes it is one of the most im- portant; Roy Wilkins, executive secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, says, ‘“The publi¢ accommoda- tions problem is the one that irritates Negroes from morning to night.” Yet the Chicago convention of the NAACP, though commending the Kennedy program, alls it “inadequate” and seeks, in addition, a na- tional fair employment law and power for the attorney general to sue in oh of a rights. Desirable as these) 6b NAACP might be better advi trate its efforts on saving U dations plan. To seeky gress could result in 7a ou program into Mrs. Murphy's LOUIS POST-DISPATCH. have been able to deal in federal regulations SENATORS STUDY NEW RIGHTS HOVE | proposal is a novel or far-reach- ing use of the Constitution's commerce clause. Find No Legal Novelty This feeling has been ex- pressed particularly by Republi- cans. Legal experts say there is nothing to it as a matter of constitutional law — Congress, in its exercise of the commerce power, has often gone as far as the Kennedy bill goes, Neverthe- less, the ae remains. Those thinking about the Trade Commission Act as a basis for the new legislation say that it would be difficult to denounce as a legal novelty an approach first used by Congress ne eo derlying poli { course, under ey objections on the part fod a some jnon-Southern Senators would doubtless remain, But at least they would not be confused by legalistic arguments that the Southern opponents of the bill would ee proponents of this approach sa, It will be “Gtetieult to get sup- port for the ban on segregation in public accommodations from a number of conservative North- -erners, ially Middle West- ea Republicans. Their position oa on political and philo- een te not legal argu- ¢ supporter of d today that some mm Republicans obably oppose it £ the so-called terference with ‘private prop- how much he must sell it for.” Druggists But No Negroes he said, “These Senators have druggists in their states but no Negroes.” The Commerce Committee wil go into its third week of hear- ings this week on the public accommodations section of the |Administration’s omnibus civil rights bill. Among the MARES og will be more Southern Gove nors, a. The House Judiciary Co t tee will continue its pa legislation. A third set of Hare ings will begin before the Sen- ate Judiciary Committee, on all but the public accommodations section of the bill. The Senate Judiciary proceed- ings should be interesting be- cause of Southern dominance on that committee, The chairman is! Senator James 0. Eastland, Democrat of Mississippi. He has never let a civil rights bill out of his committee, and no one expects him to start now. } Tax Talks Will Resume Nevertheless, Administration witnesses will ye to goa through their paces again be-! fore the full Sen Judiciary membership, The first wit- ness will be Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy. The other al activity of gists and other small merchants.|the floor b “That’s at least as much in-|been I the product and then is told come. A mid-summer have om erty’ as restriction against|;, racial discrimination,” this 2 Cl Ppratibe Democrat said. ‘A retailer buys|st vidend in- : Pesnipronmice version may pass, although committee Republicans are unanimously and strongly-in favor of retain- “The difference is politics,”|ing the e xisting credit. Aims IS Meeting GTON, July 14 — Mee of the Senate Com- merce Committee are consider- ing a new approach to meet legal and political objections to the Administration’s civil rights bill. The idea is to tie the measure to the language of long-existing statutes regulating practices, This would indicate that. Congress was following a well-established path in using cial establishments, have in | Conme os, AS ee aes heen By ANTHONY LEWIS Special to *he New York Times business|c its power over commerce to end|}; racial discrimination in commer-|,,_ One statute that erent lata, staff members and Senators|—. wid is the Federal! The 1 sion Act of 1914. Trade Con am Legal Objections — commerce, are hereby declared unlawful.” f The approach being digctissea would start with cae Then Congress would cif ly define as one “unfair tice” the refusal of any enti prise in interstate | sell its products This would be tirely familiar to courts have  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 59 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/27f7d121bee372b8cbb45c28fc5d8e36.pdf 4a714f6e2089f52342c542c9c2e823cd Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Othe rs Have Rignts, loo w 5 - ? - r We ~ sympathetic with the desire of the Negro race In America to obtain the full civil , educational and economic rights to which they are entitled under the U.S. Constitution , alt hough the bellicose attitude s hown recently by some Negro leaders makes us doubt their wisdom and self-control. But we ;ire emphatically opposed to that part of Presiaent Kennedy's" civil rights" program in Congress that would force a man in private business to serve customers against his will. This attitude is based on legal and moral princ iples whic h woul d hol d true eve n if th e ques tion of race were not involved. In the various discussions of this issue which ·we have read recently we havefoundnowherea point which seems vital to us -- the difference between a public utility and a purely private business. Yet It is one that is clearly recognized in law. When a city , a county or a state enfranchises a public utility such as telephones, electricity, gas or transportation it is usually granted a monopoly. In return, it agrees to serve any person who can pay for its services. T he r eas on for this is obvious : if it did not do s o the ci tizen could not obtain the service anywhere else . He would be fo r ced to do without a necessity of life. In like manner it can be a rgued with some plausibility that any citizen, particularly any tax- payer, is entitled_ to any services offered by the Feder state, county or city governments . But a private ~ such as a restaurant, hotel, tllea or arber shop falls in ~either category. It is not a public utility wit h a monopoly franchise, nor is it a public ins titution. Private businesses of the type na med are many -Z-· in number and operate in keen competition with each other. In Atlanta and JDQI! ities hundreds of them are operat~ groes for Negroes. It is only logical and r ight that 0thers are operated by white persons for an exelusively white patronage. (As a matter of fact, many s uch bus ine ss es wi li not adm it white pat ro11 s whom th c·y cons ide r un desi r ab le). lf the owner of such an establishment agrees voluntarily to accept Negro business -- as many in ,\ t I a II r a r ece mly h a v c: ,; one ~- he has a pe rfec t r i·,hr to do s o. Th ar i'l a vc- , :, ii -rnr t thing from being coerced into doing it ·by the power of the Federal Government. But those who do not care for Negro business are not depriving a citizen of some needed service. There. are many other places where he can obtain it. The air is filled these days with cries of "minority rights". But what about '• majority rights", including the right of any citizen to establi sh a legal bus iness Jnd corid ucr it as he sees fit, so long as he operates it honestly and within the law? This right is so fundamental to the American s ys tem of free enterprise that wedonot believe Congres s will abr idge it. Senator Richar d B. Russell of Geor gia and other Southern senator s already have made i clear that they will conduct a" last- ditch" fili buster to pr event passage of this part of the Kenned " ·v ·1 rights" prof"Jm. will not be .Q8JMIH '3. are many men ln both the House m all p~ 9q t ited States and who v ill recognize the ser ........, ..... ., of the Administration's attack on what has been a car dinal point of American freedom. NTA CONSTITUTION, Frid ay, July 12, 1963 adge Sees Rights Terror Constitution WashinJt"!on Burea u WASHINGTON-There would be "terror throughout the land" if President John F. Kennedy 's civil rights bill became law, Sen. Herman Talmadge said in a radio interview Thursday night. have federal voting registration referees appointed and give the President power to withhold federal funds from government programs under which segregation was practiced. The senator also pred icted that "It would take troops all over Congre s would pass very little America lo en for c e this," the other legislation this year. J\t one Georgian said. point he said, "it is doubtful that action on the tax bill can be comBut he said he didn't helieve the pleted this year." Senate would ' 'approve this bill in its present form." Later in the interview (on CBS Capital Cloakroom l Talmadge Talmadge hit hardest at the seemed to indicate he felt the tax three principal sections of the bill had a chance. seven-section bill. He scored those part.I that would ire desegre"I suspect that outsde the field gc1ti busine es, of civil rights and taxes, the apepartrncnt to propriations bill will be about "" allow the Ju only m ajor Jegisla resul t," he said. th will The Presi dent an d his legislative leaders have said the tax bill shares " uppermost" legislative priority wi th civil rights. Asked to predict how Jl'resldent Kennedy would run i tile 1964 elections, Talmadge I He said it was too far Asked if Pre ly's apparent loss of the South meant Sen rlwater of Ariwna n up str h, Talm a e ~aid he did not lieve the President's loss ' 'had been translated into a particular party or any particular C date. ' I' � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Others Have Rights, We ympathetic WK desire of the Ne- gro Face in America to obtain the full civil, educational and economic rights to which they are entitled under the U.S, Constitution, al- though the bellicose attitude shown recently by some Negro leaders makes us doubt their wisdom and self-control, Burt we are emphatically opposed to that part of President Kennedy’s‘‘civil rights’’ program in Congress that would force a man in private business to serve customers against his will. This attitude is based on legal and moral prin- ciples which would hold true even if the ques- tion of race were not involved. ' In the yarious discussions of this issue which ‘we have read recently we have found nowhere a point which seems vital to us -~ the difference between a public utility and a purely private business. Yet it is one that is clearly recog- ‘nized in law. When a city, a county or a state enfranchises a public utility such as telephones, electricity, fas or ransportation itis usually granted a mo- nopoly. In return, it agrees to serve any per- |son who can pay for its services. The reason for this is obvious: if it didnot do so the citi- zen could not obtain the service anywhere else, He would be forced to do without a necessity of life. In like manner it can be argued with some plausibility that any citizen, particularly any tax-payer, is entitled, to any services offered by the Federal, state, county or city govern- mients, But a p usi Such as a restaurant, hotel, : Barber shop falls in neither cbtovori Je is nota public utility with a mono- poly franchise, nor is it a public institution. Private businesses of the type named are many 14. in number and operate in each other. In Atlanta dreds of them are operat Negroes. It is only logical and Mehr that oth- ers are operated by white persons for an ex- clusively white patronage. (As a matter of fact, many such businesses will not admit white pa- trons whom they consider undesirable), If the owner of such an establishment agrees voluntarily to accept Negro business -- as many in Atlanta recently have Jone -- he has a perfect ri:ht to do so, Thatisa very lif*-rert thing from being coerced into doing it by the power of the Federal Government. But those who do not care for Negro business are not depriving a citizen of some needed service. There,are many other places where he can ob- tain it. The air is filled these days with cries of “minority rights’’. But what about ‘majority rights’’, including the right of any citizen to establish a legal business and conduct it as he sees fit, so long as he operates ithonestly and within the law? This right is so fundamental to the American system of free enterprise that we do not believe Congress will abridge it. Senator Richard B, Russell of Georgia and other Southern senators already have made it clear that they will conducta‘‘last-ditch”’ fili- buster to prevent passage of this part of the pishre: program. will not-he negessary. © many men in both the House nited States ministration’s attack on what has been a car- dinal point of American freedom. TieAELANTA CONSTITUTION, Friday, July 12, 1963 adge Sees Rights Terr Constitution Washington Boreauw WASHINGTON—There would be ‘terror throughout the land’ if President John F, Kennedy’s civil rights bill became law, Sen. Her- man Talmadge said in a radio interview Thursday night. “Tt would take troops all over America to enforce this,” the Georgian said. But he said he didn’t believe the Senate would ‘approve’ this. bill in its present form." Talmadge hit hardest at the three principal seetions of the seven-section bill. He seored those parts that would . desegre- gatioM Of some: Inisinesses allow the Justiée artment to , |of civil rights and taxes, the ap- have federal voting registration referees appointed and give the President power to withhold fed- eral funds from government pro- grams under which segregation was practiced. The senator also predicted that Congress would pass very little other legislation this year. At one point he said, ‘‘it is doubtful that action on the tax bill can be com- pleted this year.” Later in the inferview (on CBS Capital Cloakrgom) Talmadge seemed to indicalée he felt the tax bill had a chanee, “T suspect that @utaide the field propriations bill will be about they only major legis ihab will result,”’ he said. The President and his legisla- tive leaders have said the tax bill shares “uppermost” legislative priority with civil rights, ~ Asked to prediét how Presi Kennedy would ruin my = elections, Talmadge ngeli said it was too far South meant Sen ter of, Arizona, We h, Talmadge said he did not believe the President's loss “had been translated into a par-' ticular party or any particular candidate,” |  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 58 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/99ceff5b03ad80f4cf5a18cd170e0946.pdf e61a7e38790dcd179426225d7678cb8a Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Rusk InPu for Civil Rights 1\ ' W ASHINGT'ON - Sen. Ja cob tK. J a<vits, New York --==~~------Re,pubHoo.n who 1'upports the administratiQn program said the sec. tion should even cover "Mrs. Murphy's" rooming house, iwhich Atty. Gen. Robert F. Kennedy has already indicated willingness to exempt. Marshall and J avits testified before the sena,te Commerce Committee on the ramifications blll to end segregation in private businesses which cater bo the -public. · Marshall was questioned partk ula,Jy on whether the 14t h Amendment to the Constit ution could be used as Lhe basis for public a ccommodaLio11s law, wHhol,t Vilso involving Lh e federal powel\~l,o re U· la te iptersLate conune11::&:! hc admi11ist11ion proposes. ' Tl1a 1inisLra tion cit righ l,I;; expe t eplied that h o l.l rdH, IJotll wcr 1:Mded. He said a,4aff;)c based on U{e · 14th 1Amendnilt\l a lone might be declared unconlJiltt1Lio11al and a lso would not ",cover everyW1ing." <UPD ~ Sec- - - - -7 1 SCHOOL BILL CLEAR ED Other congressional develop. ments : - A House education subcommit tee headed by R ep. J,ohn H. Dent, D- Pa., clea.red t he way for possible action Wednesday on a blll which would forbid racial segregation In schools . receiving aid under five federal programs p aying ou t more tha n $500 million a year. - Welf re Under --e: retary I va n A. NesLingen urged a House labor subcommittee to approve expansion of the ma npower training progT M 11 to provide subsisten::e payments t,o unemployed illiLera tes Y.:hUe they lea rn LO rea d a nd write. He said many or Lhe illiterate were Negroes. Marshall a ppeared for the second day fo,e the committee hcl'ded IJy Sen. Wa ri-en Magnuson, DW ash ., Sen. Strom Thurmond, DSAIJ, who continued his sh rp qu ·tionlng of a dministration wit n Qlll8es, cut Lh e hearing off a t noon b v g the rule ag!titast comtln ;s while the Sena Lc is --t111""1a110n . Thurmond charged public a x ommo atlons bi • - r, .. . . . , t thr> would e., turn private ,b usinesses Into "pub. lie ut111tiei;." Marshall countered already 1s hl y re wages ahd h s to pack.ag$Dg-an this · sistent ith private o Thurnibnd said he ag gone a long way towa rd state. Do you believe vernment should have done -llhese things?" "Yes, senator," Marshall replied. He sa id Lh a t if congress f a il& to enacl, civil ri o-Jl · · )('l·d sla Lion , "que tions would inc\'it':ibly a rise in ma ny par ts or t he world as to the real con viction s of t!1e American people." nusk wns commended by both R :•;:>u b!iJans and Democrr1 ts on t.he ccmmittee for his testimony. A s h e left t he witness s ta nd. he was RJ)plauded by a,p;:>roxima tely 3 5 o spectawr:;. Tl_m rmond. who h ad peppered Ru.sk with questions durin 7 the session , demanded th a t Lile ovation be ha lted. Thurmond ch ar d th t · the a udience was packed wttti {'i\·i' ri,J h ts ndvocates a nd "left lngrrs tr,vin;:: to pressure c on.,; into pasi;ing "an unconstitutlon eh'il r\,ht.s bi:I. T here were t.he other developmen ts on t he adml111.itr11tion 's civil righ ts proposals : - Cha iP-na n Ema nuel Y.. c f the Howse J udieia tee announced a '.'speed for ts to c0miiletc com . s idcratio cf the Jq i~la a~e. n~ nnounccd ' t hat ncsses 1Vl\11ting to te tify 5t submit t110il· reques ts by ~ aturda . Ccller a lso sa id ;10 ll'Ould hold ni,rh t sessions if ner.:css;ir,v to ex pedite con sideration of the meas. ure. - The House Educ lion nnd c cmmittec a pproved In rln ·llll oil! ·wh ich would set up a fcdf'r a1 fa ir employment practices commission with s trong powPr t o Ol'der an end to racia l discrimina tion in private indqstr~'. Tho way was c lc1\l't'd tor fjnal apl)rpva l Thur ·. h UI the l;to e roup reda,v t it a l by -Mich , - Tl ~llil~IH&lfl'II il t; subcc the su'.J;:om,nit ee the U. S. Civil R' for a noLher four ye goe5 to W1e f ull Sen te dietary Committee h e ded by Sen. J ames O. EasUand. D-M1ss. T he .J ud iciary C;immiLtee will open hearings Tuesday on the omnibus civil rights ,Pl'C.Jra m. I ' .. � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document 7 ot.) Accommodations’ _ By JOHN HERBERS (United Press International) WASHINGTON —. (UPI() — Asst. Atty. Gen: Burke said Tuesday the administration’s public accommodations section | of its civil rights package would bar racial discrimination at “most lclashed with a Southern senator hartburger stands.” : shall, Javitsed Gd” 4 \0 | WASHINGTON — (UPI) — Sec- arshall | applause at a Senate hearing Wed- 5 o a A Civil Rights retary of State Dean Rusk won nesday with a staunch endorse- ment of civil rights legislation but who said the audience was pa with “civil . righters and Jett wing- _ Sen: Jacob K. Javits, New York Republican who supports the ad- ministration prograin said the sec- tion should even cover “Mrs. Mur- _ phy’s” rooming house, which Atty. | Gen. Robert F. Kennedy has al- ready indicated willingness to ex- empt. Marshall and Javits testified be- fore the Senate Commerce Com- _mittee on the ramifications bill to end segregation in private business- _es which cater to the public. _ Marshall was questioned partic- ula,ly on whether the 14th. Bcd: ment to the Constitution ¢oul ¢ used as the basis for a g aa commodations law, with Iso in- volving the federal pow regu- late interstate commer aoe ad- ministetiion proposes. - The ministration Me tights expe feplied that he@f@h both were*méeded. He said whale based on 14th ‘AmendmBAE “alone might“ be declared uncon§Mllitional and also would not “cover every- thing.” SCHOOL BILL CLEARED Other congressional develop- ments: —A House education subcom- mittee headed by Rep. John H. Dent, D—Pa., cleared the way for possible action Wednesday on a bill which would forbid racial segrega- tion in schools. receiving aid under five federal programs paying out more than $500 million a year. —Welfare Undersecretary Ivan A. Nestingen urged a House labor subcommittee to approve expansion of the manpower training pro- gram to provide subsistence pay- ments to unemployed illiterates while they learn to read and write. | He gaid many of the illiterates were Negroes. Marshall appeared for the second day before the committee headed by Sen. Warren .Magnuson, D— | Wash., Sen. Strom Thurmond, D— |S), who continued his sharp questioning of administration wit- nesg#es, cul, the hearing off at, noon bywhvelvthe the rule against’ com- mide meetin zs while the Senaic is ne session. Thurmond gharged What the public” accommodations” «ae “Yes, senator, ‘A Marshall yeplied,. | Gommilitee will open hearings Tues- | day on the omnibus civil rights prearam., ers,’ ‘At one point, the senator, Strom Thurmond, D-Sic.,. da esti tioned whether Rusk was nol Giving s5up- port to Communist: propigandists, Rusk tartly rephed (1 jeourse” he was not, and sad ta ch d no committee of Congress oitia take the position Thurmond had, Rusk told the Senate Commerce Committee that failure of the United States to provide racial equality “embarrasses our friends and heartens our enemies.” He said that if Congress fails to enact civil rights Jevislation, “ques- tions would inevitably arise in many parts of the world as to the -real convictions of the American people.” " Rusk was commended by b Republicans and Democrats on t ecmmittee for his testimony. As. he left the witness stand, he was ap- Plauded by approximately 35.0 spectators, Thurmond, who had | peppered Rusk with questions cuamaeee Ses- | sion, demanded that Ovati be halted. Thurmond au the audience was packed w rizhts advocates and “lett 4 cers trying to pressure Congress in passing “an unconstity 1 civil rights bul.” There were these, othe developments on the oS ae tion’s civil rights Proposals: ' —Chairman Emanuel Gell ¥.. of the House Judicial tee announced a “speed gift 8 forts to eomplete comepifien. con. sideration €f the lezislatjyEppack- age, Fi) @pnounced that. ee hesses wanting to testify eet sub. mit their requests by Peiardag: Celler also said he would hold nizht sessions if necessary to ex- pedite consideration of the meas- ure, —The House auoaton basal ould set up a 1 fair employ iges commis~- sion with strong powers to order an end to rT OE) alias in a Was urs. re- ) the subcommiitee apyr@wed. 6 WT, Llc U. S, Civil is Conia for another four yours. Tip now goes to the full Sonate Judiciary Committee headed by Sen, James Q, Bastland, D-Miss. The Judiciary  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 57 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/331d1af05f44933ca4080e7987acfbdb.pdf f05244d186f9d1cb843e42e63edc36cd Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. I Remedy Agains Businesses Without PubliC ommodatio Bill-Marshall . Fo~# Marsha's[ .ATJp~als Passage Of R ights Bil~\~ · By JOHN· HERBERS (United Press International) \ ·., . WASHINGTON .... (UPI) - Burke Marshall, the government'~ top civil rights trou'ble-shooter, said Monday that Pre sid e nt "Ken~ nedy's proposed public accommodations law could have a v~rfed racial strife. in Birm ingham, Ala ., this ye r. He toid the S enate Commerce Committee that Negroes Btllged protest demonstrations against discrimination In busin ess establish men ts because there was no legal remedy, no action the government could take to filld it. Marshall, assistant attorney genPl'al in c11urge of ithP Justice De~ par tmen t's Civil Righ ts Division, a ppealed for passa,ge of th e pr oposed la w to ba.n racial discrlmina. tion in ·su ~h places as hotels and restaurants. During h is testimony, .1- • h e 8/lso: - Questioried the accuracy of a published report that managers of the Social Security and Veterans Administra,tlon of-fices in San An~ tonio, Te;,c., had been ordered .by Washington ito give)ob preferenc~,i; to Negroes. The r eport was cited bY Sen. Strom Thurmond, D-S.C., chief committee foe of th e proposed · public' oocommodations :·law. · Marshall s11,id he did not beileve any government. official . had -,lssuitd such a. directive but would : lqolt Into it. · .. · ·' - T estitied th ait a•aclal .dlscrlin- inatlon in pub!L~ estia:blishmel}ts cannot be wiped out by -persuas\Ci(l· alone. He said . this approa!!h' has resul•t ed in some success but th1lt it h as i UmitaUons. Sen.- :fll.18'fir.; coftt, R-Pa,, ,,aske~· Marsl!l&ll lf:11~ cOtlTd l\!We · US!ld tp.e proposed .., blic accommoda,tlo~s law in Birml.ng.h am, site of protest demon bns in May. , ·, ·· Marshall replied th at "th e d~monstrations would not h81Ve ha,d -to take place." The problem in Blrmin<>ham &Rd 11aawll1Fe, he ,sa:ld, was Vhat ~ )eglll re. medy. The , he saij , was voluntaTy tlon. · . When Birmingh am -business Pf'l,• pr ietors "agreed to take voluntq,ey action, that ended the demonstra• tions," h e com:luded. . ·_;'.:: ' : Scott said' ·that up to a w~~ fore the President sent h1s ·cMl rights vequesta' to J ess,. 't)1e Justice;.Department wo. tellin,g -set'lia,tons that "persua n ~ tl}_ei job" and that I t orltt 'waf> O u ~. Tl~e , ed ·~ : · epu , n sen~tor sugges't·.: h a,ccommoda:itons,· la\¥· s ed. in •first ye'a of e Kenne ministration , ~shal · led that it also was!lle~q-, e "In 1960, In 1969, r eal,ly · s oce I 1861" - a year tha,t saw "sit.ins" I in uoul'sville, Ky. · 1 1 � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Marshail Anne ee Of fae | nedy’s proposed sete aeancnaaleee racial strife in Birmingham, Ala., this Temedy, no action th could take to end_ it. Marshall, a atto eral ¢ appealed for p, posed Jaw to ban. ract ] — Questioned the accu published report that man : the Social Security and Veterans Administration offices in San An- tonio, ae had been ordered by: n ito give job preferences ‘to Nepines: phe “report was cited by Sen. Strom Thurmond, D-S.C., chief committee foe of the pro posed public accommodatior a Marshall said he did not hell ve any government official had. issued such a pune Wi “tions in Ma: eplied that “the: thes would not have uo to  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 56 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/7e94b010c09583ac25a5cbbe69b70e71.pdf 117a4e44c87446e2ab1cc175c8c1bbd1 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. G~ IA EDI TORS SPEAK: t, Civil Rights Proposat\ 1 Shakes American System Waycross Journnl-I-l('Tatd WE ARE in accord wilh the views of Sen. Richard B. Russell on U1e Kennedy administration's nC\v civil rights and the racial situation in general. Among other things, the distinguished Georgia lawmaker said "no American citizen has the right to select the laws he will obey and those he will disobey." Referring lo Lhe wave oC racial demonstrations in recent weeks, he said the American system has always rejected the idea that one group of citizens may deprive another of legal rights in property by process of agitation, demonstration, intimi· dation , law defiance and civil disobedience. The civil rights proposals sent to Congress by the President cont.a.in a section that should be repugnant to all Americans, regardless of race. This public accommodations proposal would cnab!e the federal government to enforce desegregation of private establishments catering to the general pltblic. It seems to Sen. Russell, to many other members of Congress and to us that this is itself a move to ·v. ericans of property rights. Court decisions have laid down a public facilities supported by tax r elaled to interstate commerce such as But the move to dictate to the owner of .., urant WW he may or may not serve is a more eruel . Should th1i ·right of property owners be taken away, it would represent the fall of one of the last great bulwarks of the American initiative and fr ee enterprise system. WASHINGT ON - While the heal and thunder across the ~out h is being concentra ted on the public accom modations section of P resident J ohn F . Kennedy's civil ri ~hts bilJ! a_ recen t study of Negro votin g and po pul~t1on has 111d1cated t ha t a nothe r civi l rights measure might have a fal'-reaching political effec.t. The public accommodations seclion of the Kennedy bill c'rit lc I() is the one that would outlaw racial discrimination in such busi- the state·s counties. In Louisjana the ··pattern" is seen in over a third of the counties. In Mississi ppi i 6 of the 82 counlies have reg- nesses as hotels and restaurants. Hea rings are being held on that measure now by two commiltees of Coa&ress. La~ week Sen. Richard B. Russell o( Winder told a J asper au· dience that such a bill " levels an all buti•ftlOr tal blow at the right or a man who owns property to decide llow 1 the property shall be used . 'J · J~~t dNl: :i143.215.248.55n1~5 roit~e143.215.248.55 16:31, 29 December 2017 (EST)= less than 15 per cent are rcgistered in over ha lf of the counties. Those 36 counties in Georgia represent less than one fourt h of the state·s 159. If Negroes were suddenly reg istered to vote in relatively large numbers iii counties and congressiona l districts where they had nol parlicipatecl befor e, what would the result be·? CALLED49i)cJALISTI C Earlier the Georgia senator and leader of ~ Southern group in the Sen~ d called Title fl •·socia listti' communistic . Howevenwre and more intei-est is beffll"'lhown in Washington about ~ civil rights proposal. the voling rights section of ill the President a~!143.215.248.55-~ TO LIBE RAL IZE POLITICOS? Some Southern poli ticians thi nk it would be to "liberalize the politicians from many of the areasin economic matters if not in civil ri_ghts a.natters. 111e reasoning behmd this seems to be that most of the Negroes thus rcg~stered wou!d be those who are mterested m ~:.:i;l~O~ra%asg:n~e143.215.248.55a143.215.248.55.. welTheir votes. together with whites similarly inlerested. would be a powe1· in congressional districts and probably to a greater extent, statewide. It is unlikely. aceordiQI to severa! Georgians in eoa,re.a, that these Negroes would ilarelthe numerical strength .. conCOULD GET ORD ER: gressmen who w or Here is how it would work : In champion civil r i Miller County. Georgia, no Ne· groes are registered to vote. The Justice department would file a suit charging tha t there is a ··i:mttcrn of di scrimination." If a federal district court agreed. then any Negro in that county could get an order decla ring that he was entitled to vote. if the judge fm:nd tha t he was qualified under state law and that he· had been denied the opportunity re3!P. The county btlltfs ;, Uie state A majority of the counties would could contest , ruling, be affected by the new law in all but meanwhile uld be but one South Carolina congreste. The s!ona~ district. Most_~r l~e c~unallowed to reg~ court could re 11,m or it ties 1n two of Lou1s1ana s eight could appoint f ferees. lf districts would be affected. before the One Georgia congressman bean election came a case had fina lly been sett led, the lieves that the impact of registerNegro voles wou ld be impounded ing Negroes would be less than exuntir there was a decision. peeled. He says that most of the counties where the abuses have 26 1 COUNTIES rNVOLVED occurred are rura l and that a ma. A somewhat similar provision jority of the Negroes in sul!h was written into law in 1960. TI1e counties would not be qualifi ed lo important difference was this: vote even if the registrars were Negroes could not register or vote fair. This is because of low eduuntil after the case had been de- cation standards, he says. cided. IN' URBAN AREAS According to a study just comBut he. too. concedes that conpleted by a non-government organ ization. there are 261 counties gressmen would have to take the wishes of the newly registered Nein the South in which less than groes into account. He thiuks the 15 per cent of the adult Negroes state's two senators would be are registered to vote. more likely to feel "pressure"' Thirty-six of those counties are from any drive to r~gister Nein Georgia. mostly in south Geor- groes. gia. Jf fede ral referees were to His reasoning here was that be allowed to register Negroes to vote in all those counties, it there is al ready a substantia l Necould very well have a decided gro vote in urban a reas in the impact at the polls on local races state. That prus .. a li tlle here and though probably not in congres- a little there from elsewhere in sional races, with two possible the state would. he says. "add up to a real force in statewide elecexceptions. tions. TI1e exceptions are lhe Second Another congressman sees the District tsouU1west Georgia ) repmost important result of a new resented in Congress by J. L. Pilcher of Meigs and the Third voting Jaw as being its contribu/southwest central ! represented tion to the early death of whatby E. L. (Tic ) Forrester of Lees- ever two-party system may be developing in the South. He points burg.' oui that Negroes a re going to vote WHERE THEY' RE FEW Democratic more and more in the The Second District has 14 coun- South because they are mostly. in ties. In half of them less than the lowest economic level and the 15 per cent of the Negroes are Republican appeal lo the poor is registered to \'Ole. The Third Dis- \'C ry slim. trict has 24 counties. In 14 of them The only reason that Negroes less than 15 per cent of the Ne- voted Republican in the South in groes are registered to vote. the past is that the "aura or In Georgia's other districts, the Lincoln" accord ing to this consituation is this: First-In only gressman, lingers on. That is three of 18 counties are Jess than being replaced. he says by the 15 per cent of the adult Negroes "aura or Bobby and Jack. registered. Fourth - two of 15 counties. Sixth-four of 16. Eigh th -two of 20. Tenth- four of 17. In Atlanta i Fifth District) and t'.,,e two north Georgia Districts 1Seventh and Ninth ) there are no counties in which less than 15 per ceni or the Negroes are registered. The Georgia situation compares ~: J ~g;t : c n;i.aw~:~i~. the countryi,had reached lhe fever pitch of today. Part of that bill would allow the federal government to go irlto counties where fewer tha n 15 per cent of the adult Negroes were rcgisterecl to vote and put them on voting rolls. n 143.215.248.55O~t:~S.t~n8 ~ 1:~~mo~hf~el~U I~~ less than 15 per cent of the Ne~roes registered to vote in half � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Russell the jem laws: he select Herald Waycross Journal-Her ie with the views: of Son. Richant B, : 's new right as Beae Di <. - 2  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 55 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/8a5cb355e2ce16e7a50d6f1558feb7bd.pdf 585a074783169c0b450e4dcf31b986f6 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. Civil Rights Protest Takes New Twists Here St·uden t·s Protest Job Ban On Negro Liquor Buyer s "I woa'.t fire any of my whi<e help,," to hire aay niggers. wer~ : : z : -.:.-! & P a r ks Jr. when a sked for the second time after a week notice if he would hi.i"e Negroes in his liquor store, according to student lea de r Ralph Moore. The store , now under ful l-time picket, ls l oc ate d on Simpson Rd. near Mayson Turner Rd. The Committee on Appealfor Hum an Ri ghts is taking immediate action in seeing that Negroe s ar e fairly e mployed there since it is supported predominately by Negtoes. Picket line s ·ha:ve been set up and ar e proving to be 100% effective in r educing Negro trade at the store. The Committee on Appeal For ,Hum an Rights doe s not expect too much trouble from Parks and thinks he is about ready to negotiate . The P arks own about eight liquor stores · the Atlanta ar ea. The sto presently unde r attac k does -an estim ated $750, 000 worth of bus ine ss year At th1 ra te ~e stoi;-e will lo se some $14,000 weekly if the boycott con ~es. _· A spokesman for the st dent group told the Inquirer that the � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Students Protest Job Ban On Negro ee Bu er: 8 fire any of my white help, ,ust to hire any niggers.” e on Appeal for Human Rights is taking im- mediate action in seeing that Negroes are fairly employed there since it is supported pre— dominately | by Negroes. Picket lines have been set up — and are roving, > be son n Rd, near Mayson Turner Rd. were the words :  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 54 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/e82340dd2780753d8783919e2cf980d1.pdf 4ed5a8c122a07b47bbe542051eeba99b Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. N·/l!ACP Calls For "Swe AciCJitions To President ~c r . t juo bsjnloq . Six ·Orga.n ization ,CO(mp·aign To'· age . By MARGERY An ,lncon i lency In Senator U' . -;7/ 7 a Russ ~J ,'{O ~U eech - ~- ' (United Press Int rn CHICAG (UPI) - The Nat,ona Assoc, for the Ad vancement of Colored People (NAAC Tuesday demanded sweeping additions to President Kennedy's f ivil rights program, which the NAACP labeled inadequate. . Georgi e nlor Senator of tlie Un i ~ P'ildl'ard B. Russe ll lef t e _ci ~ns pf Jasper County and El, fellow GeorglaF1 , be expected on the f i ~steT f!'Ant, when the CivilOllr.fll~MIJl!l§rffld gets g.oing in the Senate. He rehearsed =,...=-....:lm =es;:...::of .. Thad Stevens and Charles Sumner, ghosts ic:lent to frighten tho,s e on down generations ,~r.41r••••1is needed to block change. i ering hot July the 4th, an occasion usually consumed in re ne wing patriotic fervor and accelerating nation- - Police questioned four white b:iys a l fe alty, the Senot~r chose best to "let 'em have" something on in S t . Augustlne, Fla., about a hobLing incident in I hiC]l JOU!' th e President's Civil Rights bill, which he has already pledged to sNegr o y on t.hs w re struck by 110t"fight these outrageous proposals with all of the power in my l:l'lln pellets in I ,·ant of Lh h ome being." He referred to the document as "the most inhuman and or a ci 11 r lg:h ts (igure. Police se.ld 1,11e wllile te 1·1 - o.gers told on sadistic legislation in U.S. history! t'Jictln r I.lout ti c1d nt, · Senator Russell "gave 'em the works" on the public accombul, pµ a rently , Ln exmodation portion of the bill. The main argument the Senator cho.u or gunli1· in front uf the makes against this portion of the bill is that it would be an enhome of or. Robert B. Mayling, a croachment on the property and individual rights of certain proNegro dentist . prietors of businesses. This is true·, but it is also true that all lows affect one or both of these rights. However; the main po_int we would like to make · th some cities and states have already on J he ir books lows ic Orbid .\ a proprietor from accommodating or serving members oth racial groups. Have not the individual rights of those lndlvlduals who might have desired to serve members of both races without discrimil'\ation been encroached upon? We have never known our senior senator to eve r oppose a law requiring seijregation at the c:1ty, state or national le vels. So it seems that segregation laws have al ready encroached upon the individual a l)d property rights of many citizens. Mor,pvp.r while we are on th is subject of en~achment, w e 1 are reminde ,of the, many f ili busters in the Senate in which our. sonator has articipated. Boiled down, is not a filibu ster on effort to expression by other members of that It not it ment on their individual rights? Rights bills are now pending before th• ongress an ould be given due study and consideration and passed by that body. In our opinion, they are needed to put our nation in line _w ith the true meaning of the Declaration of Independence. 'I1he 2,000 delegates to the 54 a nnual NL\ACP convention a,pprov · ed unanimously a lengthy resolu tlon that said .the President's PJ'Ogram Is· commendable but "lnad'l-, quate to meet the minimum needs of the threatening situation." The resolution also ca.lied for a mass civil ' rights convention next month in Washington and· "grass roots" rallies in the states ano ·congresstonal districts the last week of this month.- In other civil rights developments Tuesday : . -Leaders • of six national Negro organizations, Including the NAACP, held · a "summit conference" In New York City to plan · strategy for e. nationwide campaign in &UP• port of Kennedy's civil rigl}ts · i:opooals. Later they were ~ . )\l~ with leaders of 55 er ~ tlo!'iji~ representing reli1lo~ ia,1,K b.u&iness, civll and fraternal efglh,~ tlon,. · he New JeWsey s tate E(l c~q Commlssion rdered µte f)f BNJI be th g c ls GP. ion.- ,Fred said there was no tempt to segregate but unintentiot1al s gregab J'8' (Continued on Pi.le '9 OeL :4.) I~ � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document KCP Calls F elartrr ; had Stevens and Charle es Somner, ghosts t to frighten those on down generations pinceded to block praiae, ly consu al fealty, : the Presidenis°Cre iI Ri “Fight these outrageous ese eale. with all of the p being.” He referred to the document as “the most ir sadistic” legislation in U.S. history! _ Senator Russell “gave ‘em the works” on the p modation portion of the bill. The main argument th makes against this portion of the bill is that it woul croachment on the property and individual rights of cer prietors of businesses. This is true, but it is also true that affect one or both of these rights. However, the main point we would like to mak cities and states have already on their books laws a@ proprietor from accommodating or serving mem racial groups. Have not the individual rights of those who might have desired to serve members of both ra vi discrimination been encroached upon? We have never nown our ays senator to ever oppose a law requiring eee) at the city, sta ieee, ‘national levels. So it seems that segreg have already encroached upon the individual _ prope zens. Kv hile Ww we are on this subject of e chment, we d. of the eer filibusters: in: the Senate in which our n by other Bee ers of that F al rights? Rights bills, are now pending before the uld be given due study and considera body. In our opinion, they are needed to put our nation th the true meaning of the Declaration of Independence. ir individu | —police questioned four white boys _ about a four in St. Augustine, Fila., shooting incident in which Negro youths were struck by shot- gun pellets in ftvont of the home uf a civil xlgnts figure. Police said Negr 0 Geritiaks Ent of” Colored People (NAACP sweeping additions to President Kennedy's eu iohte eae peech which the NAACP labeled inadequate. | annual NAACP cont ‘gram is) ed unanimously a tion that Sant the the oa neat e resolution also cd mass civil’ rights | io ale, Ne 3h ee of of this mi Ti other an  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 53 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/5cf883ead1ad3a4f5897dce9bbf9458b.pdf ce62d571db375268b076da59a86fdeb2 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. 1tive Civil Ith/ Urged~!'"'··~fs -~I,r W AS'HiINGTON - (UPI' - Sen, George A. 'Smathers, D->Fla., said !Friday that federal income tax cut is more important to the nation's Negroes than enactment of the administration's civil rights program, much of wlhich he opposes. The senator said that if the N~ro can be g· en better economic conclitlons wh will ·r pean mo1·e employment" of the complaints which ,Hf ~l l~Pllately now has would Im y disapear." Smathers, in ly r.actiotelevision program· da con. stituents, said oh c,Jtil rigihts r involve -p roposals he co voluntary dese to - lie accommodat,ions, , vocational training ( \ ~ ~arantees. He opposed ~welling the 'iederaI government tQ- ent,,ree desegre gation of prlvately-~d and operated hotels, restaurants and -similar establishments. 'smathers said he believed that if a, . man or woman 13uts his or her mopey into a business llhat they ~ve· the right to sell only to redheaded; chlb-footed, cross-eyed people - bhat !lir privilege and that ~ -i"flll-. privilege.' lege " ..-11.-:->11111 Geprgia's high slate o.fficial• and representatives t congress have been called upon by the Fulton C9unty . Republican Club, B. F. S.ullock, president, to stop making sta,ternentis, or taking actior:i to perpj!tuate segreg.a tiori and dis~rimina.t ion, and to _support strong civil rights legislation now before the legislator.s; The .Fulton County GOPs also, in a second resolution, oalled upon , Republi:cans in both hofe.s of Conhts Iegjsgress to develop cVil Iation ' to alleviate an solve the c1·1sJs in r ace relatJ.OP.,$ in this country. Said ·the Fulton Councy..Republican Club in the_ rsplu p on the action of officiaJ6i:ll. . "WHEREAS., . r i s i , in r ace relations, whi'ch eate1ilng the position of the d S tates as world leader In the field of human rights and liberties, -ha.-, re.suited from the failure of Congress t-o enact and enfonce legislation again.st segregation and discrimination, "AND WHEREAS, Senator Russell and Talmadge and Governor Sanders of the great State oI Georgia h, ve publicly declared themselv c,!,o be opposed to the civil righ •reglslat.lon ~ t l y pro_~ pose by the Pl' t pt the United s~~s- for. 'PldPJU'DOSe of eliminating segrega Ion and dlscrlm Ina tlon, "BE I1' r R.ESOIM!l1, TBEREFORE, thalr we, a&DDf*ilbers of the Republican-,. Party,~ has historlca,lly aij.g_tradi Uy supported th e prili'c pies freei:lom and justice for ill, call -\¥bn these high S.tate offlelals and all other of:ticials elected by the people of tbe Slate ·of Georgia, to · refrain from ma k.i any statement or takin would tend to pe etu ion and discrimination, a..,,~1111.iillltfsupport the legislation w " make secure the Unlt:ett••l!!!jll"!tJSit.ion as world leader in field of huma n righ ts 8\ld ll~f In reference to need for .a.ctlon by Republican members of Congress, the Ful ton GOP resolved : 'WHEREAS, the Congress faces n crisis in race relations in the U11ited States, in whic h the Jutur or ,this counbry and Its international po\~er uncl reput.allon are nt ~ta k,.. abroad :md In which it hone.,t.v 111 t nl filllng the ideals of deu10. at h ome alld I :.1 1 � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Feels Tax Gut, by More fear Than Rights Bill WASHINGTON — (UPI’ — Sen, George A. Smathers, D-Fla., said Wriday that federal income tax cut is more important to the nat- fon’s Negroes than enactment of \the administration’s civil rights program, much of which he opposes. The senator said that if the can be given better economic conditions whié will mean more employment” of the com- \plaints which Utimately now has would 5 y ci can: oP Smathers, is -Heek!, ‘television peers { f stituents, said th proposals he col voluntary desegrati ‘commodations, lig ‘tional training and.yoting tees. He opposed empowering the federal government -enforee de- Segre gation of privately-owned and operated hotels, restaurants and Similar establishments. Smathers said he believed that “if @ man or woman puts his or her money into a business that they haye the right to sell only to red- ‘headed, - ee cross-eyed people — that ir privilege. and that is, privilege.” lege" wd oad? eed He said thet 1 issue ‘involved if a” for business from prereccie But he said it is a “moral issue to be decided by the. individuals ‘involved,” not by the .government. He said he would have to vote azainst the administration package if the compulsory desegregation were included, Otherwise, on an plan were uded. Otherwise, on an individual basis, hewould vote for those he Say against those he opposes, he | “f think that a tax reduction bill as far as the negro citizens js concerned is even more important than this so-called civil rights leg. |jslation..." he enator (said a mass Negre p ash. ington wou, unfortu- a, aie SAdgere than OV. oaor vy, ‘and I “ait k they should leave well enough alone in ! this particular respect.” Positive Civil, Ri Action Urge Georgia's high state officialé and representatives to have been called upon by the Fulton County. Republican Club, B. F. Bullock, “president, to stop making statements, or taking action to perpetuate segregation and discrimination, and to Support strong civil rights legislation now before the legislators: State offitials and all other of- The Fulton County GOPs also, in a second resolution, called upon Republicans in both ho of Con- gress to develop cyil Bens legis- lation to alleviate solve the crisis in race rentions in this country. Said the Fulton County Republi- can Club in the on the} action of official ee “WHEREAS, crisis in race relations, which ireatening the position of the d States as world leader in the field of human rights and liberties, has resulted from the failure of Congress to en- act and enforce legislation against | Segregation and discrimination, “AND WHEREAS, Senator Rus- sell and Talmadge and Governor Sanders of the great State of Geor- gia have publicly declared them- be [on cal to the civil sti gain nly pro. | by. the Of the United States. ares purpose of eliminating segregation and dis- crimination, “BE IT “RESOLVED, THERE- FORE, thai we, asinimbers of the Repl aa traci ; has _his- rically and support- ed the priticiples om and justice for #1], call ton hese high ficials elected by the a le of the State of Georgia, to. refrain from i Bin tement or | would tend % Seare on and dis- crimination, & to support the legislation whic ‘make secure the Uni ition as world leader field of human rights and lib 5.” In reference to need for action by Republican members of Con- gress, the Fulton GOP resolved: “WHEREAS, the Congress faces a crisis in race relations in the United States, iy which the future of this Gountry and its international power and reputation are at stake abroad and im Which its honesty a fulfilling the ideals of denio- sta are Seer ft home and | d. the Constitutt -. and the princi ae for on i \ A whieh MME eliminate ™ ee = injyet in voting lie Sogo Mnodations, pe Lion, tunis hover  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 52 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/5de23cad5f3c8e8f52d43175399659c7.pdf e9b22c498faebb8a759cf45067b15e6e Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. ,::. . Ur-tl"t'ED'.r:it:.:rIDN~": ;' (ANP) '.Adlla,i S tevenson warned 0011,gr es~ las t i,veel{ t h at the wprtd stature of tht! United Sta tes den'lands p rompt a pproval of PresJde11t , .Kennedy's · civil r ights program. l\s if t,o ·11bst:tntiate What America's 'OiN ambassador ,was saying a letter , was presented o · U,uder: s ecretary of s tate G eorge W. Ball in Was hington, ~oiclng the protests of Z7 African governments to slandero\l8 remarlci mad·e by 'Lou empera te ·senator, Allen lsiatla's J . Ellendeb. · · t n~ de "8 repeatedly ··c1ec1ared that Negtb_~ pies, incluging Afri~ cam,, a re lt\bapait,,le o~ governing themse: ~ , tStet e~ ~ clared that as a Vni d ~a.Q!~1elegate to the Unit·ed t1 as concerned with the1iinUWC!Pl'IHates' world stature· nd t th ftflo y1 world" stirring ,n . .Nsia, .Mrlca and Latin America looked to tbe United .States. t.he lob ru:rl It, '~llP 'do us AJ,-~'rtV}1f:J,t. 11qJ11 e i:.i s 1 i't. "t",..r 11 ~ t.n talk of oursel,ves as the vanguard 0 ui tr.,edu.m anct ctemui.:racy whlle any of our ,fellow citizens suffer the indignities of second-class -citizenship? " · S tevenson Sf!.id m,ost delegates '."{Ith exp erie11ce in the country understood that racial progre&s had been. stepped up in recent years anti were "patient, tolerant and unp.erstanding" of United States efforts. However, he acknowledge that some delegates had been shocked by racial disorder an . lolence and that such events has had effect on some diplomats and their staf.fs. He declared that he was gravely concerned with the way ,racial disorder was exploited abroad · by · a bo~tlJe press, crep.tln~ a fals~ In- senator Russell has outlived his usefulness as a spokesman foi:: the state of Geonoa. As a maner of fact. if the laws of this state were enforced from top to bottom, Russell would be facing trial on charges of ..inciting to riot." Last week the honorable Senator made a speech clearly calulated to stir ~p racial strife and domestic tulmult. In his speech, Senator Russell charged that the civil rights measures presently before Congress are ten time s worse than what prompted the Civil Wa r 100 years ago. · . Ever s ince the senior Senator ha s been in office , his s ole approach to- die pro]km of civil rights for Negroes has .been a ne• .. ll gative one. "Lea"e the states alone. Russe suggests. For how long should they be left alone? T hey have been left alone for 300 years and Negroes a re still enslaved by a vicious system of bigotry. Does Senator Russell believe that Negroes s hould be extendecl the rights guaranteed them in the nation' s constiwtion, or doesn't be? If he does not. he is not fit to hold the high office of a legislator. If he does, it's about time he made it known. Russell has called moves by Negroes to win their r ights ,.cQmmunistic." We ask .. What' s communistic about c itizens who6ave lived in a country all their lives wanting to share in the equal benefits of that.citizenship?" We think Senator Russell is unfit to serve this state as a be-cause he does not even attempt to represent all ~ ·•ffijN • PI> citizens. The best contribution he could make to th1 signed resignation. prei .011- of t11e U1ittad: St_e,;_tes. • , Stevens011 said h e favored mass action· to·.strengthen ·the President's hand on . thi civll r,igh ts pppgr?-m by, presefi ting · the moral ' issue··. in . , · ev_e ry community: . Meanwhile, ambassador of 27 African governments sent a letter to President Ke.nnedy . protestuig s enator Ellende.r 's public statemep ts that . Negro people 11ire incapable of governing themselves. The letter ·waa presented to Undei; Secretary Ball by a committee · of A,mbassadors and chiefs of mission, The ctlmmlttee was composed of the chiefs of m ission of the United Arab !Republic, Nigeria, Sudan, Malagasy, Soma,lia and. Morocco. •Se nator Ellen<fer's ' television appearance on June J~ led to !l, number of conferences O'f ·, rican chiefs· of mission In Was 1 . The Ambassadors, who fe the i,oulsiana Democrat hi: lrisulted their cctintries 'prb occasions too, decided to tat e their views to President K ennedy, � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document “UNITED NATIONS — (ANP) — Adlai Stevenson watned Congress last week'that the world stature of the United States demands prompt approval of President Kennedy's civil rights program. ; As if to substantiate what Amer- ica’s UN ambassador w: saying a letter. was presented to Under- secretary of State George W. Ball in Washington, voicing the protests of 21 African governments to rows remarks ‘made by Tou- nperate senator, Allen epeatedly declared lés, including Afri- ipable of ~ governing ed that as a gate to the Unit- concerned with " world stature (ATOR o for ‘the’ state Russell has outlived his usefulness as a spokesman of Georgia. Asa matter of fact. if the laws of this ieatgeans igor ae heeeeebe % Cpr to (alps ell eye See little good to demand ‘the tearing down or the wau in Bern dfiieos we tear down the wall that sepa- rates us in our own land,” he as- serted. vy PA, “Of what value is it for ne ta talk of ourselves as the vanguard ui treedom and democracy while any of our fellow citizens suffer the indignities of second-class citizen- ship?” Stevenson said most delegates we experience in the country un- derstood that racial progress had been stepped up in recent years and were “patient, tolerant and un- derstanding” of United States ef- forts. , - However, he acknowledge that some delegates had been shocked by racia] disorder and ¥iole 2 that such events has some diplomats and ‘He declared that he was gr cOncérned with the way racial dis- order was exploited abroad by a hostile press, creating a false in- state were enforced from top to bottom, Russell would be facing trial on charges of “‘inciting to riot.” Last week, the honorable Senator made a speech clearly calu- lated to stir up racial strife and domestic tulmult. In his speech, Senator Russell charged that the civil rights measures presently before Congress are ten times worse than what prompted the Civil War 100 years ago. Ever since the senior Senator has been in office, his sole ap~ proach to the problem of civil rights for Negroes has been a ne- gative one, ‘‘Leave the states alone.”” Russell suggests. For how long should they be left alone? _ They have been left _ alone for 300 years and Negroes are salgnaieves by a vicious of bigotry. fs guaranteed them in the use he ca Pa : 27 = Aa Senator Russell believe that Negroes should be extend nation’s con esn’ If he does not, he is not fit to hold the high If he does, it’s about time he made it known, has called moves by Negroes to win their rights ”” We ask ‘‘What’s communistic about ci s country all their lives wanting to share in the fits of that,citizenship?”’ We think Senator Russell is unfitto serve this s $ not even attempt to represent - , or doesn’t , citizens. The best contribution he could make to this’ St signed resignation. TOE pression. of the United ed States. Stevenson said he favored mass action to strengthen the President's hand on. the ciyil rights program by. presenting the moral issue in every community: = piss) 4 | Meanwhile, ambassador of 27 African gOvernments sent a letter to President Kennedy protesting Senator #llender’s public state- ments that Negro people are in- capable of goyerning thémselves. The letter was presented to Un- der Secretary Ball hy a committee of Ambassadors and chiefs of mis- sion. The committee was composed of the chiefs of mission of the Unit- ed Arab Republic, Nigeria, Sudan, Malagasy, Somalia and Morocco. ~ Senator Ellender’s television ap- pearance on June decided to ident Kennedy, ©  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 51 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/8232b0e9241f158c3df25bd7d8f22d9f.pdf 6a856d670f2d26b89fc7b61ed3ed0075 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. ~ll4.T ABOUT TOMORRO·W? he ebOOlel not to 1erve. Jf • .1torekeeper can be compe1led to 1e"e in hil ,tore, people he wouJd rather not sen-e, the imtitution of private property i, endangered. Hi, ,tore ha, become public. property-and your private property right1 hne liecome eadU1gered. Yet that ii precieely what the pre.. eat adminimation ia ieek.ing to accompliah by invoking the ..intentate commerce" clauee of the Comtitution. Top lffel, ,tnteglcall:, planned racial dl'!IDomtratJom 111'11 qringinc up ·,ponuneou,ly' all OTer America, Theae poape wam of national rnolution unleat racial demand. are met. What WU once •a problem for the South• hu beceme a problem for e-rery ctate. city ud community. It threaten, the Nqro. ju,t • well u the white man. Thele ume organised. r .. .!ial agitaton, who proclaim and cite their comtitutioaal right of 'peaceful integration' are at deetruction of orderly freedom. HilltOry of the lut IO yean renala a lon1 li,t of JHtiom taken over by Commu• 11lm, throu1h me of nci.d a11tatioo. Under thi, kind of dictatorehip, i,he doctor, who prcfcn to 1elect hia office location, chooee hi, nune and he 4 heart apeciali1t, can be required to he a general practitioner, told whom to employ ,u.d where he , hall work. If he refuse,. he CUI have hit oftice 1eized and occupied by the favorite, of the bureaucracy. The aame would become the cu e for editor,. Jawyen, taleamea, etc. aimina: Tbeee qitaton ue not me~e1y ukin1 for 'equal righll' for the Ne,rc,1 they ara demudiq 'apeci.al righta' in Tiolation of the rip,. of .U people. They are cfemmdin1 the ript to nolate city ordinancee and 1tate lawa. - They are demuuling-md getting-immunitlee and apeeW pririlepa for Nesro citisem which white citisme do not If the Jiaht of private property i, taken away from the eitba lll UI artificial emergency, created by profea1ionaUv ,poi*)red racial riotl, then CongreM might be 'prc1aured1 lllto puaing Federal 'Emergency' mea,urn under the label of aaTUlg our nation from internal di10rden. Thia could n1uh in a total dictatonhip, and our hard fought-for-freedom, wilJ hne vanW..ed. Thia would prove a, diautrou1.!or the Negro Q for the white man, Demomtraton claim they are fi1htinc for their 'dipity", but la there any 'dipity' ahown bete in ibae bytterioal dem· omtratiom? Do th.er not 111gge1t that they are a phony front for oamethins alarminslY clillermt! In other ccnmtrlet racial upbeanlt ban been created to brim.a: aboa, artificW eoaditiom deeiped to climax a !Leed for military dietaconhip. America wu born in the hearta of men bccaUN of the ur,ent need for freedom from oppreMion and dictatonhip. Lon of God ad fellow man wa, the 1trong fabric from which it wu comtru.cted. Today there are Hletmen telling hate of their fellow man and inflamiq racial ten1ion1, rather than teekiag fah ,olutiom, m,,.,, There ia now ,uhataatial agreem , nt that the Negro should have equal voting opportunitiee and equal opportunity in the uac of all public facilitiee. But to give the Negro hi, due i1 one thina:. To aacrifice any of our basic libertie, in the proc, e11 ii quite mother...Eternal Yigilance it the price of liberty," and in thia day and hour the Negro agitator ia asking for more than equality; he ia demanding, and getting 1peci1J ri111ht1 (in the form of _deci,ion, by our courta) which invade the ri!llhll of aH citizem. The voice• of the reepon1ible Neira leaden who are alert to. the1e dangen are drowned out in the moUDtin& hy1teria over the attainment of fahe goalt. mu1 &,pon.ibilitiu Prlnte property, ,uch a• a re.tauru.t, CUI not 'be Hp· lated u though it were a public highway.1t ii up to each indmdnal to .., the owulardt for hit emhli,bment, to- wbicb hil clienteJe mu1t conform. Private rightl inelude the right to be left alone, u well a, the privilege to make or loee money, accordmg to the way the individual chOOMII to conduct hi, bndneN, no matter how wile or how foolilh. It b the re, ,pomibility of all men to re1pect the rigbt1 of Othen. Until now it bu been the ,torekeeper'• Jicht (and that meam eYery man'• right under the Comtitutioa) to ICITe the penom of bla el,o;-to ..... to wbom I,e. ..i.o- Thia la a Conaitntional llilbt, incident to the .....ablp of pmaie property. lie bu.Jie. !no to NI... to ,_.. - Canltitution and Congre,s -L,n,, of lhe Land Accordin1 to the ConatituJon of the United States, the lawa of the land are made by the Congreaa. The Supreme Court D1,erely renden ' ID opinion, H to the applicability of the.e lawa to a ,pecifie ca11e before iL Ill opinion becomea 1M a o/ IMI cue. Al mch, it i, indicative of how the Court (u oarratly comtituted) may be expected to decide • aim• llar oae. Howeffl', to declare an opinion of the court to be What Savannah Citisens are urged to do: 2. Urp the City Council to lmmediatoly ..,... new md - . . . better control U1d repl.ate demon1tration1 and paradee. 'the Jaw of the land' II to dttlare that the Supreme Cout and not tbe CongreH make, the laws. Thi, ia UDeomtita.tiaaat But you may be 1ure that thia 11 what• dietatonhip in c:ontro] cf the court, but not of the Congreaa. would like to have you helieve. Senator Ruuell Charge, or the plann~d rar.e rioh gcing on all over the United Statr8 Scnatcr Richard B. Ru~sell charged on June 12, 1963 tlut Prr:aidrnl Kennedy W H raising the •pectre of maH racial ,·iolence to puah Civil Ri ghts prcposa1s th1t were a atep la the direction of Socialism or Communi1m, "I WH •• , ahockcd" he 11id "to bear tl1e Preeldent juetify, if not encourage, the preaent wave of m... dem• on1trationa, accompanied by the practices o( 1ittin1 or lying in public 1treet1 and blocking traffic, form.ins human waU, before the doon of legal bu,ioeuea and •~1aulting with dtadly wrapon, cfficen of the law, whose only offense WH tc maintain order and protect private property." el IM "Cau,e" Be Remo.,ed Ir the Commnniett aucceed in America it will be becau• er a ccn1tant whittling away of our con1titutional rightl. To auccced in thi,, he mmt line a 'cau,e' with which to brin111 about chao,. H the "•r.auae' is removed, another mu1t he ere, atcd, and the pattern repeated. Without 'cause' the Com• munist, are 1oldicn without ammunition. In Brasil their r.auee wae 'inrlation' ; in China-agrarian reform; in Cuba it was to 1aboli1h the Batista dictatonhip'. After a 7-year 11tru11:gle in Algeria, Communi1t,led Moalem,, u,ing racial di• cord , 1ucceeded· in gaining control of the govenment from the French. A, in Algeria, the 'cause' they .have adopted iD America i, racial conflict. There can be no doubt that the Communbt ta debghted at the opportunity being preaented him to adopt thia 'eaaae'. He will r ender every aid to the •preuure-demaad' tactice which 11erve hie end. For him every auault on one of our ba1ic libertiee is a atepping atone towardt a Commoniat America. There are none ao blind aa thot0 who will not ace, and none eo dangerouely blind today H thoee wlao Hfa• to reeogni.ze the blueprint for - the Commnnilt takeover of America. AN OPEN LETTER TO THE PRESIDENT ,. 3. 4. Support and encourage by thone or letter, the merebU1t1 who are delendina f:'.C::,-~a'::pi~: are t e frontline10ldienforyou l Purdwefl'ODlthem 5. Every American 1hould ditteontinue bayi111 ma1uiDe11 that gin uatnul reporll of the new1, In,iat on moral ,tandard, in e,,erything you do. What Atlantans are urged to do: and the cuulidatel wlto will bi nm. They ahould evaluato thi, carefully. It i, time both political parti,. learn that th- wha 'lbe time ~' come for every voter to eon1ider future election, were able to l'I themselvea elected on either ticke~ could jwt •• well be oleetecl Oil llll incl.. pendent ticlot. To get proper repreoentation, people of prineipleo and integrity mmt be aoleetecl u yom Electors ind 1ent to the Conventiom uopledged and committed to no cudidate. unleat the CODdldate propooed fill, the higb 1tandard1 the voter ahoald nqaire in the - aoloc:ted to nn oar Nation. This mes.s age to the people of this community was paid for by a group of r-epresf!ntatlve North Side Citizens. � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Top level, strategically planned racial demonstrations f are springing up ‘spontaneously’ all over America, These groaps warn of national revolution unless racial demands are met. What was once ‘a problem for the South’ has become | # problem for every state, city and community. It threatens the Negro, just as well as the white man, ‘These same organized r.:ial agitators, who proclaim and { cite their constitutional right of ‘peaceful integration’ are aiming at destruction of orderly freedom, History of the last hl 30 years reveals « long List of nations taken over by Commu- m nists, through use of racial agitation. ‘These agitators are not merely asking for ‘equal rights’ for the Negro; they are demanding ‘special rights’ in violation of the rights of all people. They are demanding the right to violate city ordinances and state laws. ‘They ave demanding—and getting—immunities and spe- celal privileges for Negro citizens which white citizens do not possess, Demonstrators claim they are fighting for their ‘dignity’, , but is there any ‘dignity’ shown bere in these hysterical dem- — - onstrations? Do they not suggest that they are « phony front for something alarmingly different? In other countries racial upbesvals have been created to bring about artificial condi- tions designed to climax a need for military dictatorship. | America was born in the hearts of men because of the urgent ; need for freedom from oppression and dictatorship. Love of C God and fellow man was the strong fabric from which it was i constructed. Today there are ealeamen eelling hate of their i fellow man and inflaming racial tensions, rather than seeking } fair solutions. i! Rights and Responsibilities | Private property, such as a restaurant, can not be regu- a lated as though it were a public highway, It is up to each in- dividual to sec the standards for his establishment, to. which his clientele must conform. Private rights include the right ' to be left alone, as well as the privilege to make or lose money, i according to the way the individual chooses to conduct his business, no matter how wise or how foolish, It is the re- sponsibility of all men to reapect the rights of others. Until now it has been the storekecper's right (and that means every man’s right under the Constitution) to serve the persons of his choice—to cater to whom he, chooses, This is « Constitutional Right, incident to the ownership of private property. He has been fres to refuse to serve anyones whom r : “ J | What Savannah Citizens are urged to do: 4 There {na Suvannah city ordinance (Section 24—128.1, 2 and 8) which 3 hibits musa are tas passed to protect each citizen's to com » duct his pe incae owewer, jis orien permits the picket the of self n. Recently mass marches havc i<su practiced. In Jong columns of file, th customers’ access to business he chooses not to serve. Tf a storekeeper can be compelled to serve in his store, people he would rather not acrve, the institution of private property ix endangered. His store has become public property—and your private property rights have become endangered, Yet that is precisely what the pret ent administration is secking to accomplish by invoking the “interstate commerce” clause of the Constitution. Under this kind of dictatorship, the doctor, who prefers to select his office location, choose his nurse and be 4 heart specialist, can be required to be « general practitioner, told whom to employ and where he shall work. If he refuses, he ean have his office seized and occupied by the favorites of the bureaucracy. The same would become the case for editors, lawyers, mleemen, ete, Private Property Rights If the right of private property is taken away from the citizen in an artificial emergency, created by professionally sponsored racial riots, then Congress might be ‘pressured’ into passing Federal ‘Emergency’ meatures under the label of saving our nation from internal disorders. This could result in a total dictatorship, and our hard foughtfor-freedoms will have vanished. This would prove as disstrousfor the Negro as for the white man. ‘There is now substantial agreem nt that tha Negro should have equal voting opportunities and equal opportunity in the use of all public facilities. But to give the Negro his due is one thing. To sacrifice any of our basic liberties in the proc- ew is quite another, “Eternal vigilance is the price of lib- erty,” and in this day and hour the Negro agitator is asking for more than equality; he is demanding, and getting special rights (in the form of decisions by our courts) which invade the rights of all citizens, The voices of the responsible Ne- gro leaders who are alert to.these dangers are drowned out in the mounting hysteria over the attainment of false goals, Constitution and Congress ~ Law of the Land According to the Constitution of the United States, the Jaws of the land are made by the Congress. The Supreme Court merely renders‘nn opinion, as to the applicability of these Inws to a specific cuse before it. Its opinion becomes the low of that case, As such, it is indicative of how the Court (as currently constituted) may be expected to decide a sim- ilar ease. However, to declare an opinion of the court to be “the law of the Iand" is to declare that the Supreme Court and not the Congress makes the laws. This is unconstitutional. But you may be sure that this is what a dictatorship in control of the court, but not of the Congress, would like to have you believe, Senator Russell Charges Of the planned race riots going on all over the United States Senator Richard B. Russell charged on June 12, 1963 that President Kennedy was raising the epectre of mass racial violence to push Civil Rights proposals that were a step in the direction of Socialism or Communism, “Twas... shocked” he said “to hear the President justify, if not encourage, the present wave of mass dem- onstrations, accompanied by the practices of sitting or lying in public atreeta and blocking traffic; forming human walls before the doors of legal businesses and assaulting with deadly weapons officers of the law, whose only offense wan to maintain order and protect private property.” et the “Cause Be Removed If the Communists succeed in America it will be because of a constant whittling away of our constitutional rights. To wuceced in this, he must have a ‘cause’ with which to bring about chaos, If the ‘cause’ is removed, another must be cre ated, and the pattern repeated. Without ‘cause’ the Com- tounists are soldicrs without ammunition. In Brazil their cause was ‘inflation’; in China—agrarian reform; in Cuba it was to ‘abolish the Batista dictatorship’, After a 7-year struggle in Algeria, Communist-led Moslems, using racial dis cord, succeeded: in gaining control of the government from the French, As in Algeria, the ‘cause’ they have adopted in America is racial conflict. There can be no doubt that the Communist is delighted at the opportunity being presented him to adopt this ‘cause’, He will render every aid to the ‘pressure-demand" tactics which serve his end. For him every assault on one of our basic liberties is a stepping stone towards « Communist America, There are none so blind as those who will not see, and none so dangerously blind today as those who refuse to gnize the bl for the Ci iat tak of America. AN OPEN LETTER TO THE PRESIDENT have, wi in jis ordinance, Urge tha Mayor and all merchants to have this ordinance enforced. the Gtates, r Malcolm Maclesn, City Hall, Savannah, and tell him you want him to pre ete Bal of Bias apptieable EME Ogg 3e- ar rights to own property, and your individual right to carry on your business as you 1, The 14th Amendment did not ms fod lerigtby article, based SO plemented bY as proved conclusively DF A tye former Law Proleine’ Set oiey Morrisette tad search, bY Be eae by nis eK f the Fekean ane tee ion), atating: Urge the City Council to immediately enact new and stranger ordinances te ford Law Review of Decent’ 1959 Bartkus coe (P0% ne Dus Provese cinnes of better control and regulate demonstrations and parades, the trath of this proP and unl! any of tne provisions of SBA 1% ah wwe ave Belt Tament does nok apply $0 the States have Braively vast wh “ the Fourteenth ta as such. Ao demonstrate ‘uid not eontem= eight omen ‘by legal acl onal ae of the ratitying oe of the first elant ‘ ‘Write your Senators and ae tive, and them to protect this Comm Ta tne members of Mie IEE ‘the estates.” vate rights, (Senator Ris hard Rascll, Gasser Herman Tameka ‘Fourteenth elt restrictions UPOn we Secate Olfice Balding, Washington, D.C,; Congressman G, Elliott Hagan, Pinte tents ang tem Tas a 8 article ane ould pretend t4 a ouse Office Building, Washi D.C. «citing in : 8 juilding, Washington, D.C.) eciting earlier cases: . pence and intellect ‘gage Black's 000" ai scholar Posto arieles mentioned seo made! peers f - Support and encourage a pe or letter, the merchants who are defending ee pretenses as being based wpan eet cannot be mis« 4. ey rights, They are the front line soldiers for you! Purchase from them ment under the Coa aed in the Batler © to show your support, ted to the Federal Bove e rine Court soundly As tT end cannot ne sraptsh a probibited nd, 24 rely, the pews! ee x afery in Keeping with used to ® gag—pp. 73-74 of OF Dei decision, 4 (and no eon ; (HAAA") case 1B TFET trol over agriculture, 870 wus framed and Adoptee of the Con 5 Every American should discontinue buying magazines that give untrue reporly mairused 10 tent with which SF eae to be the cared orca ‘Wickard ca ‘Fe of the news, Insist on moral standards in everything you do. wy , was sai id the conmicting decision stitution: ee makes mmitred rank usurpation i by ¢ to the ©o tutional that part of Liberty Pt in the name of Equa : of pe on in What Atlantans are urged to do: wa oe aning Seveoe at Bqualty—e¥TinE OD go the SON to have & ee amendment. ity, of of any fn to respect we gas eee eae etn me ch “The time has come for every voter to consider future elections and the candidates who will be pe ot sical onal, ts a pe ot the ee ae ot poarch, constl- ‘run, They should evaluate this carefully, It is time both political parties learn that those whe others ene rghit vo Liberty benim: BENET “were able to get themselves elected on either ticket, could just as well be elected om am inde. ae example, of current violations ant pret artic en ae te rly ses en ene eg ea o your Electors and sent to the C pledged and itted to no did. unless of ae einen sing those coral righ ts—taleely pretending the candidate proposed fills the high standards the voter should require in the men selected te ends in violation of bankruptcy. the means: This leads 7 run our Nation. ‘This message to the people of this community was paid for by a group of representative North Side citizens,  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 50 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/d3e4cc8fa90cf099b0fb8321c92380b0.pdf 0d61fccae8ec8494f5b90b8e19d6a332 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. o:wr. Rights Pro [riacted, WillQ•IIUMI~ struggl . himself had alrea 'I he 1,500 t so-called "public 1116cl»llidll,~P.ial~ . pend rlx d y proposal J1S an lnva e for advancing th Ir f equal property righ ts. righ ind racir, J Jntegratlon. They "My position will be, I'm going no i;o 11t a time when the ii. ue to find some way l t0 present the domlnaLcs domc::;t lc politics and. views of Georgia Oemocrats to the ConF,"r •s Is abnu t to begin debate n ational pa rt y," san11ers· said. on the nWf;f, <-werpm·• civil right., "I h ope I can co11vlnce them that :prop, m t he ~i b I .if, By IUPI) wha t they're trying to do Is not In morif!n Umr•,. Gov. earl sanders said T uesda the best Interest of tbe ,party." From Nort.J,, L:outh, Ea-.t. and t,h at future even ts in Presiden san d he will "certainly W L. clrlP ,atrs hy the h11udre,:l · Kennedy's clvil r igh ts campaig be fir •Within the party had convcrgr·d on the Windy lty gia Demo- aL t11e wrrkenct 1ur the conventlot could put him In a "different posi tor w tion" about party loyalty if Geor crats be 11111! up with The mcctJ11 1 the first 11atiou I a pl'opo.:· . . . ._,.,~ e of gathe1in~ 01 ,, civil rights organl gia's interest Is at stake. 'Tm a loyal Democrat," san der Georgia ziition ~inre thi> birth of the 19 aid. "I intend to stay in the part "I t,hlllk 11'111111llo.lill,IJl!II• 'riv-ii ri hh <.:rl~i-:" in thP :-treet hat doesn't necessarUy mean t h national of .tlin ct el.·ewl,rrc uture would not be such that ' a ll the civi g ts legislatio~ D lo couldn't be 1'Ut in a d ifferent posi· thro.ugli wit hout some compromise. velopi , urh tion. pr,Jiti "The people of Georgia are my ne ·nterest ." tl(\11. hOl' numb ed with a United '11,rv iilre al re the eorglans. luding D~mocrats, are angered by the Rights ,Bill Chang~ L. ~ Of Ga. ~ -Sanders·· (Continued on P~ 5, Col. 2) � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document ————— Enacted, Wilkins Declares As NAACP Opens Nat'l ron tia a CiVIL..RIGH (Continued from Page -Onejr wie last y af vas, “We Wait No Long- er.” This year, the slogan “Now or Never” seems to be the choice. From convention headquarters in the Morrison Hotel to the far reaches of the Southside, interest in the gomvention and its work has been intense. | Mr. Wilkins delivered the key- note dddress on the night of the opening session. Be Speakers for the six-day eee: AME Zion Bishop Stephen . Spottswood, chairman, oard of Directors: the Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth, of Bir- mingham; James Meredith, of the University of Mi ie DY) Charles Wesley, president, Central State College, Wilberforce, a Also, Hatvey Gantt) of Cl S. C.; Cezil Poole, United” states ! Attorney for Northern fea: Eli Ginzherg, of LG sity; noe Robert L. e ete Me awarded an- nually to a Negro A Hifor dis- tinguished achievement, will be Byers MAOP field. tary for Mississippi. The presen tion will be made to Mrs. Hivers.! awarded posthumously to Medgar Nemes civil rights program in Tess. : igd-out that he ‘Rights Bills May Change fg 4 Of Ga. - - Sanders By (UPI) Gov. Gar] Sanders said Tuesda that future events in Presiden Kennedy’s civil rights campaig could put him in a “different posi tion” about party loyalty if Geor) gia’s interest is at stake. “I'm a loyal Democrat,” Sander said, “I intend to stay in the part That doesn’t necessarily mean th future would not be such that couldn't be put in a different posi: ‘pon. “The people Of Georgia are my numpbersone interest.” id with a United iy al reporter the caee Te Contens ineluding ‘pemocrats, are angered by the (Continued. on Page:5, Col. 2) } vrational , additional der himself had alread so-called “public proposal as an invas property rights. : “My position will be, I’m going {to find some way, to present the views of Georgia Democrats to the national party,” Sanders said, “y hope I can convinée them that what they're eae to do is not in m he best interest ot party.” f ; ee fil “certainly be: l pyithin the parly for irgia Demo- crats bel a propesife Georgia \ “Tbh i DERG ie pavty ean push all the. civil Fights legislation through without some compromise,” NAACP Delegates. . “Meet In Chicago — For Convention <. From Wire and News Reports CHICAGO — (UPI) — The WNa- tional Association for the Advance- ment of Colored People Monday opened a convention which could make ‘history. The top NAACP spokesman said new mass demon- strations would result from the meetings. Roy “Wilkins, executive secretary of the NAACP, said at the star of the 54th annual convention that President Kennedy's civil rights program “must be enacted.” But Wilkins could not be expected to go along with the President's request for:a moratorium on demonstrations for equal rights while Kennedy's pro. gram is being debated in Congress, “This conven will stimulate iBtrations besause we will point @ut areas in which progress has net yet been made,” Wilkins said. | The NA cago could convention in CGhi- 1e most significant in the org on’s 54-year his- tory, just as9R year 1953 has been one of the Mi EE i... the Nezroes’ a Luba struggle, The 1500 tog spend six days tielegates will new plans e for advancing (help @@nse of equal rights anc racial Integration, They do so at a time when the issue dominates domestic politics arid Congress is aboul to begin debate on the most sweeping civil rights PIO} ram. to. be laid belere tsi oder (ines : e avorn North, South, Bast, and West, delegates by the huidreds had converged on the Windy ity at. the weekend for the convention. The meeting is the first national gathering of a civil rights organ! zation since the birth of the 1863 “civil, rights crisis’ tn the streets cl elsewhere, missing, an de- fulure + as employment, é MH, school desegrega-. tien, We ad ieeal action. They are exploring ways ‘ahd means of insuring. enactment of pending civil rights legislalion: “NOW OR NEVER” Roy Wilkins, execulive sorre- tary of the NAACP, told President Kennedy two weeks ago that the demandiration which inflamimed (he coun) could not pe halted un- {il equality for Negroes had bem achieved, The: mohbng hs onset Solan” B8rd ‘agua to “Gn felon) one warned Negroes ‘  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 49 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/306a0943a4e869e1d166488ed5259ba3.pdf 88c32088250d4c8da48880c4d720ac3d Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. , -- - - - SenaIe i6?.fee Gels ivil .Rigb1s~ H~~rings July :16 1. • A '( ' BY JOHN HERBE RS lJniled Press International · , WASHTNO'OON - (UPI) - ·rhc Senate Judiciary Committee, nead- by Mississippi 'Democrat James '-'· E~ and, announced Tuesday 1t will begin hearings on President Kennedy's civil rights b!ll on July 16,.,~ith Atty. Gen. Rober-t F. Kenneuy as fi'rst witness. The announcement a ppeare'd to confirm predictions bhat the f.u11 committee would conduct the hearings rather than turn them ove1. to a subcommittee flrst. :Thls means it will· be a one-stage procedure, I but does not necessarily sb.ovten coqsideration of the issue. ., · Senate Democrat.'-' leaders a.re conviuced there , le hope of g etMn t Kennedy's tlUlr. oMl, rights lbill , out oI Easttaritl's , committee. Thij.5 ,they lta,e devised . alterna t ive methods to get it to the Senate floor for consideration. DIVERTED 'TO CALE!liDAR This strategy c;alls for diverting, the H.ouse civil rig!Jts bl11 to. the Senate calendar when it arrives, -thereby avoiding having it assign~ ed t o the so-.called "graieyard" of the -Judiciary Committee. It could be then ca11ed up {or the begfunlng of what Is expected to be a deter. milled southern -filibuster. '11he Judiciary Committe~ will deal with all Uons Qf the PresJclei;it 's pr oPQIM ltlli~llt the public a,c,commoclat,191111t,. .a11111"e, which is under corudde n by the Senate Commeroe Committee. U 4or judiciary s tudy will be p ls Involving ,votlng rights, school· desegregation and tho possible cut- off deral funds for ·wb rl11)ina tion is =s Everett M . the publb a the ranking. . pubtlcan on tland's Jud.lcia-ry Committee. He favors other port,\ons of the administration progra.in, but Eastland and fellow southern senators oppose it general. )y , . MARK THIRJ> APPEARANCE The ·J uly 16 hearing!! will mark Atty. Gen . Kennedy's third major appear ance before a congressional commit tee on the President's civil r ights leglslatiop . He '8stifled bet e he.Hou~ J ~ Q>mbl hu;t wee)t and W8'1~ befele 1111 Senate Commerce Oommlt t-'t Mol'ldt!.Y a11d Tuesday. He will· r,bUrn 'Wed~esj:lay._ � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 48 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/17ba3d25120a12754171ade1fb7b0cf5.pdf 56decefe2b6749bdf783eafbfcd41f20 Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. [COMMITTEE PRINT] J UN E 88TH CONGR ES S 1ST SESSIO N 20, 1963 s AB LL To eliminate discrimination in public accommodations affecting interstate commerce. By M:r. _________ __ ____ _ J UN E Read twice and , 1963 referr ed to the Committee on Commerce � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document [COMMITTEE PRINT] June 20, 1963 88tH CONGRESS ist SESSION s A BILL To eliminate discrimination in public accommo- dations affecting interstate commerce. JuNE , 1968 Read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 47 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/128824edc5c16a387d674d1004be9013.pdf fd40b5975823f0adea221ce50f3c204c Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. [COMMITTEE PRINT] J U NE 20, H)63 PRINTED FOR THE USE OF THE COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE 88TH CONGRESS 1 ST SESSION 5. /7J V IN ':l1HE SENATE OF THE UNITED s rrArrES J U NE , 1!)63 Mi:. __ _____ ___ introduced the following bill ; which w ns read t wice ::tnd r eferred to the Committee on Commerce A B LL To eliminate clisrrimination in pub1ic acconnnoclation~ affecting interstate commerce. I Be it enacted by the S enate and H~ ouse of R epresenta- 2 tives of the United S tates of A11ie1·ica in Congr·ess assembled, 3 That this Act may be cited as the "Interstate P ublic A ccom- 4 moclations Act of 1963." 5 FIN DINGS 6 SEO. 2. (a ) The American people ha.Ye become increa. - 7 ingly mobile during the last generation, and millions of 8 American citizens travel each year from State to State by 9 rail, air, bus, automobile, and other mean. . A substan6al 10 number of such travelers are members of minority racial J.20-104-1 �2 1 and religious groups. These citizens, particularly Negroes, 2 are subjected in many places to discrimination and segrega- 3 tion, and they are frequently unable to obtain the goods and 4 services available to other interstate travelers. 5 (b) Negroes and members of other minority groups who 6 travel interstate are frequently unable to obtain adequate 7 lodging .a ccommodations during their travels, with the result 8 that they may be compelled to stay at hotels or motels of 9 poor and inferior quality, travel great distances from their 10 normal routes to find adequate accommodations, or make 11 detruled arrangements for lodging far in .advance of sr,heduled 12 interstate travel. 13 ( c) Negroes and members of other minority groups 14 who travel interstate are frequently unable to obtain adequate 15 foo d service at convenient places along their routes, with 16 the result that many are dissuaded from traveling interstate, 17 while others must travel considerable distances from their 18 intended routes in order to obtain adequate fo od erv1ce. 19 (cl) Goods, services, and persons in the amusement and 20 entertainment industries commonly move in interstate com- 21 merce, and the entire American people benefit from the in- 22 creased cultural a:nd recreationa.I opportunities afforded 23 thereby. 24 tion artificially restrict the number of persons to whom the 25 interstate amnsement and entertainment industries may offer Practices of audience discrimination and segrega- �3 1 their goods and services. 2 state commerce by such practices and the obstructions to the 3 free flo w of commerce which result therefrom are serious 4 and substantial. The burdens imposed on inter- 5 ( e ) R etail establi.·hments in all States of the Union 6 purchase a wide vaii ety and a large volume of goods from 7 business concerns located in other States and in foreign 8 nations. Discriminatory practices in such C'sta blishmen ts, 9 which in some instances have led to the vvithholding of lO patronage by those affected by such practices, inhibi t and re- 11 strict the normal di stiibution of goods in the interstate 12 market. 13 (f ) Fraterna l, religious, scientific, and other or D'a m za- 14 tions engaged in interstnte operations are frequently di ssuaded 15 from holding conventions in cities whi ch they would other- 16 wise select because the public facilities in such cities are 17 eitber not open to all members of racial or reli gious minority 18 gronps or are ava il al>lc only on a segregated basis. 19 (g ) Business organization s arc frc<]_nen tl y haxn percd in 20 obtaining the services of skilled workers and persons iu tho 21 professions who are li kely to encounter discrirninat io11 lx1sed 22 on race, creed, color, or national origin in restaurants, retui l 23 stores, and places of amnsernent in the urea ,vhoro tl1rir 24 services are needed. 25 avoid subjecting their employees to such di.-crimina.tion and Bnsiness organ ization s which seek to \ �4 1 t o avoid th e strife resulting· th erefrom a.re r estricted in the 2 choi ce of location for their offices and plants. Such di s- 3 crimination thus reduces th e m obility of th e national labor 4 force and prevents the m ost effective allocation of na.ti011al 5 r esources, inc1nding th e interstate movemell t of imlustrics, 6 pa.rticularly 7 of industrial and commercial expan sion and development. u1some of th e a.rea s of th e Nation most in need 8 (h) rrhe discriminatory practices describ ed ab ove are 9 in a.ll cases encourag ed, fo stered, or tolerated in some degree 10 by th e gove111mental auth orities of the Sta te in which they 11 occur, which li cense or protect th e businesses iff, olYed hy 12 means of Jaws an d ordinan ces and th e a,d ivities of their 13 executive an d judicial officers. Snch cli:,crim inMory pra,c- 14 tices, par ticula rly when their cumulative effect throughout 15 the Nation is considered, tak e on th e cha.ra.cter of action by 16 the States and th erefore fal l within the ambit of the equcd 17 protection clause of the fo urteenth am endment to the Cou- 18 stitution of tbe U nited State. . 19 (i) rrhe burdens on aml oh:--tructi011s to commerce whi('h 20 a.re described abo, e can best be remoYecl by invoking the 21 power,· of Cong re. · ' under the fom-teentb amendment and the 22 commerce c]ause of the Constitution of tb e Un ited States to 23 prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion . or 24 rnitional ori gin in certain pnb]ic establishments. �D 1 RIGHT TO NONDTSCRIMINATION IN PLACES OF PUBLIC 2 ACOOMlVIODATION 3 SEC. 3. (a) All persons shall be entitled, without dis- 4 crimination or segregation on account of ra ce, color, religion, 5 or national 01igin, to the full and equal enjoyment of the 6 goods, services, facilities, privileges,· advantages, and accom- 7 modations of the following public establishments: 8 ( 1) any hotel, motel, or other public place engaged 9 in furnishing lodging to transient guests, including guests 10 from other States or traveling in interstate commerc~; 11 ( 2 ) any motion picture house, theater, sports a.rena, 12 stadium, exhibition hall, or other public place of amuse-· 13 ment or entertainment which customarily presents m6- 14 tion pictures, performing groups, athletic teams, exhibi- 15 tions, or other sources of entertainment which move in 16 interstate commerce; and 17 ( 3 ) any retaa shop, department store, market, 18 drugstore, gasoline sta tion, or other public place which 19 keeps goods· for sale, any restaurant, lunchroom, lunch· 20 counter, soda fountain, or other public place engaged in 21 selling food for consumption on the premises, and any 22 other establishment ·where goods, services, facilities 1 J.. 20- 104- 2 �G 1 privileges, advan.ta,ges, or accommodations aTe held oU:t 2 to the public for sale, use, rent, or hire, if- 3- (i) the goods, services, facilities, privileges, 4 advantages, or accommodations offered by any such 5 pla.ce or establishment are provid.ed to a ·substantial 6 degree to interstate travelers, 7 (ii)' a substantial portion of any goods held out 8 to the public by any such place or ;establishment 9 for sale, use, rent, or hire ha.s moved in intersta.te 10 commerce, 11 (iii) the activities or operations of such place 12 or establishment otherwise substantiall5 · affect iJ.1- 1_3 terstate travel or the _interstate n~ovenwnt of goods · 14 ·· in commerce, or 15 (iv) such place or establishment is an integral 16 part of an establishment inoludecl under this subJ 17 section. 18 For tlie purpose of this su.b.-ection, the term "integral part" 19 means physically located 011 the premis.es occupied by an 20 establishment, or located contiguous to such premises and 21 owned, operated, or controlled, directly or indirectly, by 22 or for the benefit of, or leased from the persons or business 23 entities which own, operate or control a11 esta,blishm nt. 24 (b) The provisions of this Act shall not apply to a 25 bona fide private cluh or other establisbn1ent not open to �7 1 the public, except to the extent that the facilities of such 2 · establishment are made available to the customers 01; pafrons 3 of an establishment v,~thin the sc-·ope of subsection (a). 4 PROHIBITION AGAINS'r DE NI AL OF OR I NTERFERENCE vVITH 5 THE RIGHT TO NOND'ISORIMIN ATION 6 Srio. 4. No person, wheth er acting nncler color of la.w 7 or ·oth er wise. shall (n) wit.l1hol<l , deny: or attempt to with- s hold or deny, or deprive or attempt to deprive, any person 9 of a.ny right or privilege secured by section 3) or (b) inter- 10 fere or attempt to interfere Virith ai1y right or privilege l l · secured by section 3, or ( c ) intimidate, threaten, or coerce 12 · any per.·01i witlY a purpose of inteif ei·ing ,v1th any right or 13 · privilege seCLtrecl by section 3, or ( d) puni sh or at.tempt to 14 puni .·h any person--for exei'cising or attempting to exerci se 15 any right or privil ege secured by secti on 3, or ( e) incite or 16 aid or abet any person to do any of the foregoing. 17 18 OJ.VIL A CTIOr FOR PREVENTIVE RELJEF SEO. 5. ( a.) vVhenever any person ha s engaged or 19 there a.re reasonable gTotu1ds to beli eve that any person is 20 abon t to engage in any act or practice prohibited by section 21 4 , a civil action for preventive relief, including an a.pplication 22 for a permanent or temporary injunction , restraining order , 23 or other order, may be instituted 24 aggrieved, or ( 2 ) by the A ttorney General for or in the 25 name of the United States ( 1 ) by the person i.f' he certifies that he has received �8 1 a, written complaint from the person aggrieYed and that in 2 his judgment (i) the person aggTieved is unable 'to initiate 3 and maintain appropriate legal proceedings and (ii) the 4 purposes of this Act ·will be materially furthered by the 5 filing of a.n action. 6 (b) In any action commenced pursuant to this Act by 7 the person aggrieved, he shall if he prevails, be allowed a, 8 reasonable attorney's fee as part of the costs. 9 ( c) A person shall be deemed unable to initiate and 10 inaintain appropriate legal proceedings within the meaning of 11 subsection (a ) of this section when such person is unable, 12 either clirectly or through other interested persons or organi- 13 zations, to bear the expense of the litigation or to obtain 14 effective legal representation ; or when there is reason to be- 15 lieve that the institution of such litigntion by him would 16 jeopardize the employment or economic standing of, or might 17 result in injury or economic damage to, such person, his 18 family, or his property. 19 (cl) In case of any complaint received by the Attorney 20 General alleging a violation of section 4 in any jurisdiction 21 where State or local laws or regulations appear to him to 22 forbid the act or practice involved, the Attorney General 23 shall notify the appropriate State and local o·fficials and, 24 upon request, afford them a reasonable time to act under 25 such State or local laws or regulations before he institutes an �9 1 action. 2 be required if the Att01ney General shall file with the court 3 a certificate that the delay consequent upon such compliance 4 in the particular case would adversely affect the interests of 5 the U nited States, or that, in the particular case, compliance 6 ,vould be f1uitless. 7 Oompfomce with the foregoing sentence shall nou ( e ) In any case of i complaint received by the Attor- 8 ney General, inclucfu1g a case within the scope of subsection 9 (cl) , the A ttorney General shall, before instituting an action, 10 utilize the services of any Federal agency or instrumentality 11 which may be available to attempt to secure compliance with 12 . ection 4 by voluntary procedures, if in his judgment such 13 procednres are likely to be effective in the circumstances. 1-± .JU RISDICTION 15 SEC. 6. (a ) The di strict courts of the UnitBcl States J6 shall have jurisdiction of proceedings in. titutecl pursuant to 17 this .Act and sha ll exercise the same without regard to 18 whether the aggrieved party shall have exhausted any ad- 19 ministn1tive or other remedies that may be provided by la,v. 20 (h ) Thi s Act shall not preclude any individual or any 21 State or local a,gency from pursuing any remedy that may 22 be :wailahle uuder any ]fe deral or State law, including any 23 State statute or ordinance requi ring nondiscrimination m 24 public establishments or accommodations. � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document [COMMITTEE PRINT] June 20, 1963 PRINTED FOR THE USE OF THE COMMITTEE ON To ooo Go co 10 COMMERCE 88ru CONGRESS << ist Session S [ y a 5 pe @ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES JUNE , 1963 te By introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on Commerce A BILL eliminate discrimination in public accommodations affecting interstate Commerce. Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa- tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That this Act may be cited as the “Interstate Public Accom- modations Act of 1963.” FINDINGS Sno. 2. (a) The American people have become increas- ingly mobile during the last generation, and millions of American citizens travel each year from State to State by rail, air, bus, automobile, and other means. A substantial number of such travelers are members of minority racial J. 20-104——1 bo >a oO -&- W co oO +1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24. 2 and religious groups. These citizens, particularly Negroes, are subjected in many places to discrimination and segrega- tion, and they are frequently unable to obtain the goods and services available to other interstate travelers. (b) Negroes and members of other minority groups who travel interstate are frequently unable to obtain adequate lodging accommodations during their travels, with the result that they may be compelled to stay at hotels or motels of poor and inferior quality, travel great distances from their normal routes to find adequate accommodations, or make detailed arrangements for lodging far in advance of scheduled interstate travel. (c) Negroes and members of other minority groups who travel interstate are frequently unable to obtain adequate food service at convenient places along their routes, with the result that many are dissuaded from traveling interstate, while others must travel considerable distances from their intended routes in order to obtain adequate food service. (d) Goods, services, and persons in the amusement and entertainment industries commonly move in interstate com- merce, and the entire American people benefit from the in- creased cultural and recreational opportunities afforded thereby. Practices of audience discrimination and segrega- tion artificially restrict the number of persons to whom the interstate amusement and entertainment industries may offer ao FF WwW WD ao 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24. 25 3 their goods and services. The burdens imposed on inter- state commerce by such practices and the obstructions to the free flow of commerce which result therefrom are serious and substantial. (e) Retail establishments in all States of the Union purchase a wide variety and a large volume of goods from business concerns located in other States and in foreign nations. Discriminatory practices in such establishments, which in some instances have led to the withholding of patronage by those affected by such practices, inhibit and re- strict the normal distribution of goods in the interstate market. (f) Fraternal, religious, scientific, and other organiza- tions engaged in interstate operations are frequently dissuaded from holding conventions in cities which they would other- wise select because the public facilities in such cities are either not open to all members of racial or religious minority groups or are available only on a segregated basis. (g) Business organizations are frequently hampered m obtaining the services of skilled workers and persons in the professions who are likely to encounter discrimination based on race, ereed, color, or national origin in restaurants, retail stores, and places of amusement in the area where their services are needed. Business organizations which seck to avoid subjecting their employees to such discrimimation and an om FF WO DW eo oO =A 10 11 12 13 14 4 to avoid the strife resulting therefrom are restricted in the choice of location for their offices and plants. Such dis- crimination thus reduces the mobility of the national labor force and prevents the most effective allocation of national resources, including the interstate movement of industries, particularly in some of the areas of the Nation most in need of industrial and commercial expansion and development. (h) The discriminatory practices described above are in all cases encouraged, fostered, or tolerated in some degree by the governmental authorities of the States in which they occur, which license or protect the busimesses involved by means of laws and ordinances and the activities of their executive and judicial officers. Such discriminatory prac- tices, particularly when their cumulative effect throughout the Nation is considered, take on the character of action by the States and therefore fall within the ambit of the equal protection clause of the fourteenth amendment to the Con- stitution of the United States. (i) The burdens on and obstructions to commerce which are deseribed above can best be removed by invoking the powers of Congress under the fourteenth amendment and the commerce clause of the Constitution of the United States to prohibit discrimination based on race, color, religion, or national origin in certain public establishments,  Da Oo FB WOW DO 10 11 ~ o RIGHT TO NONDISCRIMINATION IN PLACES OF PUBLIC ACCOMMODATION Src. 3. (a) All persons shall be entitled, without dis- crimination or segregation on account of race, color, religion, or national origin, to the full and equal enjoyment of the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, and accom- modations of the following public establishments: (1) any hotel, motel, or other public place engaged in furnishing lodging to transient guests, including guests from other States or traveling in interstate commerce; (2) any motion picture house, theater, sports arena, stadium, exhibition hall, or other public place of amuse- ment or entertainment which customarily presents mo- tion pictures, performing groups, athletic teams, exhibi- tions, or other sources of entertainment which move in interstate commerce; and (3) any retail shop, department store, market, drugstore, gasoline station, or other public place which keeps goods for sale, any restaurant, lunchroom, lunch counter, soda fountain, or other public place engaged in selling food for consumption on the premises, and any other establishment where goods, services, facilities, J. 20-104-——2 m oF BD = oO a o wo A 10 ct 12 13 14 15 16 ve 18 19 20 21 22 23 25 6 privileges, advantages, or accommodations are held out to the public for sale, use, rent, or hire, if— (i) the goods, services, facilities, privileges, advantages, or accommodations offered by any such place or establishment are provided to a substantial degree to interstate travelers, (ii) a substantial portion of any goods held out to the public by any such place or establishment for sale, use, rent, or hire has moved in interstate commerce, (iii) the activities or operations of such place or establishment otherwise substantially affect in- terstate travel or the interstate movement of goods in commerce, or (iv) such place or establishment is an integral part of an establishment included under this sub- section. For the purpose of this subsection, the term “integral part” means physically located on the premises occupied by an establishment, or located contiguous to such premises and owned, operated, or controlled, directly or indirectly, by or for the benefit of, or leased from the persons or business entities which own, operate or control an establishment. (b) The provisions of this Act shall not apply to a bona fide private club or other establishment not open to a ms win or 10 iT 12 13 14 i: the public, except to the extent that the facilities of such establishment are made available to the customers or patrons of an establishment within the scope of subsection (a). PROHIBITION AGAINST DENIAL OF OR INTERFERENCE WITH THE RIGHT TO NONDISCRIMINATION Sec. 4. No person, whether acting under color of law - or otherwise. shall (a) withhold, deny. or attempt to with- hold or deny, or deprive or attempt to deprive, any person of any right or privilege secured by section 3, or (b) inter- fere or attempt to interfere with any right or privilege secured by section 3, or (c) intimidate, threaten, or coerce any person with a purpose of interfermg with any right or privilege secured by section 3, or (d) punish or attempt to punish any person for exercising or attempting to exercise any right or privilege secured by section 3, or (e) incite or aid or abet any person to do any of the foregoing. CIVIL ACTION FOR PREVENTIVE RELIEF Sec. 5. (a) Whenever any person has engaged or there are reasonable grounds to believe that any person is about to engage in any act or practice prohibited by section 4, a civil action for preventive relief, includmg an application for a permanent or temporary injunction, restraining order, or other order, may be instituted (1) by the person aggrieved, or (2) by the Attorney General for or in the name of the United States if he certifies that he has received So i) 10 11 13 14. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22, 23 24 25 8 a written complaint from the person aggrieved and that in his judgment (i) the person aggrieved is unable to initiate and maintain appropriate legal proceedings and (ii) the purposes of this Act will be materially furthered by the filmg of an action. (b) In any action commenced pursuant to this Act by the person aggrieved, he shall if he prevails, be allowed a reasonable attorney’s fee as part of the costs. (c) A person shall be deemed unable to initiate and maintain appropriate legal proceedings within the meaning of subsection (a) of this section when such person is unable, either directly or through other interested persons or organi- zations, to bear the expense of the litigation or to obtain effective legal representation; or when there is reason to be- lieve that the institution of such litigation by him would jeopardize the employment or economic standing of, or might result in injury or economic damage to, such person, his family, or his property. (d) In case of any complaint received by the Attorney General alleging a violation of section 4 in any jurisdiction where State or local laws or regulations appear to him to forbid the act or practice involved, the Attorney General shall notify the appropriate State and local officials and, upon request, afford them a reasonable time to act under such State or local laws or regulations before he institutes an m ow bb on 9 action. Compliance with the foregoing sentence shall not be required if the Attorney General shall file with the court a certificate that the delay consequent upon such compliance in the particular case would adversely affect the interests of the United States, or that, in the particular case, compliance would be fruitless. (e) In any case of a complaint received by the Attor- ney General, including a case within the scope of subsection (d) , the Attorney General shall, before instituting an action, utilize the services of any Federal agency or instrumentality which may be available to attempt to secure compliance with section 4 by voluntary procedures, if in his judgment such procedures are likely to be effective in the circumstances. JURISDICTION Sec. 6. (a) The district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction of proceedings instituted pursuant to this Act and shall exercise the same without regard to whether the aggrieved party shall have exhausted any ad- ministrative or other remedies that may be provided by law. (b) This Act shall not preclude any individual or any State or local agency from pursuing any remedy that may he available under any Federal or State law, including any State statute or ordinance requiring nondiscrimination in public establishments or accommodations.  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 46 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/485f19413886e67b4dc1868677128084.pdf d8816b30e1948847e7040e10b961150d Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - AP~ENDIX The letter follows: The Job of Ending Job Discriminatio ECONOIIIIC Am ANAI,YZED: U .S. Goons AND SERVICES ACCOUNT FOR 90 P ERCENT, BELL EXTENSION OF R EMARKS SAYS To the EDITOR OF THE NEW y ORK TIMES : Some of your readers might have dra Incorrect inferences from figures you pu Usbed in section IV of your J uly 21 edit! regarding the rela tionship of economic t o the b alance of p a yments ot the Un S tates. You showed " economic a id" as a debit in the U.S. b ala nce of p ayments for 1962 a mounting to $3.5 billion- In a year in which the total deficit was $2.3 billion. An unwary r eader could easily h ave dra wn t he Inference t h at all we need to d o to remove the defic it would be to cut " economic aid" by $2.3 blllion. Such a n act ion would or course be ineffect ive. "Economic aid" as shown in your fig ures Includes ·t he outflow of surplus agricult ural commodities under Publ!c La w 480 ( about $1.3 billion in 1962), plus the outflow of goods and services-and dollars-financed by loans a nd grants und er our f oreign aid. With the policies tha t a re now in effect, m ore than 90 percent of total "economic aid" r epresents U .S . goods and ser vlces--not dollar outflow. Under these circumstances, a cut 1n congressional a ppropriat ions would principally r educe U.S. exports--wlt hout affect ing the b ala nce -of-payments d eficit substantially. EFFECT OF CUTS ON EXPORTS Recognizing the difficulty of estimating precisely t he effects of a change in a single f actor in the b alance of p a ymen ts, it ca n be said as a rough a pproxima t ion tha t a ·m eb illlon-dollar cut in " econom ic aid" would r educe U .S . exports b y $900 million a nd t h e d eficit 1n t he b alance of payments b y $100 million. (It t he h yp oth etical cut wer e as sumed to affect what Is ordinarily called foreign aid-and not to affect Public Law 480 and the Export-Import Bank-the proportions would be about $800 m1111on reduction In U .S . exports, and $200 million In the U .S. balance-of-paymen ts deficit. ) The conclusion Is clear. Under present p ol!cles, with economic and mlllta.ry assistance to other countries almost entirely taking the form of U.S. goods and ser vices, a lmost no gain to the balance-of-p ayments deficit can be achieved by reducing our foreign aid programs. Moreover, a foreign aid cut made on the mistaken assumption it would have a major impact on our payments deficit would instead serve chiefly to reduce U.S.-produced goods and services purchased for use abroad. I should also like to point out the positive gains to the United States from the establishment of progressive, growing economies abroad-which Is the main purposes of our economic assistance. U.S. exports to the Marshall Plan countries more than doubled from 1953 to 1962. Our exports to Japan more than tripled from 1950 to 1962. In many ot the countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America, where our economic aid goes today, aid-financed u.s. exports are finding acceptance and be- OF HON. WILLIAM FITTS RYAN OF NEW YORK IN THE HOUSE OF R EPRESENTATIVES T hursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. RYAN of New York. Mr. Speaker, the elimina tion of discrimina tion in employment is crucial to the civil rights battle. Until .t here is equality of job opportunity for all our citizens, full equality cannot be r ealized. A m a jor barrier has been discrimination in the apprenticeship progr a ms for skilled jobs. The worker of the future m ust be a skilled worker, and the Negro has been hurt in his search for a job because he is often, too often, unskilled. John F . H enning, Under Secretary of Labor and Manpower Administrator f or the Depa rtment of Labor has written a searching statemen t of the problems facing Government apprenticeship programs which appeared in the July 1963 issue of the American Federa tionist, the official m onthly of the AFL-CIO. I wish to bring his article to the a tten tion of my colleagues: E XPA.NDING APPRENTICESHIP FOR ALL AMERICANS (By J ohn F . Henning ) American Negro demands for fair employm ent h ave turned sharply to a precise area of dlspute : a pprenticeship train ing. T he new emp h asis is h ardly su rpris ing. Skilled journeymen a re t he Income elite of manual lab or . They look to a br igh tening future. All responsible projection s of U.S. la b or f or ce n eeds cite the continuing ca.JI for skilled labor and the d eclining p roportions of unskilled wor k . Back In 1957 the U .S. D.!lp artment of Labor issued Its now historic projections of t h e la bor force reqUlrements of the 1960's. The stu dy estimated that in 1970 America w!ll need 42 p er cent more professional and technical workers than in 1960, 24 p ercent more sales and ser vice p ersonn el, 22 p er cent more skilled workers, and 18 percent more semiskilled. The p ercentage of the unskilled will be down . T he prophecy presu mes a f ull employment economy In 1970. Without ec·onomic growth, both sldlled and unskllled will suffer. But not ali ke . For example, d uring the past 5 years, the national unemployment rate has approximated a disturbingly high 5.6 . percent, but 1n this p er iod the jobless rate among the unsk!lled has been at least twice that of the skilled . Whatever the course of the economy, the days of the unskilled a ppear numbered. Long ago Benjamin Franklln observed that he who hath a trade hath an estate. The d!fflculty is that he who rath a trade usually hath a white skin. As in Franklin's time, the one certain road to journeyman training ls the apprenticeship system. To some the road seems a narrow, twisted trail, bordered by b igotry and prlvllege. Whatever Its hazards, more than 150,000 young Americans today are found In registered apprenticeship programs. The average apprenticeship embraces 4 years of on-the-job training and normally entails 144 hours of related classroom Instruction a year. J coming famillar to consumers--which will enhance our normal commercial export markets in the future as those countries increase their incomes and their International purchasing power. DAVIDE. BELL, Admtninrator, Agency for International Development. A5239 The t ripar t ite forces of la bor, m a n agement, a nd Government sh ape the cha racter of ·apprenticeshlp tra ining. But the sh a pe of t h in gs does not satisfy a ny Amer ica n sensitive to the dem a nds of democracy. Federal responsib!l!t y ca me to apprenticeship with the a dopt ion of t he F itzgerald Act in 1937. The Fit zgerald Act called for F ederal a nd State Government promotion of la bor-ma n agement a pprent icesh ip progra m s. The Government role h as b een noncontroll!ng 1n t h a t actu al on-t he - job tra ining b as b een d irected b y t he employer, usually u n der union-nego tia ted conditions. The Government role h as b een significa nt in t h a t the U .S. Department of La bor and t he severa l State a p prenticeship agencies fix min imum sta nda rds for program r egist ra tion. Registra t ion en t itles apprentices in a pproved progra ms t o employment on Federal publ!c works projects and assures approved programs of t he ser vices of the Labor Dep a r t ment's Bureau of Apprenticeship and Tra ining or the services of the pertinent Sta te a gency. Historically, Federal registration of progra ms h as applied a like -to State sponsored as well as f ederally directed progra ms . Thirty Sta t es m anage their ow n a ppren ticeship agencies. In the r em a ining 20, the Federal Government alone · sponsors a nd guides appr enticeship . ·· Civil rights spokesm en long have h eld t he idea tha t Federal registration should be de- · nied any program stained by e t hnic discrimina tion. AFL-CIO President George Meany agrees . Mea ny b acked a 1961 attempt to write such a d enial int o F ederal law. Meany not ed , however, tha t discrimina t ion 1n a pprenticesh ip ls only p art of total job d iscrimin ation. He urged enactment of n Na tional F air Employment Practices Act with full powers of enfor cement. Bu t t he immediate question Is, What can be realized in the absence of a national FEP law? I n July 196 1, t h en Secretary of Labor Arthur Goldberg announced the Department of Labor would t hereafter req uire the inclusion of a sp ec!flc nondiscrimination statement in all apprenticeship standards of firms handling Gover nment contracts. He further declared a slmillar p rovision wou ld be required in the registration of any new apprenticeship program regardless or Its relationship to Federal works. La bor Department action did not die with the G oldber g pronouncement. The followIng achievements merit attention: I . Within the p ast year, the Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training assigned four minority consultants to the task of opening opportunities to Negroes and other minority peoples. Now located in Washington, New Yor k, Chicago, and San Francisco, they counsel with employers, joint apprenticeship committees and unions on a regional basis to encourage acceptance of qualified minority appl!cants. Additionally, they advise minority groups on apprenticeship fundamentals and admission processes. II. Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz on February 27, 1963, announced the appointment of a National Advisory Committee on Equal Opportunity in Apprenticeship and Training. The Committee consists of 15 members; 4 from management, from la bor, 5 from minority organizations, and 2 from the public. The Advisory Committee held its first meeting In Wa6hlngton on May 14 under the chairm a nship of the Under Secretary of Labor. The committee developed a five-point action program: �.. A5240 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX 1. The establishment of appren ticeship Information centers in cer tain critica l cities throughout the Na tion. 2 . The fost ering of apprenticeship information centers t hrough Sta-te app rent iceship councils wh erever feasible. 3. The creation of research p rograms t o m easure th e present dep th of minority par ticipation In apprenticeship p rogra ms. 4. The Implem en tation of present antidiscrimination p rovisions In apprenticeship programs regist ered with t h e U.S. Dep artm ent of Labor. 6. The con sider ation of preapprent iceship p rograms for t h e training or you ng worker.a not qualified for a dmission to apprenticeship programs. III. The Depart m en t of Lab or, in coopera tion with t h e District of Colum b ia Apprent iceship Counc!I, the District of Columbia Commissioners and sch ool au t h orities, the U .S. Employment Service, labor a nd m an agement, open ed Its first Apprent iceship Information Oonter on June 17 In the Nation's Cap it a l. The In.formation Cen ter, which t h e Dep artment proposes to extend through ou t the Nntlon, offers young apprenticeship appliennts p ersona l and group coun.aolln g , nptlt ude testing, information on educational requirem ents a nd related da ta p ertaining to District apprenticeship program s. I t also offers a n orqerly sys tem or r eferra l to Joint a pprentlcesh lp committees and ser ves a~ a point of contact for unions, employers, and m inority groups. The values of the I nformntlon Center are Intended for all young Am9"lcan s, whatever their race, color, creed, or n at ion al origin. But t he Cen ter should b e of particular value to Negroes a nd ot h er m inorities from wh om t he knowledge of admission procedures a nd req uirem ents often h as b een withheld. IV. Secretary of Labor Wirtz Issued a directive to a ll Joint appren ticeship comm it tees of the Dist r ict of Columbia June 6, 1963, on the discrlmln at!on crisis in the District Jur!sd!dtlon. The Secr etary llst.ed the following requ!rem en ts for-- program s hoping to enjoy Federal reglstra tlon rlgh ts : 1. It apprentices a re not selected by a merit system alone, selections mus t be m ade in a manner that demonstrates equality of opportunity. 2. Waiting lists which reflect previous dis criminatory practices m ust be subjected to wh atever action ls necessary to offset such discrimination . V. President Kennedy on J une 4, 1963, directed the Secretary of Labor to require tha t "admission of young workers to appren ticesh ip programs be on a completely nondiscrimin a tory basis." VI. Following Secretary Wirtz' order of June 11, 1963, the Bureau of Apprenticeship b egan a 50-clty check of Negro a pprpntlcesh!p p articipation In Federal construction projects. The varied a ctivities here cited Indicate t he commit m en t of the Ken nedy administration to equa lt ly of opportunity In ap pren ticeship. The President h eld a nation a l conferen ce With 300 la bor officials a t the White House June 13 In wh ich b e ca lled for the end of Job d iscrimination a t every level of union Jurisdiction. This was one of a number of conferences on civil rights h eld with busin essmen, educators, clergymen, an d lawyers. However, the President noted that genuine equality of opport unity could be meaningful only in a f ull employment economy. National morality and the times will permit nothing less than full job equality, but without full employment this means sh arin g job scarcity regardl ess of r ace, color, creed or n ational origin. Job equality mu.st m ean sharing the bounty, not the scarcity of n ational life. But apprenticeship at its fullest would hardly have the capacity to s olve youth unemployment. The problem is beyond that. August 15 During the calendar year 1962, teen age un- I ndians p articipat ing _in California apprenemployment averaged 13 percent aga.lnst an ticeship programs as again.st 150 Negroes. overall n ation al figure of -5.6 percent. Dur- Mexican-Americans munbered 5.21, Japaneseing 1962 t h e a verage teen age u nemployment Americans 31 and Chinese-Americans 18. total was 816,000 workers. · The find ings suggest that Negroes n umbe1' Between 1957 and 1962 the total number just a bit more than 2 percent of Califorof r egistered apprentices In tra ining aver - nia 's apprentices. In the Federal census of. 1960, Negroes form ed "5.8 percent of the total aged 160,000. Appren tices In t rain ing today average only State p opulation and 4.7 percen t ot the 3 percent of the 6,077,000 teen age workers St ate"s m a le labor force. In the U.S. labor force. Of t h e teenage total, The State committee d a ta on minority 3,017,000 are male. r epresen tation among journeymen certified T he apprenticeship solu t ion assumes even in 1955 also are revealing. less prom ise when pictured against a 50A one-fourth r eturn of inquiries pegged percent mortalit y r ate. The consis t en t n a- ' Negro p articipation at 1.6 p ercen t. · t ional experience suggests that only o~e-hal! The journeymen survey indicates the reof those n ow in t ra ining will know ourney- warding n ature of skilled employmen t . m an status. Seventy-two p ercent of t he graduate a pprenThe propor tionate place of apprenticeship t ices wer e earning $7,000 or m ore a year, m u st also b e seen in t h e perspective of the while 52.4 percent wer e earnin g over $8,000 awesome burdens the America n economy will p er annum. On ly 11.2 p ercent were earning confront in the 1960's. less than $6,000 p er year . T h e U.S. Department of Labor tells tha t Ninety p ercent were enjoyin g full employt h e economy 1nu st provide 34.6 million n ew m ent on a yearly b asis. jobs I n ·t h e 1960'a to m n Lch Lbe demn uda or 8otb ourvoyo confirm 1.be ol<lllcd ll\bor population growth and tech nological change. problem .of t he Negro. But the totals do not The labor force will realize a net increase necessarlly prove d iscrim in ation. For exof 12.6 m!lllon throu gh population expan- ample, in certain survey areas Negroes had EJl n . --rh..la l nvo l veu LU1 lnc r o uiJl! o r 2 0 xnurn.rol'y , If ovor, u,p pll d. ! or upprontloonb.lp ltd • lion ·young workers. Death a n d the r etir e- mission . The f allure could r epresent either ment of old er workers will determine the resigna tion to bias or the absence of trainin g q u alifications. 12.5 million net figure. The t echnological impact will be great er . Tradition ally, Negroes h ave been the p arThe Labor Dep artment estimates t h e annu al t icular victim s - of h ast y and frequently 1.nrate of productivity Increase will be about dlfferen t counseling in the high school sys3 p ercent t hrou gh out the 1960's. This means tem s. In California's soaring school p oput h e output per m an-bout wm jump abou t lation , a senior student Is f ort unate If h e 3 p ercen t each year . The job displacemen t receives 1 hour of personal counselin g in statist ics b ecome frightening wh en t he 3 h is final year. This obtains .for any st udent percent produ ctivity r ate Is a pplied to an wha t ever bis r ace or s kin. The n a tional annual aver age employment figure o! 74 m il- practice Is scarcely d!Jierent. Each year thou.san ds of young America.us lion workers. F or t he 1960's this m eans t h e economy m u st provide 2.2 million new Jobs emerge fr om the secondary schools without each year to care for technological progress. any sen se of occupational d irection . A deThe decade's d em and wlJI be 22 million Jobs. qua t e h igh school counseling would be of The statis tics are germ ane because ap- p articular ben efit to t h e children of Negro prenticeship, unUke voca,t!onal education , a l- families recen tly rem oved f rom the agrarian ways h as been a job-related t raining sys- Sout h . These young p eople suffer t he same tem. Un less employers determine to hire lack of skilled labor tradition as did most of apprentices there ls no appren ticeshi p sys- the 19t h century European !.fumigrants who tem. Further , u nion.a relate the number of poured Into America searching for f reedom admitted a pprentices to the number of em - and opp ortu nity. Bu t wh ere immigrant Europeans could ployed journeymen . Given f ull em ploymen t , apprentice.ship seek manu al labor ln coal and steel and maritime employment, today's young Negro could come to its greatI\_ess. But at this h our, the immedia te cnsls f aces a labor m arket In wh ich there is little of a ppr enticeship discrimination plagues the f u ture for the unskllled . Not only because of d iscrimination but national conscience and cries for action . The Kennedy a dministration reforms must also b ecau se of lack of skills, Negro unemsu cceed. There Is hope and preeecten t in ployment is consistently tWice t he overall national average. In t h e calendar year 1962 the experience o! California . Four years a go Gov. Edmund G . Brown t h e rate of unemployment among Negroes n am ed appren t icesh ip bigotry a special was 11 percent against a n ation al average evil a nd called for r emedies. Adopt ion of 6.6 p er cent. Negroes rep resent 11 percent of a ll American workers but represent 22 of an FEP law In 1959 h elped greatly but was not q uite enough . The subtleties of p ercent of all unemployed. As indicated earlier, economic growth is apprenticeship bias often escape FEP enthe first requisite of f ull employment in the forcement. California's pla n h as won n ational praise. 1960's, the full employment that will give It feat u res (1) statewide and local commit- Job opportunity to a ll Americans. Economic growth, however, Will n ot find t ees on appren t icesblp opportunities for memb ers of minority grou ps; (2 ) local ap- employment for the unskilled . America n eeds an active labor market prentice Information cen ters for m aking vit al data a va ilable to high-sch ool stud en ts p olicy t o accompany the fiscal a.nd monetary policies of growth. An active labor and graduates. The statewide opp ortunities committee market policy would directly answer the was fou n d ed In 1960. It is comprised, like training n eeds of the U.S. labor force. The the Nat ional Advisory Committee, of labor, rate of unemployment among un.skllled man agem ent and m inorit y group represen- workers In t h e calendar year 1962 was 12 tatives and Includes Government spokesmen. percen t aga.l.nst the national average of 5.6 The California committee last year devel- p ercent. An active labor market policy also would oped t wo precedent-smashing surveys of the end racial and ethnic d iscriminat ion in emdepth of discrimination . The Initial study approached the ethnic p loymen t . But it would do more than that. It would identity of the more than 20,000 apprentices receiving training In CaUfornia. The sec- also achieve these ambitions: 1. An updated labor market in.formation ond Involved an ethnic sampling of journeym en who completed their apprentice Q'ain- service for workers a.nd employers. ing In 1955. 2 . An employment service warning sysThe first survey, based on a one-t.hird re- tem for Impending techn ological changes t urn of questionnaires, revealed the star- a.nd other changes causing serious job distling evidence that t here were 283 American placement. �1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - 3 . An effective informational service for career guidance and counseling. 4. An educat ional system, vocational as well as academic, wh1ch would answer curr ent and upcoming manpower n eeds. 5. An exp a nded a pprenticesWp training program. 6. An Improved system of j ob placem ent services. 7. A program f or aiding the mob ll!ty of workers. In summary, !t is obvious that Negro d is cr!m!nat!on in appr ent iceship has !ts unique and general fea tures. The Negro suffers b ecause of h is skin. Bu t h e suffers also be ca use he often ls an u nskilled worker in a n economy whtch h as lim!ted place f or the unskllled. Finally, h e suffers b ecau se he is a worker !n a society wh ich h as not yet found the wa y to full employmen t . The Issue of employment discrimin ation is not peculiar to a pprenticesh ip . It will b e found e verywhere, including the b anking, In su rance, and newspa per wor lds. I t will be f ound. in the professions and t h e r eligions of America. Indeed , d iScr!min a tlon is often strongest In sectors of n onunion employment. American la bor mus t p ersist in Its effor ts to realize full employmen t a nd the a bolition of the last measure of job d iscrimina tion. The efforts must reach to t he St a te counc!ls, local counc!ls, a nd local unions. The m atter ls moral . For m ore tha n 100 years la bor h as served as the social conscience of t he Nation. ' Unpurchased and unafra id , It h as led the everlasting struggle t o attain a society In which bread , security, and freedom shall be the right of all American s wh atever their r acial, r el!g!ous, or ethnic ident ity. Labor holds priceless creden tials of sacrifice and struggle. I t must use these c redentials n ow as mortal conflict shakes t he Nation. The h onor and duty of leadership r est wi t h t he trade union movement. Diplomatic Relations With a Quisling -EXTENSION OF REMARKS or HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI 0 11' ILLINOIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES T hursday, August 15, 1963 . Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. S peaker, one of the proofs of retreat of the appease- ment-minded dreamers of the New Frontier is their h andling of the Soviet imposed Eastern European Red governments. The St. Louis Globe-Democrat, in an editorial on Monday, August 12, very concisely discusses our rela tions with Hungary, and under unanimous consent , I insert it into the R ECORD at this point : DIPL OMATIC R ELATIONS WITH A QUISLING As was widely predicted, t h e Un ited S tates is seeking to resume fu ll d1plomat!c relat ions with the H ungarian r egime. R eaders will recall that d1plomatlc ties were curtailed during the 1956 revolution against Soviet control. · T he loss of that revolution yoked the H un garians with a quisling regime run by the traitor, Janos Kadar, the lia ison man with the Soviet tank commnnders who decimated his people. Doubtless, the new American move w!ll be hailed by those who seek to avoid irritants in our r elations with the Soviets. But what in the name of diplomacy do we have to gain by sending an American minister to APPENDIX excha n ge views with the special toad y of Mr . Khrushchev In Buda pest ? . Ca n a n yone actually b elieve tha t 7 years after the Buda pest bloodba th. the r egim e enscon ced a t the p oint of victorious Ru ssia n b a yonets Is now the legit imate r epresentative of t he H ungarian people? If this America n palliative to the touchy soviet sens!b!lit!es over their wret ched r ole in Eastern Europe Is t o be typica l of ou r moves t o ease tensions, we would prefer to r etu r n to t he cold war . The Legacy of Project Mercury EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. CHARLES H. WILSON OF CAL IFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 CHARLES H. WILSON. Mr. Speaker, one of the companies actively engaged in the conquest of space is the Garrett Corp. of Los Angeles. This company employs more than 10,000 skilled personnel and produced the important environmental control system (ECS ) for Pr oject Mercury. In the Spring issue of New F r ontiers, a Garrett publication, an article dealing with the aspects of both the Project Mercury program and the Proj ect Gemini progra m bas cau ght my interest. I know many Members of the House are constantly sear ching for more information on the r ace to the Moon, and I t h erefore bring this article to the attent ion of~ colleagues. The article is as follows : Mr. TBE LEGACY OF P ROJECT M ERCU RY (By J ohn W. Bold) He was the last to ~o. Sh epard, Grissom , Glenn , Carp enter, an d Schlrra already had experienced the tense countdown, t h e surge of r ocketing into space, the exhUira tl,Qn of weightlessness and the security of recovery. But Gordon Cooper's 22 -orbit flight was the longest and most precise. ms was, for 29 h ours, a textbook fli ght. But !n the last few hours the NASA-McDonnell t eam used "all the p ages in the b ook." In the last fe w mi n u tes, an electrical problem forced the youngest astonau t to carefully position his s pacecraft, fi re the retro rockets and guide his Fai t h 7 spacecraft down t hrough t he a tmosphere-all by hand. He com pleted his long 34-hour, 600,000-m!le fli gh t wit hout the a id of aut omatic equip m ent. I t was a susp en sef ul ep!logu e to the 4 year saga of Proj ect Mercury. Shepard 's flight was the daring first . Grissom confirmed data and pr ep ared us f or a n orbi tal mission. Ca r penter's took a breathless " month" of m inutes b efore recover y was accompl ish ed in th e At lan t ic. Astrona u t Glenn's was a "real fi reball." Sch lrra. flew t h e first "textbook " fligh t . All six, each !n h is way, con tribu ted new d ata, new d rama. t o t he st6ry of manned space fligh t , t old !n an unprecedented f r ankness by NASA's M(lnncd Spacecraft Center. But now is the t ime for retrospection . The Wgh ly successftU Projec t Mercur y program has ended . During this 5-year p rogram, wh at have we lear ned ? What new t h eories h ave evolved from this Nation's first mann ed space program? What new engineering con cepts wil help us In future spacecr aft d evelopment work? In particular, what have we learned A5241 f r om P roject Mercury that w ill aid us in Pr oject Gemini? An in sight int o the answers to these q u estions can be gained a t Garrett-A!Research , which produ ced the vital environmental control system (ECS ) for Project Mer cury, u nder contra ct to McD.onnell Aircraft Co. It ls now d eveloping a slm!lar system for Project Gexnin!, again un der a McDonnell contract. Both programs are under the tecb n!cal d ir ect ion of NASA's Ma n n ed Sp acecraft Center. Na turally, the experience of both com pa n ies gained in P roject Mercury tran scends into the Gem!ni pr ogra m. "Exper ience ls the b est sch oolmast er, a nd it h as t a u gh t u s a grea t d eal ," r eflects R . C. "Dick" Nelso11 , AiR esearch's progra m m anager for the Project Gem !ni en vironment al con t rol system . "At an ear l y meetin g a t McDonnell," h e r eca lls, " we were a ble to sit down a nd quickly determine and analyze problem areas. Imm ediately we foresaw ch anges in the ECS which would be n ecessar y b eca u se of ch a n ges in the mission profile and wh at we learned from Mercury. "From our point of vtew," Nelson believes. "there 's on e Important · thin g we've learned f rom Mercury. Tha t's a bout the man. He h as shown tha t a well trained 'test p!lot ,' who can t hink and act Is more d esira ble t h a n t h e most sophistica t ed , a u tom atic equip ment yet designed ." "As a result," Nelson continues, "the Gemini environmental cont rol system will h a ve less a utomatic control more xnanual operation. By reducing the complexity of the system we wlll increase rella b!lity. Since t h e Gemini astrona uts will h a ve ' time on t h eir ha.ncis' to think and act durl.n g their 2 week mission, less a u tom ation ls re quired ." (F ollowing Gordon Coop er 's flight, Walter C. W!lJiams, associa te d1rector for NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center, told the p ress that if a m a n were not a board the Faith 7 h e dou b ted 1! It could have reentered and been recovered .) I n P roject Gemini, man's requirements wlll be b asically the same. T hus the f u nct ion of the ECS remains u nchanged- to provide two astrona u ts a safe and comfortable atmosphere f or 2 weeks ln space. The system wlll provide f r esh oxygen, cabin and suit pressurization, thermal control, water m a n agem ent and toxlc gas removal. To accompUsh these functions, the Gemini ECS can be grouped Into the following functions: the loop, or circuit, for suit cooling and p ressurization; the cabin loop for cooling and pressurization; the fr esh oxygen supplypr imary secondary, and emergency egress; t h e water management loop; the coolant loop. The egress oxygen supply ls part of the launch a bort system, slmllar to aircraft t ype ejection seat s . It will be u sed !n Gem ini in lleu of the escap e tower system wh ich wns u sed in Proj ect Mercury. The learning curve which "lifted off th e p ad " With Mercury h as d ictated som e changes in the Gemini system as compared t o Mercury. Nelson llst.s seven areas In which Mercury experience h as resulted !n Impr ovements : 1. Coolan t subsystems and t h ermal regulation. 2. P ressure r egulation. 3. Moisture rem oval. 4. Su it compressors. 5. System geometry and installation. 6. Testin g. 7. R ells bUity. In addi tion , t h e longer mission profile haa r esulted in new concepts in the following areas : 1. Oxygen su pplies. 2. Heat transfer equipment. 3. P ower su pplles. 4. System servicing. 5. Water management. �A5242 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - For oxygen st orage: a different source replaces the high pressure system (7,500 pounds per square inch) used in Mercury. The new source, a supercritical system, will serve as the primary source of oxygen. A high pressure source (5,000 pounds per square inch) wm be secondary. Supercritical storage defies definition In layman's terms. However, it 1s oxygen compactely stor ed in a sta te between a gas and a l!qUld. In orbit the supercritical storage provides enough oxygen with ample r eserve for two men, for 14 days, in the Gemini spacecraft-occupying a minimum of space and weight. During reentry, the high pressure source, which also serves a backup for tt:re supercritical system, will supply the necessary oxygen, pressurization and cool!ng. In Project Mercury, cooling was totally dependent on a cabin and suit heat exchanger boiling water as the coolant. These wa ter boilers were ideal for the weight and short mission of Mercury. In fact, In some instances, water will continue to be used for cooling In Gemini. However, the cooling burden In Project Gemini will f all on sbi: heat exchangers using a recycling oil-type coolant Instead of water. Heat absorbed by the coolant will be radiated Into space instead or boiled off as steam as in Mercury. The constant manual control of the hea t exchangers will also be eliminated. This operatlOJ\, slm1lar to adjusting a home a ir conditioning system, will be replaced by an automatic system with manual . override. This wm eliminate excessive temperatures Incurred before the bolling process stabilized temperatures in the spacecraft-usually before the end of the first orbit. Expulsion of the coolant in Mercury was accomplished in a pressurized tank with a bladder forcing the water out. The Gemini system wm comprise a closed loop unit including four parallel pumps--two In a loop-for more effective coola nt circulation. During each launch the Mercury l!thium hydroxide canister required special attention. Engineers kept an accurate count on the time each cannister was u sed and tested. This way, launch personnel were assured sufficient lithium hydroxide was available !or carbon dioxide removal tor the entire length of the mission. In Gemini, lithium hydroxide will be used again; however, the amount Installed In the re-entry module w111 be more than adequate. _ The water separator, which was a pneumatically operated sponge type, will be replaced by a static type separator with no moving parts. This development is an outgrowth or Garrett's extensive aircra ft air conditioning and pressurization experience. It ellmlnates the possibility or high moisture content (humidity) In the sp acecraft, and with no moving parts, Is more reliable. Sult and cabin compressors will have greater capacity (23 and 88 cubic feet per minute respectively) but wlll require little additional power. Conservation of electrical power has been a design objective throughout the Gemini program. But It Is not a n easy goa l. In Mercury, A!Research d elivered 49 different ECS components to McDonnell where they were assembled. The Gemini system contains 114. However, as Dick Nelson puts it, " we are marrying many of the components here at A1Resear ch ," so that 84 components will be Integrated Into 11 modules. This m arriage, Instigated by McDon n ell, Insures optimized design and better -performance. The other 30 components will be d elivered ind ividually. T he marriage of componen ts into comp atible modules enables t he subsystem to b e quickly divorced from the sp acecraft. Thus, d u rin g t he countdown If a malfunction occurs In a module It can be quickly r emoved and r eplaced. I n fact t h e en t ire Gemini suit m odule ECS can be replaced in 40 minutes. By comparison, In Mercury it required 24 August 15 APPENDIX hours to r emove the carbon dioxide absorption ca nister alone. What is the status of the Gemini environmental control system ? In May, the first m ajor segment -of t h e Gemini environmental control system was shipped to McDonnell, St. Louis for testing. Dick Nelson took personal charge of the shipment. After telephoning several d epartment heads to insure proper p ackaging and shipment, Nelson swung his 6-foot, 6-inch, 220-pound frame around and said, "I feel I'm send ing my first child 011 a trip." Without a doubt, every AiResearcher who h ad nursed the production of teh equipment a long felt t he same way. Today, comprehensive m anned tests are being conducted to prove the operational compatibility of the environmental control system to the man. These tests are being conducted in A!Research, Los Angeles and soon reliablllty and qualificat ion tests will begin in AiResearch's new lab in Torra nce. This new multimillion-dollar facility is replete with clean rooms a nd liigh altitude chambers (capable of simulating 240,000 feet a lt itude). New data acquisition equipment electronically records more than 300 measurements on each test. This equipment enables deta il-conscious engineers to a n a lyze t est d ata In hours when previously it required days, often weeks. The meticulous task of designing, fabricating and testing the Gemini environmental control system Is a carryover from Project Mercury. Much or the technology gained in Project Mercury ECS Is directly applicable to Gemini. As an example, Nelson cites the Gemini testing program: "We are not trying to devise new testing procedures," be said. "E,cperlence enables u s to retain the va.Jld concepts u sed In Mercury and add improvem en ts." "The experience we gained In Mercury has gl ven us confidence In our Gemini work and in systems for the future," says Nelson. And what of the fu t ure ? Our national goal is to la nd a man on the moon. Just as experience galned ..from Project Mercury ls applied to Gemini, so will Project Gemini d ata be applicable to Project Apollo. The Apollo Spacecraft, with an AiResearch environmental control system aboard, will carry three men to the moon. Cost of the Nation's space program rests heavy on the Federa l budget. Today, cost conscious engineers are optimizing the1r design and using their creative ingenuity to minimize development ·costs. Certainly, the carryover experience "from Mercury to Gemini will result In vast savings. Wills.rd E. Wilks, In his new book "The New Wilderness-Wha t We Know About Space" notes that It will require an average of $7 b1lllon a year to accomplish our national space goal. "It Is less than the $7.6 billion Americans spend ~nnually on cigars and cigarettes," be wrote. At first glance the cost of the Nation's space program seems as h1gh as the apogee of Gemini Itself. However, erudite plann1ng on the p art or the Nat ion al Aerona utics and Space Administra tion has kept costs n ominal. Already, nine n ew astronau ts are selected and are ga ining from experiences of the origina l s even. (At a recent Cape Canaveral pre.se conference, astronaut "Deke" Slayton, who is coordinator of Astronaut Activity, quipped to newsmen tha t they preferred to be called the "original" r ather than "old" astronau ts. ) Of the original astronauts Wally Schlrra was assign ed the environm en tal oontrol system as his special assignment. In the n ew grou p, J ohn Young, a Navy pilot, will con centrate on the ECS. But it t.ook one of the " original" sages to place the manned space program in proper perspective. Astrona ut J ohn Glenn said , "But the greatest of all benefits from manned space flight will un dou btedly come from some now-unforeseen discoveries occasioned by man's ability to assess the n ew things he encounters In the unknown." For the present little Is unforeseen or un known. The Nation's space program stands strong, bolstered by legs of ~xperience. Civil Rights by Bishop Andrew Grutka EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. RAY J. MADDEN I OF INDIANA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Speaker, the following are excerpts from a pastoral letter by Bishop Andrew G. Grutka of the Gary, Ind., Catholic diocese. · Bishop Grutka's diocese ·contains the great Calwnet industrial region of Indiana. It is made up of many nationalities, races, and religions. This great cosmopolitan region for over a quarter of a century has been actively making a sincere effort to practice civil rights. Our area is probably more free from racial agitation than any area in the Nation. ~ Religious leaders like Bishop Grutka, business leaders, public officials, and all segments of business have been making a sincere effort to practice civil rights. The following is a news item on Bishop Grutka's message and also an editorial from the Gary (Ind.> Post Tribune commenting on the message : GRUTKA ASSAILS RACE PREJUDICE IN PASTORAL LETI'ER A pastoral letter Issued today by Bishop Andrew G. Grutka of the Gary Catholic diocese brands racial prejudice and Injustice as heinous crimes against God and man. Divided Into three p arts, the letter follows t he theme of rac!al Justice and charity. It explains Christian teaching, areas of cone.e m, and the roles of the church and the Individual in elimina ting racial d iscriminat ion, preJudlc~. and segregation. The bish op wrote that the letter wasn 't fulfillment of an official duty. "It is rather the expression o! a d eep and painfully felt concern for many sorely tried and shrunefully treated members of our community, Negroes In particular." He cited the fact that Negroes a re pooling resources and energies and enduring hardships to get free exercise of human rights and dignities. He urged "right-thinking persons and practicing Christians" to len d Negroes a h and In this effort. Admitting the message offers no simple or easy solution for the elimination of prejudice, discrimination, or segregation , the bishop said It hopes f or a change in attitude and that Christians will follow the m ean"ing of John 18 :34: "A new commandmen t I give you that you love one another." Grutka explains the unity of t he h u man r ace by r eferences to the teachillgs of the story of creation In the Bible, to statements by Pope Plus XXII, Pope John XIII Md to action of t he bishops of the United States in 1958. The equalit y of all m en , the human dignit y of all m en and the honor of all men are cited In h is explanation. He explains how foreign Immigrants, once r ejected, have been asslm1lated In to our society and are not easily recognized as distinct ethnic grou ps. Then, he writes, "Th e Negro is faced with slm llar challenges in h ousing, employment, � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document 1963 The letter follows: Economic Am ANALYZEnD: U.S. oe Severs AccouNT For 90 PERceNr, BELL Ss ree oem en cee ares tially. : EFFECT OF CUTS ON EXPORTS cognizing the difficulty of estimating Prstneny He oHSGta et & Econ 6 aan factor Pe ae payments, it can be said as a rough approximation that a >%ne- billion-dollar cut in “economic aid" would reduce U.S. exports by $900 million and the deficit in the balance of payments by $100 million. (If the hypothetical cut were as- sumed to affect what is ordinarily called foreign aid—and not to affect Public Law 480 and the Export-Import Bank—the pro- portions would be about $800 million reduc-. tion in U.S. exports, and $200 million in the U.S. balance-of-payments deficit.) The conclusion is clear. Under present policies, with economic and military assist- ance to other countries almost entirely tak- ing the form of U.S, goods and services, al- most no gain to the balance-of-payments deficit can be achieved by reducing our foreign aid programs. Moreover, a foreign aid cut made on the mistaken assumption it would have a major impact on our pay- ments deficit would instead serve chiefly to reduce U.S.-produced goods and services purchased for use abroad. I should also like to point out the positive gains to the United States from the estab- lishment of progressive, growing economies abroad—which is the main purposes of our economic assistance. U.S. exports to the Marshall Plan countries more then doubled from 1963 to 1962. Our exports to Japan more than tripled from 1950 to 1962. In many of the countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America, where our economic aid goes today, ald-financed U.S. exports are finding acceptance and be- coming famillar to consumers—which will enhance our normal commercial export mar- kets in the future as those countries increase their Incomes and their international pur- chasing power. Davi E, Bern, Administrator, Agency for International Development. A5239 wane 1 pare forces of labor, management, Government shape the character of ap- ip training. But the shape of satisfy any American sensi- things does not tive to thé demands of democracy. Federationist ‘the official monthly of | the F I wish to bring ae article to the attention of my col EXPANDING hee neta eee a AMERICANS (By John F. Henning) American Negro demands for fair employ- ment have turned sharply to a precise area of dispute: apprenticeship The new emphasis is hardly surprising. Skilled journeymen are the income elite of manual labor. They look to a brightening future. All re ible ns of U.S. labor force needs cite the continuing call for skilled labor and the declining propor- tions of unskilled work. Back in 1957 the U.S, Department of Labor issued its now historic projections of the labor force requirements of the 1960's. The study estimated that in 1970 America will need 42 percent more professional and tech- nical workers than in 1960, 24 percent more sales and service personnel, 22 percent more skilled workers, and 18 percent more semi- skilled. The percentage of the unskilled will be down, The prophecy presumes a full employment economy in 1970. Without economic growth, both skilled and unskilled will suffer. But not alike. For example, during the past 5 years, the national unemployment rate has approximated a disturbingly high 5.5. percent, but in this period the jobless rate among the unskilled has been at least twice that of the skilled. Whatever the course of the economy, the days of the unskilled appear numbered. Long ago Benjamin Franklin observed that he who hath a trade hath an estate. The dif- ficulty is that he who rath a trade usually hath a white skin. As in Franklin's time, the one certain road to journeyman training is the apprenticeship system. To some the road seems a narrow, twisted trail, bordered by bigotry and privi- lege. Whatever its hazards, more than 150,000 young Americans today are found in registered apprenticeship programs, The average apprenticeship embraces 4 years of on-the-job training and normally entails 144 hours of related classroom in- atruction a year. ’ agement apprenticeship p bility came to apprentice- ) with the adoption of the Fitzgerald Act Fitzgerald Act called for Federal and The State Government of labor-man- Tams. The Gov- ‘ernment role has been noncontrolling in that Eee ee has been directed ne : The Governme under union-nego- program entitles apprentices in ap- to employment on Federal public works prolects and assures approved of the services of the Labor De- ‘s Bureau of Apprenticeship and Training or the services of the pertinent 1 . Historically, Federal registra- 5 Igrams has applied alike to State BNoheoked as well as federally directed pro- Thirty States manage their own appren- ticeship agencies. In the remaining 20, the Federal Government alone ‘sponsors’ and guides apprenticeship, Civil rights spokesmen long have held the idea that Federal registration should be de- nied any program stained by ethnic dis- crimination, AFL-CIO President George Meany agrees. Meany backed a 1961 attempt - to write such a denial into Federal law. Meany ance however, that discrimination in apprenticeship is only part of total job discrimination. He urged enactment of a National Fair yment Practices Act with full powers of enforcement. But the immediate question is, What can be realized in the absence of a national FEP law? In July 1961, then Secretary of Labor Arthur Goldberg announced the Department of Labor would thereafter require the in- clusion of a specific nondiscrimination state- ment in all apprenticeship standards of firms handling Government contracts. He further declared a similiar provision would be re- quired in the registration of any new ap- Reta. program regardless of its re- tionship to Federal works. Labor Department action did not die with the Goldberg pronouncement. The follow- ing achievements merit attention: I. Within the past year, the Bureau of Ap- prenticeship and Training assigned four minority consultants to the task of opening opportunities to Negroes and other minority peoples. Now located in Washington, New York, Chicago, and San Francisco, they counsel with employers, Jolnt apprenticeship committees and unions on a regional basis to encourage acceptance of qualified minority applicants. Additionally, they adyise minor- ity groups on apprenticeship fundamentals and admission processes. IL. Secretary of Labor W. Willard Wirtz on February 27, 1963, announced the appoint- ment of a National Advisory Committee on Equal Opportunity in ‘Apprenticeship and Training. The Committee consists of 15 members; 4 from management, from labor, 5 from minorlty organizations, and 2 from the public. The Advisory Committee held its first meet- ing in Washington on May 14 under the chair- manship of the Under Secretary of Labor, The committee developed a flye-polnt action program: A5240 1. The establishment of apprenticeship in- formation centers in certain critical cities throughout the Nation. 2, The fostering of apprenticeship infor- mation centers through State apprenticeship councils wherever feasible. 3. The creation of research programs to measure the present depth of minority par- ticipation in apprenticeship programs. 4. The implementation of present anti- discrimination provisions in apprenticeship programs registered with the U.S. Depart- ment of Labor, 6. The consideration of preapprenticeship programs for the training of young workers not qualified for admission to apprentice- ship programs. Ill. The Department of Labor, in coopera- tion with the District of Columbia Appren- ticeship Council, the District of Columbia Commissioners and school authorities, the U.S. Employment Service, labor and manage- ment, opened its first Apprenticeship Infor- mation Center on June 17 in the Nation's Capital. The Information Center, which the De- partment proposes to extend throughout the Nation, offers young apprenticeship appli- cants personal and group counseling, apti- tude testing, information on educational re- quirements and related data pertaining to District apprenticeship programs. It also offers an orderly system of referral to joint apprenticeship committees and serves as a point of contact for unions, employers, and minority groups. The values of the Information Center are intended for all young Americans, whatever their race, color, creed, or national origin. But the Center should be of particular value to Negroes and other minorities from whom the knowledge of admission procedures and requirements often has been withheld. IV. Secretary of Labor Wirtz issued a di- rective to all jolnt apprenticeship commit- tees of the District of Columbia June 5, 1963, on the discrimination crisis in the District jurisdiction. The Secretary listed the fol- iowing requirements for programs hoping to enjoy Federal registration rights: 1, If apprentices are not selected by a merit system alone, selections must be made in a manner that demonstrates equal- ity of opportunity. 2. Waiting lists which reflect previous dis- criminatory practices must be subjected to whatever action is necessary to offset such discrimination. V. President Kennedy on June 4, 1963, di- rected the Secretary of Labor to require that “admission of young workers to apprentice- ship programs be on a completely nondis- criminatory basis.” VI. Following Secretary Wirtz’ order of June 11, 1963, the Bureau of Apprenticeship began a 50-city check of Negro apprentice- ship participation in Federal construction projects. The varied activities here cited indicate the commitment of the Kennedy adminis- tration to equaltiy of opportunity in ap- prenticeship. The President held a national conference with 300 labor Officials at the White House June 13 in which he called for the end of job discrimination at every level of union jurisdiction. This was one of a number of conferences on civil rights held with busi- neéssmen, educators, clergymen, and lawyers. However, the President noted that genuine equality of opportunity could be meaning- ful only in a full employment economy. National morality and the times will permit nothing less than full job equality, but without full employment this means sharing job scarcity regardless of race, color, ereed or, national origin. Job equality must mean sharing the bounty, not the scarcity of national life. But apprenticeship at its fullest would hardly have the capacity to solve youth unemploymient. ‘The problem is beyond that, CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — APPENDIX During the calendar year. 1962, teenage un- employment averaged 13 percent against an overall national figure of 5.6 percent. Dur- ing 1962 the average teenage unemployment total was 816,000 workers. Between 1957 and 1962 the total number of registered apprentices in training aver- aged 150,000. Apprentices in training today average only 3 percent of the 5,077,000 teenage workers in the U.S. labor force. Of the teenage total, 3,017,000 are male. . The apprenticeship solution assumes even less promise when pictured against a 50- percent mortality rate. The consistent na- tional experience suggests that only one-half of those now in training will know journey- man status. The proportionate place of apprenticeship must also be seen in the perspective of the awesome burdens the American economy will confront in the 1960's. The U.S. Department of Labor tells that the economy must provide 34.5 million new jobs in the 1960's to match the demands of population growth and technological change. The labor force will realize a net increase of 12.5 million through population expan- sion. This Involven tn incretise of 26 mil- lion young workers. Death and the retire- ment of older workers will determine the 12.5 million net figure. The technological impact will be greater. The Labor Department estimates the annual rate of productivity increase will be about 3 percent throughout the 1960's. This means the output per man-hour will jump about 3 percent each year. The job displacement statistics become frightening when the 3 percent productivity rate is applied to an annual average employment figure of 74 mil- lion workers. For the 1960's this means the economy must provide 2.2 million new jobs each year to care for technological progress. The decade's demand will be 22 million Jobs. The statistics are germane because ap- prenticeship, unlike vocational education, al- ways has been a job-related training sys- tem. Unless employers determine to hire apprentices there is no apprenticeship sys- tem. Further, unions relate the number of admitted apprentices to the number of em- ployed journeymen. Given full employment, apprenticeship could come to its greatness. But. at this hour, the immediate crisis of apprenticeship discrimination plagues the national conscience and cries for action, The Kennedy administration reforms must succeed. There is hope and precedent in the experience of California. Four years ago Gov. Edmund G, Brown named apprenticeship bigotry a special evil and called for remedies, Adoption of an FEP law in 1959 helped greatly but Was not quite enough. The subtleties of apprenticeship bias often escape FEP en- forcement. California’s plan has won national praise. It features (1) statewide and local commit- tees on apprenticeship opportunities for members of minority groups; (2) local ap- prentice information centers for making vi- tal data available to high-school students and graduates. The statewide opportunities committee was founded in 1960. It is comprised, like the National Advisory Committee, of labor, Management and minority group represen- tatives and includes Government spokesmen. The California committee Iast year devel- oped two precedent-smashing surveys of the depth of discrimination. The initial study approached the ethnic identity of the more than 20,000 apprentices receiving training in California. The sec- ond involved an ethnic sampling of journey- men who completed their apprentice train- ing in 1955, The first survey, based on a one-third re- turn of questionnaires, revealed the star- tling evidence that there were 283 American August 15 Indians participating in California appren- ticeship programs as against 150 Negroes. Mexican-Americans numbered 521, Japanese- Americans 31 and Chinese-Americans 18. ° The findings suggest that Negroes number just a bit more than 2 percent of Califor- nia's apprentices. In the Federal census of 1960, Negroes formed 5.8 percent of the total State population and 4,7 percent of the State's male labor force. The State committee data on minority representation among journeymen certified in 1955 also are revealing. A one-fourth return of inquiries pegged “Negro participation at 1.5 percent. The journeymen survey indicates the re- warding nature of skilled employment. Seventy-two percent of the graduate appren- tices were earning $7,000 or more a year, while 52.4 percent were earning over $8,000 per annum. Only 11.2 percent were earning less than $6,000 per year. Ninety percent were enjoying full employ- ment on 4 yearly basis. Both surveys confirm the skilled labor problem of the Negro. But the totals do not necessarily prove discrimination. For ex- ample, in certain survey areas Negroes had rarely, 1f ever, applied for apprenticeship Ad- mission. The failure could represent either resignation to bias or the absence of training qualifications. Traditionally, Negroes have been the par- ticular victims-of hasty and frequently in- different counseling in the high school sys- tems. In California’s soaring school popu- lation, a senior student is fortunate if he receives 1 hour of personal counseling in his final year. This obtains for any student whatever his race or skin. The national practice is scarcely different. Each year thousands of young Americans emerge from the secondary schools without any sense of occupational direction. Ade- quate high school counseling would be of particular benefit to the children of Negro families recently removed from the agrarian South, These young people suffer the same lack of skilled labor tradition as did most of the 19th century European immigrants who poured into America searching for freedom and opportunity. But where immigrant Europeans could seek manual labor in coal and steel and maritime employment, today’s young Negro faces a labor market in which there is little future for the unskilled. Not only because of discrimination but also because of lack of skills, Negro unem- ployment is consistently twice the overall national average. In the calendar year 1962 the rate of unemployment among Negroes was 11 percent against a national average of 5.6 percent. Negroes represent 11 percent of all American workers but represent 22 percent of all unemployed. As indicated earlier, economic growth is the first requisite of full employment in the 1960's, the full employment that will give job opportunity to all Americans. Economic growth, however, will not find employment for the unskilled. America neéds an active labor market policy to accompany the fiscal and mone- tary policies of growth. An active labor market policy would directly answer the training needs of the U.S. labor force. The rate of unemployment among unskilled workers in the calendar year 1962 was 12 percent against the national average of 5.6 percent. An active labor market policy also would end racial and ethnic discrimination in em- ployment. But it would do more than that. It would also achieve these ambitions: 1. An updated labor market information service for workers and employers. 2. An employment service warning sys- tem for impending technological changes and other changes causing serious job dis- placement. 1963 $3, An effective informational service for career guidance and counseling. 4. An educational system, vocational as well as academic, which would answer cur- rent and upcoming manpower needs. 5. An expanded apprenticeship training program. 6, An improved system of job placement services. 7. A program for aiding the mobility of workers. In summary, it is obvious that Negro dis- crimination in appreni h and general features. The | suite cause of his skin. But he suffers also be- cause he often is an unskilled worker in an economy which has limited ice for the unskilled. Finally, he suffers because he is a worker in a society which has not yet found the way to full employment. The issue of employment discrimination is not peculiar to apprenticeship. It will be found everywhere, including the bank- ing, insurance, and newspaper worlds. It will be found in the professions and the religions of America. Indeed, discrimina- tion is often strongest in sectors of non- union employment. . American labor must persist in its efforts to realize full employment and the aboli- tion of the last measure of job discrimina- tion. The efforts must reach to the State councils, local councils, and local unions, The matter is moral. For more than 100 years labor has served as the social con- science of the Nation. ' Unpurchased and unafraid, {t has led the everlasting struggle to attain a society in which bread, security, and freedom shall be the right of all Amer- jeans whatever their racial, religious, or ethnic identity, Labor holds priceless credentials of sacri- fice and struggle. It must use these creden- tials now as mortal conflict shakes the Na- tion. The honor and duty of leadership rest with the trade union movement. Diplomatic Relations With a Quisling EXTENSION OF REMARES OF HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI OF ILLINOIS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 . Mr. DERWINSEI. Mr. Speaker, one of the proofs of retreat of the appease- ment-minded dreamers of the New Frontier is their handling of the Soviet- imposed Eastern European Red govern- ments. The St. Louis Globe-Democrat, in an editorial on Monday, August 12, very concisely discusses our relations with Hungary, and under unanimous consent, T insert it into the Recorp at this point: Drrromatic RELATIONS WITH A QUISLING As was widely predicted, the United States is seeking to resume full diplomatic relations with the Hungarian regime. Readers will recall that diplomatic ties were curtailed during the 1956 revolution against Soviet control, The loss of that revolution yoked the Hun- garlans with a quisling regime run by the traitor, Janos Kadar, the liaison man with the Soviet tank commanders who decimated his people. Doubtless, the new American move will be hailed by those who seek to avoid irritants in our relations with the Soviets. But what in the name of diplomacy do we have to gain by sending an American minister to CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — APPENDIX exchange views with the special toady of Mr. Khrushchev in Budapest? Can anyone Reoeny believe that 7 years EDICoaE ND the regime after the Bu ensconced at the } nt t of victorious aman bayonets is now plegiivants: representative of the Hungarian people? If this American palliative to the touchy soviet sensibilties over thelr yret return to the cold war. EXTENSION OF REMARKS | ES H. WILSON OF ‘CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. CHARLES H. WILSON. Mr. Speaker, one of the companies actively engaged in the conquest of space is the Garrett Corp. of Los Angeles. This company employs more than 10,000 skilled personnel and produced the im- portant environmental control system (ECS) for Project Mercury. In the Spring issue of New Frontiers, a Garrett publication, an article dealing with the aspects of both the Project Mercury program and the Project Gem- ini program has caught my interest. I know many Members of the House are constantly searching for more informa- tion on the race to the Moon, and I there- fore bring this article to the attention of my colleagues. The article is as follows; THE LEGACY oF Progecr Mercury (By John W. Bold) He was the last to go. Shepard, Grissom, Glenn, Carpenter, and Schirra already had experienced the tense countdown, the surge of rocketing into space, the exhiliration of weightlessness and the security of recovery. But Gordon Cooper's 22-orbit filght was the longest and most precise. His was, for 29 hours, a textbook flight. But in the last few hours the NASA-McDon- nell team used “all the pages in the book.” In the last few minutes, an electrical problem forced the youngest astonaut to carefully position his spacecraft, fire the retro rockets and guide his Faith 7 spacecraft down through the atmosphere—all by hand. He completed his long 34-hour, 600,000-mile flight without the aid of automatic equip- ment. It was a suspenseful epilogue to the 4 year saga of Project Mercury, Shepard's: flight was the daring first. Grissom confirmed data and prepared us for an orbital mission. Carpenter's took a breathless “month” of minutes before recovery was accomplished in the Atlantic. Astronaut Glenn's was a “real fireball." Schirra flew the first ‘“‘text- book” flight, All six, each in his way, con- tributed new data, mew drama, to the stéry of manned space flight, told in an unprece- dented frankness by NASA's Manned Space- craft Center. But now is the time for retrospection. The highly successful Project Mercury program has ended. During this 5-year program, what have we learned? What new theories have evolved from this Nation’s first manned space program? What new engineering concepts wil help us In future spacecraft development work? In particular, what have we learned A5241 from Project Mercury that will aid us In Project Gemini? An insight into the answers to these ques- tions can be gained at Garrett-AiResearch, which produced the vital environmental con- trol system (ECS) for Project Mercury, under contract to McDonnell Aircraft Co. It is now developing a similar system for Project Gemini, again under a McDonnell contract. Both programs are under the tech- nical direction of NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center. Naturally, the experience of both com- panies gained in Project Mercury transcends L Gemini program. “Experience is the best schoolmaster, and it has taught us a great deal,” reflects R. C. “Dick Ne Al- Research’s program manager for the Project. Gemini environmental control system. “At an early meeting at McDonnell,” he recalls, “we were able to sit down and quickly deter- mine and analyze problem areas. Im- mediately we foresaw changes in the ECS which would be necessary because of changes in the mission profile and what we learned from Mercury. “From our point of view,” Nelson believes, “there's one important thing we've learned from Mercury. That's about the man. He has shown that a well trained ‘test pilot,’ who can think and act is more desirable than the most sophisticated, automatic equipment yet designed.” “AS a result,” Nelson continues, “the Gemini environmental control system will have less automatic control more manual operation. By reducing the complexity of the system we will increase reliability, Since the Gemini astronauts will have ‘time on their hands' to think and act during their 2 week mission, less automation is re- quired.” ; (Following Gordon Cooper's flight, Walter C. Williams, associate director for NASA's Manned Spacecraft Center, told the press that if a man were not aboard the Faith 7 he doubted if it could have reentered and been recovered.) In Project Gemini, man's requirements will be basically the same. Thus the func- tion of the ECS remains unchanged—to pro- vide two astronauts a safe and comfortable atmosphere for 2 weeks in space. The system will provide fresh oxygen, cabin and suit pressurization, thermal control, wa- ter management and toxlec gas removal. To accomplish these functions, the Gemini ECS can be grouped into the following functions: the loop, or circuit, for suit cooling and pres- surization; the cabin loop for cooling and pressurization; the fresh oxygen supply— primary secondary, and emergency egress; the water management loop; the coolant loop. The egress oxygen supply is part of the launch abort system, similar to aircraft type ejection seats. It will be used in Gemini in lieu of the escape tower system which was used in Project Mercury. The learning curve which “lifted off the pad" with Mercury has dictated some changes in the Gemini system as compared to Mer- cury. Nelson lists seven areas in ‘which Mercury experience has resulted in improvements: 1, Coolant subsystems and thermal regula- tion. . Pressure regulation. . Moisture removal. , Built compressors, . System geometry and installation. . Testing, . Rellability- In addition, the longer mission profile haa resulted in new concepts in the following areas: . Oxygen supplies. . Heat transfer equipment. . Power supplies. i . System servicing, ‘ , Water management. A5242 For oxygen storage, a different source re- places the high pressure system (7,500 pounds per square inch) used in Mercury. The new source, a supercritical system, will serve as the primary source of oxygen. A high pressure source (5,000 pounds per square inch) will be secondary. Supercritical stor- age defles definition in layman's terms. How- ever, itis oxygen compactely stored in a state between a gas and a liquid. In orbit the supercritical storage provides enough oxygen with ample reserve for two men, for 14 days, in the Gemini spacecraft—occupying a min- imum of space and weight. During reentry, the high pressure source, which also serves a backup for the supercritical system, will supply the necessary oxygen, pressurization and cooling. In Project Mercury, cooling was totally dependent on a cabin and suit heat ex- changer boiling water as the coolant. These water boilers were ideal for the weight and short mission of Mercury. In fact, in some instances, water will continue to be used for cooling in Gemini. However, the cooling burden in Project Gemini will fall on six heat exchangers using a recycling oll-type coolant instead of water. Heat absorbed by the coolant will be radiated into space instead of boiled off as steam as in Mercury. The constant manual control of the heat exchangers will also be eliminated, This operation, similar to adjusting a home air conditioning system, will be replaced by an automatic system with manual. override. This will eliminate excessive temperatures incurred before the boiling process stabilized temperatures in the spacecraft—usually be- fore the end of the first orbit. Expulsion of the coolant in Mercury was accomplished in a pressurized tank with a bladder forcing the water out. The Gemini system will comprise a closed loop unit in- cluding four parallel pumps—two in a loop— for more effective coolant circulation. During each launch the Mercury lithium hydroxide canister required special atten- ‘tion, Engineers kept an accurate count on the time each cannister was used and tested. This way, launch personnel were assured sufficient lithium hydroxide was available for carbon dioxide removal for the entire length of the mission. In Gemini, lithium hydroxide will be used again; however, the amount installed in the re-entry module will be more than adequate. . The water separator, which was a pneu- Matically operated sponge type, will be re- Placed by a static type separator with no moving parts. This development is an out- growth of Garrett's extensive aircraft air conditioning and pressurization experience. It eliminates the possibility of high moisture content (humidity) in the spacecraft, and with no moving parts, is more reliable. Suit and- cabin compressors will have greater capacity (23 and 88 cubic feet per minute respectively) but will require little additional power. Conservation of electrical power has been a design objective through- out the Gemini program. But it is not an easy goal. In Mercury, AlResearch delivered 49 differ- ent ECS components to McDonnell where they were assembled. The Gemini system contains 114. However, as Dick Nelson puts it, “we are marrying many of the components here at AlResearch,” so that 84 components will he integrated into 11 modules. This marriage, instigated by McDonnell, insures optimized design and better performance. The other 30 components will be delivered individually. The marriage of components into compat- ible modules enables the subsystem to be quickly divorced from the spacecraft. Thus, during the countdown if a malfunction oc- curs In a module it can be quickly removed and replaced. In fact the entire Gemini suit module ECS can be replaced in 40 minutes. By comparison, in Mereury it required 24 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — APPENDIX hours to remove the carbon dioxide absorp- tion canister alone. What is the status of the Gemini environ- mental control system? In May, the first major segment of the Gemini environmental control system was shipped to McDonnell, St. Louis for testing. Dick Nelson took per- sonal charge of the shipment. After tele- phoning several department heads to insure proper packaging and shipment, Nelson swung his 6-foot, 6-inch, 220-pound frame around and said, “I feel I'm sending my first child on a trip.” Without a doubt, every AiResearcher who had nursed the pro- duction of teh equipment along felt the same way. Today, comprehensive manned tests are being conducted to prove the operational compatibility of the environmental control system to the man. These tests are being conducted in AiResearch, Los Angeles and soon reliability and qualification tests will begin in AiResearch’s new lab in Torrance. This new multimillion-dollar facility is re- plete with clean rooms and high altitude chambers (capable of simulating 240,000 feet altitude). New data acquisition equipment electronically records more than 300 meas- urements on each test. This equipment enables detail-conscious engineers to ana- lyze test data in hours when previously it required days, often weeks. The meticulous task of designing, fabri- cating and testing the Gemini environmental control system is a carryover from Project Mercury. Much of the technology gained in Project Mercury ECS is directly applicable to Gemini. As an example, Nelson cites the Gemini testing program: “We are not trying to devise new testing procedures,” he said. “Experience enables us to retain the valid concepts used in Mercury and add improve- ments.” “The experience we gained in Mercury has given us confidence in our Gemini work and in systems for the future," says Nelson. And what of the future? Our national goal is to land a man on the moon. Just as ex- perience gained from Project Mercury is ap- plied to Gemini, so will Project Gemini data be applicable to Project Apollo. The Apollo Spacecraft, with an AiResearch environ- mental control system aboard, will carry three men to the moon. Cost of the Nation's space program rests heavy on the Federal budget. Today, cost conscious engineers are optimizing their de- sign and using their creative ingenuity to minimize development ‘costs. Certainly, the carryover experience from Mercury to Gemi- ni will result in vast savings. Willard E. Wilks, in his new book ‘The New Wilderness—What We Enow About Space" notes that it will require an average of $7 billion a year to accomplish our na- tional space goal. “Tt is less than the $7.5 billion Americans spend annually on cigars and cigarettes,” he wrote. At first glance the cost of the Nation's space program seems as high as the apogee of Gemini itself. However, erudite plan- ning on the part of the National Aeronau- tics and Space Administration has kept costs nominal. Already, nine new astronauts are selected and are gaining from experiences of the ori- ginal seven. (At a recent Cape Canaveral press conference, astronaut “Deke” Slayton, who is coordinator of Astronaut Activity, quipped to-newsmen that they preferred to be called the “original” rather than “old” astronauts.) Of the original astronauts Wai- ly Schirra was assigned the environmental control system as his special assignment. in the new group, John Young, a Navy pilot, will concentrate on the ECS. But it took one of the “original” sages to place the manned space program in proper perspective. Astronaut John Glenn said, “But the greatest of all benefits from manned space flight will undoubtedly come from August 15 some now-unforeseen discoveries occasioned by man's ability to assess the new things he encounters in the unknown.” For the present little is wnforeseen or un- Known. The Nation's space program stands strong, bolstered by legs of experience. Civil Rights by Bishop Andrew Grutka EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. RAY J. MADDEN OF INDIANA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. MADDEN, Mr. Speaker, the fol- lowing are excerpts from a pastoral letter by Bishop Andrew G. Grutka of the Gary, Ind., Catholic diocese. A Bishop Grutka’s diocese contains the great Calumet industrial region of Indi- ana. It is made up of many national- ities, races, and religions. This great cosmopolitan region for over @ quarter of a century has been ac- tively making a sincere effort to practice civil rights. Our area is probably more free from racial agitation than any area in the Nation. : Religious leaders like Bishop Grutka, business leaders, public officials, and all segments of business have been making a sincere effort to practice civil rights. The following is a news item on Bishop Grutka’s message and also an editorial from the Gary (Ind.) Post Trib- une commenting on the message: GrurTka AssaILs RAcE PREJUDICE IN PASTORAL LETTER A pastoral letter issued today by Bishop Andrew G. Grutka of the Gary Catholic dio- cese brands racial prejudice and injustice as heinous crimes against God and man. Divided into three parts, the letter follows the theme of racial Justice and charity, It explains Christian teaching, areas of concern, and the roles of the church and the individ- ual in eliminating racial discrimination, prej- udice, and segregation. The bishop wrote that the letter wasn’t fulfillment of an official duty. ‘It is rather the expression of a deep and painfully felt concern for many sorely tried and shamefully treated members of our community, Negroes in particular.” He cited the fact that Negroes are pooling resources and energies and enduring hard- ships to get free exercise of human rights and dignities. He urged “right-thinking persons and practicing Christians” to lend Negroes a hand in this effort. Admitting the message offers no simple or easy solution for the elimination of prej- udice, discrimination, or segregation, the bishop said it hopes for a change in attitude and that Christians will follow the meaning of John 13:34: “A new commandment I give you that you love one another,” Grutka explains the unity of the human race by references to the teachings of the story of creation in the Bible, to statements by Pope Pius XXII, Fope John XIII and to action of the bishops of the United States in 1958. The equality of all men, the human dignity of all men and the honor of all men are cited In his explanation, He explains how forelgn immigrants, once rejected, have been assimilated into our so- ciety and are not easily recognized as dis- tinct ethnic groups. Then, he writes, “The Negro is faced with similar challenges in housing, employment,  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 45 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/95235b891069c56f4dc63d77984a3918.pdf 55640adc4c02589d85b49457adcc4d0a Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. I . 14026 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE cally h elpful effect on numerous menThe PRESIDING OFFICER. Without' tally ill people. obj ection, it is so ordered. I personally had reservations concernMr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask ing the application of this program on unanimous consent that the n ame of the Indian reservations. But on the same Senator from Vermont [Mr. PROUTY] trip we went into the largest Sioux In- may be added as a cosponsor of S . 1801, dian Reservation, and there we learned to effectuate the provisions of the sixth again how even a few "seedmen" volun- amendment of the U.S . Constitution reteers can, with their good will, inspira- quiting that defendants in criminal cases tion, and enthusiasm, perform-practical be-given' the right to a speedy trial; and measures to help in the almost unbe- S. 1802, to protect the integrity of the lievable poverty, in all departments, on comt and jury functions in criminal Indian reservations. cases, which I introduced on June 26. Our committee, which has dealt with The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without migratory labor problems, has seen over obj ection, it is so ordered. the years how a few volunteers in migraMr. MORSE. Mr. President, although tory labor camps can do so much to b1ing all these bills have been printed, the a bit of needed education to the youngs- n ames of ·the additional · cosponsors will ters--and perhaps even to the adt,llts. be included at the next printing. They· can provide nursery day care for Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the the very young, and assist in state health Senator yield? and sanitation projects also. Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I yield. I hope all Senators will have an opMr. JAVITS. The Senator from Oreportunity to look over the hearing rec- gon has joined me in his bill to prevent ord and note the unanimity of views Federal funds from being utilized for across the country of people with know!- State programs which are segregated. I edge in the field of social problems. would like to say a word on the subject, More than 50 organizations have •enthu- because it is becoming quite a raging lssiastically endorsed the bill. They are sue. I have joined the Senator from all listed in the hearings record and Oregon on his ·bill, just as I joined my on pages 12 to 14 of the committee report. colleague [Mr. KEATING] on his amendIt is significant that those who are most ment to the omnibus civil rights bill knowledgeable in social work have been along these lines, because I feel very most articulate and strong in their en- deeply that the only hope for civil rights dorsement. legislation is in bipartisanship; and I Among the groups, church people are want to do everything I humanly can to prominent. They are hopeful that the demonstrate by act and deed my deep legislation will be passed, and that we feeling on that score. shall be able to spark, through volunNeither side alone has the votes to pass teers, an even greater community re- civil rights legislation. In my opinion, it sponse to severe human needs and prob- is a fact that, in every way open to us, !ems_ we shall need to keep this bipartisan Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the coalition together so that we may ultiSenator yield fmther? mately get somewhere. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. I hope very much-and I know how PROXMIRE in the chair). Does the Sen- the Senator from Oregon feels about this, ator yield? but I am putting it in words-that all Mr. WILLIAMS of New J ersey. I an_i Members on both sides of the aisle will happy to yield. keep very clearly in mind that this is a Mr. JAVITS . I join the Senator in burning issue on the domestic scene-as the sentiments he has expressed. if the burning an issue as is nuclear testing on bill is enacted into law I hope the Presi- the international scene. The only way dent, in considering the appointment of we .are going to get .anyWhere is by keepa Director for the National service ing the goal very clear . Call it nonparCorps, will keep in mind the very excel- · !'tisan or bipartisan , the fact is that lent example of comple. tely nonpartisan neither side alone h as the votes, and we leadership-as high minded as that of must be together on the issue. those who serve-which has. been so Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the heavily responsible, in my opinion, for Senator from New Jersey yield to me a moment? the success of the Peace Corps. I thank my colleague. Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I yield. "-Mr. MORSE. In connection with what CIVIl, RIGHTS-ADDITIONAL - \ ~he Senator from New _York 1:as 58:id, _lt 1s an honor to be associated with hun m COSPONSORS OF BILLS his advocacy of civ11 rights legislation. I Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the know of no peer of the Senator from New enator yield? York in the civil rights legislation field. Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I am But I would have my colleagues take note appy to yield. of the fact that what my bill seeks to acMr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask complish is to prevent the Federal Govanimous consent that the name of the ernmeiit from violating the law. If one Senator from New York [Mr. JAVITSl of us were to ask a Senator to join him may be added as a cosponsor of S . 1665, in an illegal act, the Senator who was to require that all State or local pro- asked would look askance and be horror grams supported with Federal funds 1 strlcken. But Members of this body, shall be administered and executed with- every time they vote for Federal funds out regard to the race or color of the for projects involving segregation, in my participants and beneficiaries, which I opinion, a.re guilty of perpetrating an iiintroduced on June 4. legal act, for 9 years ago the Supreme I August 13 Court declared segregation to be unconstitutional, and therefore illegal. Yet we sit here in the Senate, on bill after bill, and vote millions of dollars of Federal taxpayers to continue an illegality. It is about time that we put Members of the Senate on the spot, and the senior Senator from Oregon intends to ..do it. He intends to go from coast to coast to call the roll of Members of the Senate who continue to vote to expend illegally Federa! taxpayers' money and who continue an unconstitutional act on the part of the Congress. Members will not be asked to vote on this issue program by program, but on the whole broad issue of funds going into segregated programs and a ctivities. This issue is becoming one on which we can no longer do any dillydallying. The issue is whether or not the Congress will keep faith with its right hand when its Members take the oath in this body to uphold the law. We cannot justify the appropriation of moneys for the continuation of Federal projects in which there is segregation. Let the people speak in respect to· the rollcall that will be made in the Morse bill and similar proposals that seek to bring to an end the illegality that now exists in this country and that has characte1ized the treatment of civil rights in Federal programs. As the Senator from New York has heard me say before, the time has come for the white people of Ame1ica to deliver the Constitution of the United States to the colored people of America ; and I do not intend any longer to sit h ere and permit politicians to get by with what they have been getting by for years in the Senate and covering it with the alibi, when they get back home, "It is the best we could do." I will tell Senators what the best we can do is. It is to act in accordance with the law; and the Supreme Court has made perfectl_y clear that segregation is unconstitutional. I · intend to do what I can to take that record across this Republic in the months ahead, before the election of 1964. I do not care whether a Senator is a Republican or a Democrat--he ought to be beaten for reelection in 1964-others will be up for reelection in 1966 and others in 1968-if he does not uphold the law as laid down by the Supreme Court. Mr, JAVITS. Mr. President, if the Senator will yield, I have done precisely t h at, as recen,tly as last Wednesday in connection with the Labor-HEW appropriations bill. The reason I made the comment about bipartisanship is that I had the feeling that Members of Congress, when they vote, have an idea that party loyalty requires them to stand by the administration-it might have happened just as well on our side of the aisle if .our party were in the majority-and that they have to stand by and vote to table this kind of amendment. I think the Senator from Oregon has, with his eloquence and warmth, highlighted what I have tried to do, but which I am delighted to join him in highlighting-the fact that, of all the things done in the racial field, with all the fuel added to the fire, this is the worst. It is incon- l �1963 CON GRESSIONAL RECORD- SENATE l nr workers or duplicate or repla-0e an existin g service in the same locality. The Service Corps will be a means wh ereby the local community can draw on th e knowledge and skills of the entire Nation . But the progr agm is designed so that these trained volunteers will work with a community, in a program developed by th e community it self . A great deal of careful st udy h as gone int o this pr ogram . More than 50 ideas for projects were submitt ed to th e Presiden t 's St udy Gr oup on a National Ser vice Corps by various State and local, p ublic and private . organ izations throughout th e Nation. Twelve of these suggested project s are outlined i.n detail in the h earing recor d. A glance at these projects will show the very practical work t hat corpsmen would be doing. On an Indian reservation, they could act as instructors for self-help housing programs, run nursery schools and clinics; in a h ospit al for the mentally retarded they would h elp regular personnel as teachers aids and recreational aids ; working with migrants, they would give basic education to adults and vocational guidance to the youngsters. I t is important to remember that these projects are n ot the brain children of a bureaucratic planner. They were worked out by men and women of wide experience wh o know the help that trained volunteers can be to them in -t ackling the problems of a community. Mr. President, th ere are many Americans, young and old, wh o are anxious and a ble to h elp our less fortunate citizens. The Corps will draw n ot only upon enthusiasm of our young people, but upon the wisdom and experience of ret ired persons. There ar e a vast number of people both young and old r eady to h elp if given a way. Obviously, 5,000 men and women can n ot solve all the age-old problems of h uman suffering. But their example will h ave an effect far beyon d their number. If every corpsman inspires 10 oth ers to work in th eir own hometowns , or to join the helping professions, the cost of this progr am will have r epaid itself 10 times over . I know that the dedicated work of th e Service Corps volunteers will show that our material success b as not blinded us to the sufferings of oth ers. T his program will be a true expression of the ideals which h ave m ade this Nation great. The proposed legislation has been con sidered as carefully as any measure with which I have been associated. I am sure that Senators are familiar with its genesis and the steps that have been taken in developing the program to the point where it ls now under general debate in the Senate. In first addressing himself to this noble project, the President called upon members of his Cabinet to develop policy for it. The Cabinet members so selected chose from their departments persons of great talent to undertake the staff work that is necessary to insure that the noble idea would not be emotionalized, but would become hard, tough. and practical in its development. That study group, while small in number, w~ uniquely dedicated to this cause. Once created, the st udy group has developed ideas which were embodied in the legislation t hat came t o the Senate. The m easure was r eferred to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, and assigned to the Subcommittee on Migratory Labor for fwt h er legislative action. Mr. J AVITS. Mr. Pr esiden t, will th e Sen ator yield? • • Mr. WILLIAMS of New J ersey. · I yield. Mr. J AVITS. I am a cosponsor of this par ticular m easure. I believe it r epresen ts an effort to translate th e idealism which has been so pr ominent in the Peace Corps and which h as worked so well abroad to the domestic service of t h e United States. I am satisfied, too, th at the scheme which is proposed t o the Congress parallels, as far as is practical, t he successful patt ern evolved in respect of the Peace Corps, which I believe is one of the more successful initia tives of the United States in the employment, in its foreign aid and foreign development efforts, of the idealism, skill, and interest of young Americans. There is an ample n umber of pr ojects which can profit gr eatly from th e dedication which the National Service Corps will inspire. I feel, too, that it will be a very important channel through which volunteer services of young and old alike may go into areas--many of which have been described-of want, need, illness, and underprivilege, which are enclaves .of backwa.rdness in terms of econ omic advance, such as the areas of migratory farm workers. There the volunteers can be of great benefit. I am very much for the bill. I am a cosponsor, as I said. I have only two r eservations, Mr. President. I hink perh aps, · if we n eeded a description of wh at is being done, the words "practical idealism" would describe it. I hope very m uch that the practical idealism which is r epresen t ed in the National Service Corps will not be marred by asking the dedicated people wh o will be involved to serve in establishm ents or institutions which follow a. practice of racial segr egation. This is som ething about which I ex pressed my deep concern In the committee. It is something which is the subject of an amendment I h ave h ad printed, which is on th e desk. I realize that t he argument can be made that those who are afflicted should receive help, and that this should be the case even if they are afflicted in a segregated institution. But I think t h e temper of the times is such that we are engaged in a struggle in which t h ere must be some casualties, and those who are the subjects of segregation are the readiest to accept the "casualty" of being unable to obtain the ministrations of the National Service Corps when there is a pattern of racial segreg-ation. I hope very much that some way may be found of working out what it seems to me would be so opposite to the patriotic dedication which 1s represented by the Corps. The other subject to which I hope my colleagues in the Senate will give a little 14025 thought is the possibility that we ar e dealing domestically- not abroad, as we did with the Peace Corps- with an an alogy t o the National Guard and th e R OTC. We could allow States to under~ take some of the responsibility for training corpsmen and using them within the respective States. I h ave prepared an amendment upon that score. ·· I h ope t o hear the discussion in respect to the bill, to determine wh eth er there is a sufficient amount of interest in the Senate, since th e amendment was turned down in the committee, to justify my offering the amendment. I think the plan is a very sound one, t o allow States to participate in t he process of selection and training, and to allow them to r et ain the trainees within the S tates, a t the same time m aintaining the. cachet of this elite corp, the Nation al Service Corps, exactly as we do with r espect t o National Guard officers and .men as they relate to the military forces of the Nation. The advantage would be that we would stimulf\te a great increase in the number of people who could be trained, the speed of th eir training, and the speed of their u tilization, and we could invoke State as well as national pride in respect t o the trainees. So, with those two reservations, Mr. . P residen t, which I h ave describedwhich are n ot. in my opinion, reservat ions in any way to chan ge the quality and character of th e plan-having proved the validity of the idea in terms of inspiration to youth and in terms of its usefulness to th ose it serves through the P eace Corps, I believe we have arrived at the point where the National Service Corps is the next logical step in terms of undertaking to give our youth an oppor tunity to show their dedication and their idealism . I am grateful to my colleague for yielding. I am confident t hat by the time the vote occurs on the bill we shall have completely closed r anks in full support of it. Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr. President, I am gr at eful. indeed, for those commen ts by the senior Senator from New York. I am grateful also for his s tr ong support of the proposed legislation, his sponsorship of it, and the contributions h e made in the committee deliberations. ' As the Senator knows, after the bill was drafted 24 Members of the Sen ate joined in cosponsorship of the proposed legislation. The subcommittee which 1·eceived the bill h eld 9 days of hearings. The record is m ost complete. Not only did the subcommittee hold formal hearings in the Capitol, but also members of the subcommittee, togeth er with members of a committee from the House of Representatives, went on a field trip, to see for themselves how the program could be useful in certain areas. I am sure that Members of Congress who went on the trip will never forget the experiences we had at Osawatomie State Mental Hospital in the State of Kansas and how, beyond question, it was proved to us that even one volunteer can have a dramati- I � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document 14026 cally helpful effect on numerous men- tally ill people. I personally had reservations concern- ing the application of this program on Indian reservations, But on the same trip we went into the largest Sioux In- dian Reservation, and there we learned again how even a few ‘seedmen” volun- teers can, with their good will, inspira- tion, and enthusiasm, perform practical Measures to help in the almost unbe- lievable poverty, in all departments, on Indian reservations. Our committee, which has dealt with migratory labor problems, has seen over the years how a few volunteers in migra- tory labor camps can do so much to bring a bit of needed education to the youngs- ters—and perhaps even to the adults. They can provide nursery day care for the very young, and assist in state health and sanitation projects also. I hope all Senators will have an op- portunity to look over the hearing rec- ord and note the unanimity of views across the country of people with knowl- edge in the field of social problems. More than 50 organizations have ‘enthu- siastically endorsed the bill. They are all listed in the hearings record and on pages 12 to 14 of the committee report. It is significant that those who are most knowledgeable in social work have been most artieulate and strong in their en- dorsement. Among the groups, church people are prominent. ‘They are hopeful that the legislation will be passed, and that we shall be able to spark, through volun- teers, an even greater community re- sponse to severe human needs and prob- lems. & Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the Senator yield further? The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Proxmire in the chair). Does the Sen- ator yield? Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I am happy to yield. Mr. JAVITS. TI join the Senator in the sentiments he has expressed. If the bill is enacted into law, I hope the Presi- dent, in considering the appointment of a Director for the National Service Corps, will keep in mind the very excel- Jent example of completely nonpartisan leadership—as high minded as that of those who serve—which has been so heavily responsible, in my opinion, for the success of the Peace Corps. I thank my colleague. CIVIL RIGHTS—ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS OF BILLS Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the ie yield? Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Iam appy to yield. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask lanimous consent that the name of the Senator from New York [Mr. Javits] may be added as a cosponsor of S. 1665, to require that all State or local pro- grams supported with Federal funds shall be administered and executed with- out regard to the race or color of the introduced on June 4.. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the name of the Senator from Vermont [Mr. Proury] may be added as a cosponsor of S. 1801, to effectuate the provisions of the sixth amendment of the U.S. Constitution re- quiring that defendants in criminal cases be given the right to a sneedy trial; and S. 1802, to protect the integrity of the court and jury functions in criminal cases, which I introduced on June 26. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, although all these bills have been printed, the names of the additional cosponsors will be included at the next printing. Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I yield. Mr. JAVITS. The Senator from Ore- gon has joined me in his bill to prevent Federal funds from being utilized for State programs which are segregated. I would like to say a word on the subject, because it is becoming quite a raging is- sue. I have joined the Senator from Oregon on his bill, just as I joined my colleague [Mr. Kratrnc] on his amend- ment to the omnibus civil rights bill along these lines, because I feel very deeply that the only hope for civil rights legislation is in bipartisanship; and I want to do everything I humanly can to demonstrate by act and deed my deep feeling on that score. Neither side alone has the votes to pass civil rights legislation. In my opinion, it is a fact that, in every way open to us, we shall need to keep this bipartisan coalition together so that we may ulti- mately get somewhere. I hope very much—and I Know how the Senator from Oregon feels about this, but I am putting it in words—that all Members on both sides of the aisle will keep very clearly in mind that this is a burning issue on the domestic scene—as burning an issue as is nuclear testing on the international scene. The only way we are going to get. anywhere is by keep- ing the goal very clear. Call it nonpar- tisan or bipartisan, the fact is that neither side alone has the votes, and we must be together on the issue. Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, will the Senator from New Jersey yield to me a moment? ; Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I yield. Mr. MORSE. Inconnection with what the Senator from New York has said, it is an honor to be associated with him in his advocacy of civil rights legislation. I know of no peer of the Senator from New York in the civil rights legislation field. But I would have my colleagues take note of the fact that what my bill seeks to ac- complish is to prevent the Federal Gov- ernment from violating the law, If one of us were to ask a Senator to join him in an illegal act, the Senator who was asked would look askance and be horror stricken. every time they vote for Federal funds for projects involving segregation, in my articipants and beneficiaries, which I [opinion, are guilty of perpetrating an il- legal act, for 9 years ago the Supreme But Members of this body, August 13 : é Court declared segregation to be uncon-, si stitutional, and therefore illegal. Yet we 3 sit here in the Senate, on bill after bill, and vote millions of dollars of Federal taxpayers to continue an illegality. It is about time that we put Members of the — Senate on the spot, and the senior Sen- ator from Oregon intends to do it. He intends to go from coast to coast to call the roll of Members of the Senate who continue to yote to expend illegally Fed- > eral taxpayers’ money and who continue } an unconstitutional act on the part of the Congress. Members will not be asked to vote on this issue program by program, but on 5 the whole broad issue of funds going into , — segregated programs and activities. — . This issue is becoming one on which we can no longer do any dillydallying. The issue is whether or not the Congress - will keep faith with its right hand when its Members take the oath in this body to uphold the law. We cannot justify the appropriation of moneys forthecon- ¢ tinuation of Federal projects in which there is segregation. Let the people speak in respect to the rolleall that will j be made in the Morse bill and similar é proposals that seek to bring to an nd ui the illegality that now existsinthiscoun- ~ try and that has characterized the treat- ’ ment of civil rights in Federal programs. _ As the Senator from New York has) ‘ heard me say before, the time has ¢ come os do not intend any longer to sit nee and {- } permit politicians to get by with ae, ' they have been getting byforyearsinthe; | Senate and covering it with the alibi,, when they get back home, “It is the best we could do.” I will tell Senators what the best we can sy) M dois. It is to act in accordance with the law; and the Supreme Court has made perfectly clear that segregation is se constitutional. I ‘intend to do wi , can to take that record across this Re- public in the months ahead, before the election of 1964. I do not care whether a Senator is a Republican or a Demo- crat—he ought to be beaten for re- | — election in 1964—others will be up for \ _ reelection in 1966 and others in 196 he does not uphold the law as laid down : by the Supreme Court. Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, if the a Senator will yield, I have done precise aA: that, as recently as last Wednesday in 5 connection with the Labor-HEW appro- : priations bill. The reason I made the — comment about bipartisanship is. that I. had the feeling that Members of Con- gress, when they vote, have an idea that party loyalty requires them to stand Py the administration—it might have hap- pened just as well on our side of the aisle if our party were in the majority—and _ that they have to stand by and vote to. table this kind of amendment. pays I think the Senator from Or ane E with his eloquence and w: lighted what I have tried to ao but ni which I am delighted to join him in ‘hig — ine—the fact that, of all the things done __ in the racial field, with all the fuel ada to the fire, this is the worst, Tt is incon 1963 4 lar workers or duplicate or replace an exist- - ing service in the same locality. ‘ The Service Corps will be a means I whereby the local community can draw -__ on the Imowledge and skills of the entire _ Nation. But the progragm is designed _ so that these trained volunteers will work with a community, in a program ‘ developed by the community it self. A * great deal of careful study has gone into < this program. More than 50 ideas for projects were submitted to the Presi- dent’s Study Group on a National Serv- ! ice Corps by various State and local, 4 public and private organizations 4 throughout the Nation. Twelve of these suggested projects are outlined in detail \ in the hearing record. A glance at these projects will show the very practical work that corpsmen would be doing. On an Indian reservation, they could act as in- structors for self-help housing programs, tum nursery schools and clinics; in a _ hospital for the mentally retarded they would help regular personnel as teachers aids and recreational aids; working with migrants, they would give basic education to adults and vocational guid- ance to the youngsters. hy ‘It is important to remember that these _ projects are not the brain children of a bureaucratic planner. They were worked out by men and women of wide experi- ‘ence who know the help that trained volunteers can be to them in. tackling ' the problems of a community. _ Mr. President, there are many Ameri- € cans, young and old, who are anxious [and able to help our less fortunate citi- zens. The Corps will draw not only up- * on enthusiasm of our young people, but upon the wisdom and experience of re- tired persons. There are a vast number of people both young and old ready to help if given a way. Obviously, 5,000 men and women can- not solve all the age-old problems of human suffering. But their example will have an effect far beyond their num- _ ber. ‘If every corpsman inspires 10 _ others to work in their own hometowns, a or to join the helping proféssions, the ‘ bor aft this program will have repaid it- ‘know that the dedicated work of the _ Service Corps volunteers will show that our material success has not blinded us to the sufferings of others. This pro- eq gram will be a true expression of the ideals which have made this Nation great. ; ‘The proposed legislation has been con- es _ sidered | as carefully as any measure with yhich I have been associated. I am sure that Senators are familiar with its gene- _ sis and the steps that have been taken in developing the program to the point ; where it is now under general debate in re the Senate, In first addressing himself to this. noble project, the President called upon members of his Cabinet to develop A _ policy for it. The Cabinet members so selected chose from their departments v persons of great talent to undertake the ha staff work that is necessary to insure { aaah ihe noble idea would not be emotion- but would become hard, tough, _ and practical in its development. That . ar group, while small in number, was CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE uniquely dedicated to this cause. Once created, the study group has developed ideas which were embodied in the legis- lation that came to the Senate. The measure was referred to the Committee on Labor and Public Welfare, and as- signed to the Subcommittee on Migratory Labor for further legislative action. Mr. JAVITS. Mr. President, will the Senator yield? " Mr, WILLIAMS of New Jersey. I yield. Mr. JAVITS. I am a cosponsor of this particular measure. I believe it represents an effort to translate the idealism which has been so prominent in the Peace Corps and which has worked so well abroad to the domestic service of the United States. I am satisfied, too, that the scheme which is proposed to the Congress parallels, as far as is practical, the successful pattern evolved in respect of the Peace Corps, which I believe is one of the more successful initiatives of the United States in the employment, in its foreign aid and foreign development efforts, of the idealism, skill, and inter- est of young Americans. There is an ample number of projects which can profit greatly from the dedication which the National Service Corps will inspire. I feel, too, that it will be a very im- portant channel through which volun- teer services of young and old alike may go into areas—many of which have been described—of want, need, illness, and underprivilege, which are enclaves of backwardness in terms of economic ad- vance, such as the areas of migratory farm workers. There the volunteers can be of great benefit. I am very much for the bill. cosponsor, as I said. I have only two reservations, Mr. President. IE think perhaps, if we needed a de- scription of what is being done, the words “practical idealism’ would de- scribe it. I hope yery much that the practical idealism which is represented in the National Service Corps will not be marred by asking the dedicated people who will be involved to serve in establish- ments or institutions which follow a practice of racial segregation. This is something about which I ex- pressed my deep concern in the commit- tee. It is something which is the subject of an amendment I have had printed, which is on the desk. I realize that the argument can be made that those who are afllicted should receive help, and that this should be the case even if they are afflicted in a segre- gated institution. But I think the temper of the times is such that we are engaged in a struggle in which there must be some casualties, and those who are the subjects of segregation are the readiest to accept the “casualty” of being unable to obtain the ministrations of the National Service Corps when there is a pattern of racial segregation. I hope very much that some way may be found of working out what it seems to me would be so opposite to the patri- otic dedication which is represented by The other subject to which I hope my colleagues in the Senate will give a little Iam a 14025 thought is the possibility that we are dealing domestically—not abroad, as we did with the Peace Corps—with an analogy to the National Guard and the ROTC. We could allow States to under- take some of the responsibility for train- ing corpsmen and using them within the respective States. I have prepared an amendment upon that score. I hope to hear the discussion in respect to the bill, to determine whether there is a sufficient amount of interest in the Sen- ate, since the amendment was turned down in the committee, to justify my offering the amendment. I think the plan is a very sound one, to allow States to participate in the process of selection and training, and to allow them to re- tain the trainees within the States, at the same time maintaining the cachet of this elite corp, the National Service Corps, exactly as we do with respect to National Guard officers and men as they relate to the military forces of the Na- tion. The advantage would be that we would stimulate a great increase in the num- ber of people who could be trained, the speed of their training, and the speed of their utilization, and we could invoke State as well as national pride in re- spect to the trainees. So, with those two reservations, Mr. President, which I have described— which are not, in my opinion, reserva- tions in any way to change the quality and character of the plan—having proved the validity of the idea in terms of inspiration to youth and in terms of its usefulness to those it serves through the Peace Corps, I believe we have ar- rived at the point where the National Service Corps is the next logical step in terms of undertaking to give our youth an opportunity to show their dedication and their idealism. I am grateful to my colleague for yielding. I am confident that by the time the vote occurs on the bill we shall have completely closed ranks in full sup- port of it. Mr. WILLIAMS of New Jersey. Mr. President, I am grateful, indeed, for those comments by the senior Senator from New York. I am grateful also for his strong support of the proposed leg- islation, his sponsorship of it, and the contributions he made in the committee deliberations. As the Senator knows, after the bill was drafted 24 Members of the Senate joined in cosponsorship of the proposed legislation. eh The subcommittee which received the bill held 9 days of hearings. The record is most complete. Not only did the sub- committee hold formal hearings in the Capitol, but also members of the sub- committee, together with members of a committee from the House of Represent- atives, went on a field trip, to see for themselves how the program could be useful in certain areas. Iam sure that Members of Congress who went on the trip will never forget the experiences we had at Osawatomie State Mental Hos-. pital in the State of Kansas and how, beyond question, it was proved to us that even one volunteer can have a dramati-  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 44 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963 https://ivanallen.iac.gatech.edu/mayoral-records/traditional/files/original/92247a5d665e0f3ab58d8ccb80965a3d.pdf bc9f24f900938a0ccc588f6ff5cacccb Scripto Transcription A written representation of a document. GRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX his efforts t.o strengthen and stabilize · t he government. The basic objectives of Indonesia's domest ic policy are to mold the Indonesian people into a great nation, to develop the country's resources, and to improve the living conditions by giving the Indonesian people a greater share· in t he benefits of an expanding economy. h Indonesia's potential for economic developmen t is great. There are large areas of land that have not yet been developed agriculturally, and the islands a re rich in untapped mineral r esources such as petroleum, tin, and bauxite. An 8-year plan for economic growth was launched in J anuary 1961 as a blueprint for Indonesian development. · The Unit ed States has had an interest in Indonesia from the very outset. The United States played an important role 1n helping Indonesia negotiate its freedom from Dutch rule, and it has continued to encourage the development of n a stable and democratic country. The a American foreign aid program h as f helped t.o strengthen .t he Indonesian e economy and to improve the living conditions of its people. The two countries f have established a long record of coopera tion and friendship. On the occasion of the 18th anniversary of Indonesian independence, the United States takes t he opportunity to express its desire to maintain close and cordial r elations with Indonesia on a basis of mutual respect. r. Civil Rights Resolutions EXTENSION OF REMARKS OP HON. ROBERT DOLE OP KANSAS IN THE HOUSE OF R EPRESENTATIVES Thur sday, August 15, 1963 Mr. DOLE. Mr. Speaker, I am certain the "Resolutions Adopted by the House of Bishops, P r otestant Episcopal Church , T oronto, Ontario, August 12, 1963," will e be of interest t.o Members. These imti portant r esolutions were brought to my attention by the Rev. William E. Craig, direct.or, St. Francis Boys' Home, Salina a nd Ellswor th, Kans., who is sincerely concerned with the rights and needs of a all minority groups. ' t ~ , t .Resolved, That t he House of Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church urges the Congress of t h e United States t o pass such civil rights legislation as sh all fairly and effectively implem ent both the established rlght.s and the n eeds of all minority groups in ed1,1cation, voting r ight.a. h ousin g, em ployment opportunities, and access to places of public accommodation. .Resolved, That the Hou se of Bishops of the Protestant E piscopal Chu rch, mindful of the Church Assembly to be held in Washington, D.C., on August 28, 1963, in coop eration with the March on Washington for J obs and Freedom, (a) recognizes not only the right of free citizens t o peacefu l assemblage for the redress of grievan ces, but also t h at participation in such an assemblnge is a proper expression of Christian Witness and obedience; . (b) welcomes the responsible discipleship which imp els many of our bishops, clergy, and laity to take part in such ·! 9 I · d iy n A5219 an assem blage and supports them !Ully; (c ) prays that t hrough iiuch ~ aceful assemb lage citizens of all races may bring b efore t h e Government for appropria te and competent action the critica l and agonizing problems posed to our Na tion b y r acial d iscrimination 1n employment, in access to places of public accom modation , In politica l righ ts, in education, an d housing . .Resolved, That t h e House of Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church commends to all p eople t he Presiding Bishop's letter d ated Whitsunday 1963, as appr opr iate and h elpf ul 1n t h e present r acial crisis; a nd that we su pport the Presiding Bishop In t h is wise and timely expr ession of Christian lead ersh ip. Call to Political Duty EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. FRED SCHWENGEL O F IOWA I N THE HOUSE OF R EPRESENTATIVES Thur sday, Au gust 15, 1963 Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, in his keynote speech t.o the workshop meeting of the Republican Citizens Committee not long ago Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower called strongly upon "political amateurs" to participate in politics. This call is well worth remembering and pondering for the vast majority of cit izens who find it so much easier t.o sit back and do nothing and then complain because they are not governed as they would like t.o be. History plainly indicates that democracies remain strong only so long as their citizens remain actively interested in their governments. Therefore, I call the attention of every citizen t o former President Eisenhower 's r emarks in the article from the Saturday Evening Post of August 10, 1963, which follows below : / A C ALL T O POLITICAL DUTY After a n illustrious career in pu b lic service, no one would criticize Gen. Dwigh t D. Eisenhower if h e decided to take it easy in h is r etirem ent. But t h e former President seems to b e going stron ger than ever. Recen t ly he has shown a zest for close political com b a t unlike a nything that he sh owed during h is "active" career. Not Jong a go a grou p of distinguished Republicans from all sections of t he country gathered a t Hershey, P a., :for a worksh op meeting of the Repu blican Citizens Commit tee. General Eisenhower delivered the keynote speech. He let the New Frontier h ave It. Duty "requires t h at we call the roll, clear and loud on the opposit ion's record. he said , "the sorry record that stands n aked to beh old, when the cunningly manipula ted ven eer of imagery 1s peeled off . • • • For t he sake of its fu t ure , the American elect ora te • • • sh ould become fully aware of the polltical connivance t h at is a way of political life f or t hose who avidly seek power at any cost--and h aving won it, r each out for more and more." The m ain thrust of General Eisenhower's sp eech was a call for m assive p articipation by Republican-oriented citizens in the camp aign of 1964. "I h ope t his town m eeting is the forerunner of many, m any more across the cou ntry by different citizens' groups, all of wh ich make t h eir contribution toward the growth of R ep u blican ism ," he said . " Poli tical •amateurs,' " he added , " bring verse , sparkle and fresh ideas which p erk up a �CON GRESSIONAL RECORD - APPEND]j A 5220 political p arty the way a well-_a dvertlsed medicine d oes tired b lood. Many of today's fl.nest p ublic officials and party organization lead ers were yester day's 'political amateurs.' ~ The gen er al speaks from experience. "Dedicat ed nonprofessionals," he said, " were to a considerable extent responsible for my decision in 1952 to enter the political arena." We h eartily endor se Genera l Eisenhower's call for massive Republican citizen participation in the coming campaign. The socalled amateurs can give the party somet h ing that the tired. p arty pros seem unable to supply-a renewed energy and a h efty injection of Idealism. Perhaps the "a m a teurs" will even uncover a Republican can didate who will give J ack K ennedy a run for his money in 1964. Trotters Shoals EXTENSION OF REMARKS ma.nent Jobs. The plant will purchase $9 million worth of pulpwood a year which wm create another 1,850 jobs. The plant will pay $3.8 million a year 1n local, State and Federal taxes (not counting the taxes which the new workers will p ay.) 2 . Duke Power Co. will employ 1,000 workers in the con struction o! an electric steamplant a t t h e site which will create 135 p erma nent jobs. The fiteamplant (which wm genera te 24 times as much electricity as the Federal da m) will purchase $25 million worth of coal a year which win create more new jobs in the m ining ind\J-5try. The investorowned steamplant will pay $13 million a year in local, State, and Federa l taxes. As a matter of "heart," which would do more for the m ost people, t h e Federal Government or private enterprise ?- Mr. DORN'._ Mr. Speaker , th e textile industry is the leading industry in the Carolinas IJJld Georgia. This great industry, the very backbone of our econ omy, must never become dependen t upon the Federal Government for its power. Another Federal Government dam a t Trotter Shoals on the Savannah River would give the Federal Government a complete monopoly over that great river. If the Federal Governmen t controls power and water, it will control people and t heir employment. The following editorial. is from t he August 3, 1963 issue of South ern Textile News : PRIVATE VERSUS SOCIALIZED POWER With the textile Industry's vital interest in taxes and electrical power, clooe watch should be k ept on proposals for Uncle Sam t o construct the Trotter Shoals Dam on t he Savannah River in South Carolina r ather than for private enterprise. This is not of Interest just to South Carolin la.ns, but has far-sweeping interests to all taxpayers. The pseudoUberals, whatever par ty label they wear, like to call themselves "The party with a heart," or "The party of the people." This infers that conservatives a re heartless and unconcerned with people. But close exam1na~ton of the d octrine and programs of the· liberals often discloses that, either their heart is blind or they are more interested in power than people. This is illustrated In the Trotter Shoals project. As a matter of heart, the liberals argue that all of the natural resources of the Nation "belong to all the people." This is the argument they use to ju&tlfy Federal construction of hydroelectric dams, notwithstanding the fact that Federal electricity Is sold at cutrate prices to only a f avored few of the people. Speclfically, this is the argument behind Interior Secretary Udall's demand that Uncle Sam, rather than private enterprise, construct the $78.7 million Trotter Shoals Dam, a project which would remove 22,000 acres of land from State and locnl tax rolls. Would Federal construction of this dam help "all the people?" Here 1s what Is ln store for this area. (and other areas in time) if the Government does not build the dam: 1. The Mend Corp. will employ 1,400 workers in the construction of a $40 million plant at the site which will create 650 per- Fe non n at i Al ! or sion PreE dlfflc Geri U! aggr NA'l wou 'll'l.aD American People? EXTENSION OF REMARKS !nfd Is Pres.ident Kennedy Afraid '.fo Trust the OF OF SOUTH CAROLINA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Gen the a Cc trie1 r eco L~ vidu arra sign Gen OF HON. W. J. BRYAN DORN mil! HON. BRUCE ALGER Nj K en Mosl Tl OF TEXAS proo IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES W ednesday, August 14, 1963" WOU Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, why does Presiden t Kennedy refuse to trust the American people ? Why does be enter into secret negotiations with Khrushchev? What has he promised Khrushchev? Who is calling the shots, our President or th e Soviet dictator ? It is time the American people know Just wha t President Kennedy has in mind for t hem and wh at kind of country b e intends to'leave for our children. The r eports of secret agreements reached with Khrushchev should fill us with fearful foreboding. It seems to me Congr ess should dem and a full explan ation to the questions r aised in the following article from the Washington World of August 19, written by Robert S. Allen and Paul Scott. Even Averell Har riman , famous for his negotiations with the R ussians, says our goals and theirs ate absolutely irreconcilable. Therefore, any agreements acceptable to Khrushchev must be against the best interest of the United States. The ar ticle follows : KENNEDY AND KHRUSHCHEv MUCH CLOSER ON AGREEMENT THAN STATEMENTS INDICATE (By Robert S. Allen and Pau l Scott) President Kennedy and Premier Khrushchev are much closer to a step-by-step agreement on a nonagresslon p act between the West and· the Soviet block than their public statements Indicate. In fact, they already have reached an u nderstanding in their exchange of letters on a plan for a piecemeal approach to cope with the opposition of West Germany and France. SCHEDULE OF this Rj posE men andi cont incl) ~on sign I SPtl ma1 leai edi1 by] AUi I sorn ato1 d en ficll triri TALKS Under this Kennedy-Khrushchev strategy, the following "escalator procedure" will be pursued In the "second round" of negotiations underway in Moscow: Exchange of military missions between the North Atlantic Treaty Orgnnizatlon and the Warsaw Pact, the Iron Curtain military alliance. Resumption of discussions on the security of West Berlin and !ts access routes. A joint declaration to be signed by the 193 tric va � Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document NGRESSIONAL RECORD — APPENDIX e Tr E o = ‘e ames TO Re TRE rears. aor ed Tp a bo ack cr eg a TT rae his efforts to strengthen and stabilize the government. The basic objectives of Indonesia's domestic policy are to mold the Indo- nesian people into a great nation, to develop the country’s resources, and to improve the living conditions by giving the Indonesian people a greater share in the benefits of an expanding economy. Indonesia’s potential for economic de- velopment is great. There are large areas of land that have not yet been de- veloped agriculturally, and the islands are rich in untapped mineral resources such as petroleum, tin, and bauxite. An 8-year plan for economic growth was launched in January 1961 as a blueprint for Indonesian development. The United States has had an interest in Indonesia from the very outset. The United States played an important role in helping Indonesia negotiate its free- dom from Dutch rule, and it has con- tinued to encourage the development of a stable and democratic country. The American foreign aid program has helped to strengthen the Indonesian economy and to improve the living con- ditions of its people. The two countries have established a long record of co- operation and friendship. On the occa- sion of the 18th anniversary of Indo- nesian independence, the United States takes the opportunity to express its de- sire to maintain close and cordial rela- tions with Indonesia on a basis of mu- tual respect. ' Civil Rights Resolutions EXTENSION OF REMARES \ HON. ROBERT DOLE OF KANSAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. DOLE. Mr. Speaker, Iam certain the “Resolutions Adopted by the House of Bishops, Protestant Episcopal Church, Toronto, Ontario, August 12, 1963,” will be of interest to Members. These im- portant resolutions were brought to my attention by the Rev. William E, Craig, director, St. Francis Boys’ Home, Salina and Ellsworth, Kans., who is sincerely eoncerned with the rights and needs of all minority groups. Resolved, That the House of Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church urges the Congress of the United States to pass such elvil rights legislation as shall fairly and effectively implement both the established rights and the needs of all minority groups in education, voting rights, housing, em- ployment opportunities, and access to places of public accommodation. Resolved, That the House of Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church, mindful of the Church Assembly to be held in Wash- ington, D.C., on August 28, 1963, In coopera- tion with the March on Washington for Jobs )and Freedom, (a) recognizes not only the | right of free citizens to peaceful assemblage for the redress of grievances, but also that participation in such an assemblage is a proper expression of Christian witness and obedience;- (b) welcomes the responsible discipleship which impels many of our bishops, clergy, and laity to take part in such se. A5219 an assemblage and supports them fully; (c) } prays that through such peaceful assemblage }- citizens of all races may bring before the Government for appropriate and competent action the critical and agonizing problems posed to our Nation by racial discrimination in employment, in access to places of public accommodation, in political rights, in edu- cation, and housing. Resolved, That the House of Bishops of the Protestant Episcopal Church commends to all people the Presiding Bishop's letter dated Whitsunday 1963, as appropriate and helpful in the present racial crisis; and that and timely expression of Christian leader- ship. Call to Political Duty EXTENSION OF REMARES OF HON. FRED SCHWENGEL OF IOWA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, in his keynote speech to the workshop meeting of the Republican Citizens Com- mittee not long ago Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower called strongly upon “politi- cal amateurs” to participate in politics. This call is well worth remembering and pondering for the vast majority of citi- zens who find it so much easier to sit back and do nothing and then complain because they are not governed as they would like to be. History plainly indi- cates that democracies remain strong only so long as their citizens remain actively interested in their governments. Therefore, I call the attention of every citizen to former President Eisenhower's remarks in the article from the Saturday Evening Post of August 10, 1963, which follows below: ’ A Cat TO Poxirrican Dury After an illustrious career in public serv- ice, no one would criticize Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower if he decided to take it easy in his retirement. But the former President seems to be going stronger than ever. Re- cently he has shown a zest for close political combat unlike anything that he showed dur- ing his “active” career. Not long ago a group of distinguished Re- publicans from all sections of the country gathered at Hershey, Pa., for a workshop meeting of the Republican Citizens Com- mittee. General Eisenhower delivered the keynote speech. He let the New Frontier have it. Duty “requires that we call the roll, clear and loud on the opposition's record,” he sald, “the sorry record that stands naked to be- hold, when the cunningly manipulated ve- neer of imagery is peeled off. * * *For the sake of its future, the American electorate * * * should become fully aware of the po- litical connivance that is a way of political life for those who avidly seek power at any cost—and having won it, reach out for more and more.” The main thrust of General Eisenhower's speech was a call for massive participation by Republican-oriented citizens in the cam- paign of 1964. “I hope this town meeting is the forerunner of many, many more across the country by different citizens’ groups, all of which make thelr contribution toward the growth of Republicanism,” he seid. “Political ‘amateurs,’” he added, “bring verse, sparkle and fresh ideas which perk up @& 1 we support the Presiding Bishop in this wise |, A5220 political party the way a well-advertised medicine does tired blood. Many of today's finest public officials and party organization leaders were yesterday's ‘political amateurs.’ " The general speaks from experience. “Ded- icated nonprofessionals,” he said, “were to a considerable extent responsible for my deci- sion in 1952 to enter the political arena.” We heartily endorse General Eisenhower's call for massive Republican citizen partici- pation in the coming campaign. The s0- called amateurs can give the party some- . thing that the tired party pros seem unable to supply—a renewed energy and a hefty injection of idealism. Perhaps the “ama- teurs” will even uncover a Republican can- didate who will give Jack Kennedy a run for his money in 1964. Trotters Shoals EXTENSION OF REMARKS F HON. W. J. BRYAN DORN OF SOUTH CAROLINA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Thursday, August 15, 1963 Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, the textile industry is the leading industry in the Carolinas and Georgia. This great in- dustry, the very backbone of our econ- omy, must never become dependent upon the Federal Government for its power. Another Federal Government dam at Trotter Shoals on the Savannah River would give the Federal Government a complete monopoly over that great river. If the Federal Government controls pow- er and water, it will control people and their employment. The following editorial. is from the August 3, 1963 issue of Southern Textile News: PRIVATE VERSUS SOCIALIZED PowER With the textile industry's vital interest in taxes and electrical power, close watch should be kept on proposals for Uncle Sam to construct the Trotter Shoals Dam on the Sayannah River in South Carolina rather than for private enterprise. This is not of interest Just to South Carolinians, but has far-sweeping interests to all taxpayers. The pseudoliberals, whatever party label they wear, like to call themselves “The party with a heart,” or “The party of the peo- ple.” This infers that conservatives are heartless and unconcerned with people.. But close examination of the doctrine and pro- grams of the lberals often discloses that, either thelr heart is blind or they are more interested in power than people. This is il- lustrated in the Trotter Shoals project. As a matter of heart, the liberals argue that all of the natural resources of the Na- tion “belong to all the people.” This is the argument: they use to justify Federal con- struction of hydroelectric dams, notwith- standing the fact that Federal electricity is sold at cutrate prices to only a favored few of the people. Specifically, this is the argu- ment behind Interior Secretary Udall's de- mand that Uncle Sam, rather than private enterprise, construct the $78.7 million Trot- ter Shoals Dam, a project which would re- move 22,000 acres of land from State and local tax rolls. Would Federal constructlon of this dam help “all the people?” Here is what is in store for this area. (and other areas in time) if the Government does not build the dam: 1. The Mead Corp. will employ 1,400 workers in the construction of a $40 million plant at the site which will create 650 per- manent jobs. The plant will purchase $9 million worth of pulpwood a year which will create another 1,850 jobs. The plant will pay $3.8 million a year in local, State and Federal taxes (not counting the taxes which the new workers will pay.) 2. Duke Power Co, will employ 1,000 workers in the construction of an electric steamplant at the site which will create 135 permanent jobs. The steamplant (which will generate 24 times as much electricity as the Federal dam) will purchase $25 million worth of coal a year which will create more new jobs in the mining industry. The investor- owned steamplant will pay $13 million a year in local, State, and Federal taxes. As a matter of “heart,” which would do more for the most people, the Federal Gov- ernment or private enterprise?. Is President Kennedy Afraid To Trust the American People? EXTENSION OF REMARKS or HON. BRUCE ALGER OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ' Wednesday, August 14, 1963 Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, why does President Kennedy refuse to trust the American people? Why does he enter into secret negotiations with Khru- shchev? What has he promised Khru- shchev? Who is calling the shots, our President or the Soviet dictator? It is time the American people know dust what President Kennedy has in mind for them and what kind of country he intends to leave for our children. The reports of secret agreements reached with Khrushchev should fill us with fear- ful foreboding. It seems to me Congress should de- mand a full explanation to the ques- tions raised in the following article from the Washington World of August 19, written by Robert S. Allen and Paul Scott. Even Averell Harriman, famous for his. negotiations with the Russians, says our goals and theirs are absolutely irrecon- cilable. Therefore, any agreements ac- ceptable to Khrushchev must be against the best interest of the United States. The article follows: KENNEDY AND KunusHcHEy Mucr CLoser on AGREEMENT THAN STATEMENTS INDICATE (By Robert S. Allen and Paul Scott) President Kennedy and Premier Khru- shchev are much closer to a step-by-step agreement on a nonagression pact between the West and the Soviet block than their public statements indicate. In fact, they already have reached an un- derstanding in their exchange of letters on a plan for a piecemeal approach to cope with - the opposition of West Germany and France. SCHEDULE OF TALKS Under this Kennedy-Khrushchev strategy, the following “escalator procedure” will be pursued in the ‘second round” of negotia- tions underway in Moscow: Exchange of military missions between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Warsaw Pact, the Iron Curtain military alliance. Resumption of discussions on the security of West Berlin and its access routes, A joint declaration to be signed by the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — APPENDI mili Gen the a Cr Fi non nati A for sion Pres ciftir Geri U; ager NAT wou ‘man trie: reco Le vidu aITA sign Gen Al NAT info Een Mos: Tl proc wou this R pose mer and cont incl 60n sign Spe maj leag edil by] Au  Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Box 17, Folder 14, Document 43 Box 17 Box 17 Folder 14 Folder topic: Civil Rights Bill | 1963