Box 9, Folder 23, Complete Folder

Box 9, Folder 23, Complete Folder

-
OMMUNITY RELATIONS COMMISSION
1!03 CITY HALL, ATLANTA GEORGIA 30303
Mayor Iva n Allen, Jr.
City Hall
�REPRINTED FROM THE LOS ANGELES TIMES, SUNDAY, JUtY 24, 1966
THE POOR'S ANGRY VOICESA WARNING AND A THERAPY
JACK JONES
/
)
PROTEST-"Shouting at a public
official . . . is a demonstration
that the poor and minorities have
... power to challenge the 'big
chief.'"
Times drawing
"The Negro built this nation; let's burn it to the
ground!" thundered a delegate to a recent convention of the poor in Fontana.
"We have found the only way to move the power
structure," cried another, "is to tell them what will
Times staff writer ] ones' s principal assignments are in
the civil rights, welfare and poverty fields.
happen if they don't meet our demands. The truth
was proved in Watts."
These cries of outrage, heard time and time again
whenever the rebellious poor or less privileged
gather, certa inly are discomfiting to members of an
affluent society. They expose the latent distrust and
hatred of the so-called "power structure"; they ring
with undertones of terror and possible anarchy.
But viewed with an awareness of other protest
movements of history, they reflect the not abnormal
outcry of a people suddenly offered a chance to vent
their frustrations .
Some of th e very people who have been the recent
targets of vi tuperative attacks by the unsophisticated
and uned ucated regard those outbursts as healthy.
The Shriver Incident
Sargent Shriver, who directs th e antipoverty war
that has had much to do with releas ing th e angrv
�place for gang leaders; and the WSO newspaper may
fairly be called inflammatory in its constant and
exaggerated preaching against the police for alleged brutality.
In the SCLC offices, many of the staff members
wear buttons bearing the legend "Anybody But
Daley," and many of the local rights leaders joining
hands with Dr. King are people who spend their
lives trying to undermine the Daley machine politically.
In these surroundings, Dr. King's non-violence
becomes, at the best, confusing-to the white community and to the Negroes. Dr. King came into the
city and took over a rights movement in which many
of the activists had carelessly talked bruta lity and
violence for too long. That talk had its effect and
is still having it.
Thus the riot clarified the argument over black
power. The rioters knew that riot is the negation
of civil order, but they have now found it is also
the dissolution of all power, political, moral and
economic. The trophy of r iot is destruction; but,
when Dr. King rightly tells the residents of the
ghetto that they have little stake in this society,
he cannot easily convince them they should not
destroy it. That is the logic of events, and it has
caught Dr. King out, along w ith the rest of Chicago.
Riot's triumph is death. Almost miraculously,
there was little death in the riot here. Two-or three
persons-died, killed by stray bu llets. One was a
man from Mississippi and the other was a 14-yearold girl whose baby was stillborn as t he mother died.
Considering the amount of shooting for three days,
this toll is small. There were snipers everywhere.
Wednesday night there was random shooting from
the windows of a high rise city housing project,
some of it aimed by neighbors at neighbors. Thursday night there was a spectacular gun battle between
the residents of another high rise and the police.
There were gun battles up and down streets. The
mere number of weapons being u sed on both sides
seemed incredible.
Has the white community started now to arm
itself against such another battle? No one will guess.
Police officials keep a tight lip on the subject, saying they do not want to indu lge in psychological
warfare. The youth gangs, both Negro and white,
are superbly armed, but there is no evidence that
they were conducting the gun battles. One is left
with the uncomfortable notion that the citizens in
general are well supplied with the instruments of
death, and that the temperature of violence has r isen
sharply a ll over the city as a result of the riot.
It is certa in that the riot has frightened both
Negroes and whites. The wide publicity given locally
to the youth gangs-most of it enormously exaggerated-has terrified the old Negro leadership and
many of the Negro church and community leaders.
The same publicity, and the violence of the riot,
have produced a noticeable rise of hostility among
w hites against the Negroes and against the civil
rights drive. The politicians, even if they had
decided to make some concessions t6 Dr . King
toward racial integration, are now severely constricted by t heir constituencies.
Innuendo and Rumor
In th e search for causes of the riot, meanwhile,
everyone seems to be trying to ignore the solution
to the great problems. They contin ue to rely on
accusation, innuendo and even rumor as an excuse
for not doing what must be done. The youth gangs
ar e blam ed, and there is talk of subversive groups,
without any reflection that in a well-ordered society
a subversive group has not much of a chan ce, but
that in a riotous situation it has every advantage.
The politicans are blaming Dr. King fo r stirring
u p trouble, but they know he is voicing real grievances; they just cannot believe there is not some
kind of conspiracy at work, but they have little
ev idence for one. It may be said fairly that they
despise the man who has troubled their consciences.
Dr. King blames the politicians for raising Negro
hopes and then not ful filling them, but he himself
has been singularly maladroit in finding ways to
cooperate with them while allowing them to save
face. He has deliberately ignored the fact that the
politicians are elected by the white majority as well
as by Negroes, and that the majority ranges ·from
timid ly liberal to solidly r eactionary, that it can be
led, bu t not pushed.
Hard as Marshmallows
Perhaps the only people who found their views
and themselves justified in the riot were the teenage gang leaders who w ill tell you bluntly that all
the adult leaders on both sides are empty, greedy
and dev ious, and about as hard as marshmallows.
If the people of the ghetto are looking for a purpose a nd the youths are looking for a hero-as one
suspects they are-an honest man would have to
tell them to look elsewhere; for the rocks and bullets
and clubs that destroyed windows and buildings also
demolish ed a whole structure of plaster saints, black
and white.
Without the saints, we are left with human beings
to deal with the gut issues. The heroes remain to be
made ou t of the violence and chaos.
�OTIS
CHANDLER
PUB Ll ~ HE.R
no ackno w l edgment necessary
�REPRINTED FROM THE LOS ANGELES TIMES, SUNDAY, JULY 24, 1966
THE CHICAGO RIOTS
\ llOLENCE WITI-IOUT A PLOT
D. J. R. BRUCKNER
Then, not that man do more, or stop pity; but that he
be u;ider in living; that all his cities fly a clean flag . . .
Poet Kenneth Patchen
However, if a riot has any benefit, it lies in this,
that it brilliantly illumi nates, for a moment, the
logic of events: extreme violence tends to force the
hands of people, and suddenly theoretical positions
a nd legal principles all look quite different.
What happened in Chicago is not very mysterious
if one looks simply at it.
Search for a Plot
CHICAGO
The worst aspect of a riot is that it causes an
over-reaction in the community; the people panic.
Revolutionaries have understood this since the ancient world and have sometimes used it to their own
advantage.
There are signs of serious over-reaction in Chicago
to the riots that ripped up the W est Side from July
12 to July 15.
Part of the panic is purely self-protective, of
course. Political, economic and religious leaders of
the community discovered in the midst of violence
that they ha\·e less control than they would like,
or indeed than they should have; and they found
D. ]. R. Bruckner is chief of The Times news bureau
in Chicago .
they haYe less information than they need, to act.
Civil rights leaders on the whole discovered much
the same thing.
A number of city officials and police officers, however, are responding to the demands of the white
majority in the city, and are looking for a plot or
conspiracy, whether it be one concocted by youth
gangs or Communist-inspired groups, or by political
hotheads.
A lot of investigators are scurry ing around looking
for this alleged plot, and, God help us, they may
even find one. Any little old mangy plot, however
crazy or ineffectual, will serve very well to salve the.
conscience of the city.
The fact is that the riot was aimless. There is an
instructive comparison available to this city. Last
month there was a considerable riot in the city's
Puerto Rican community. Compared with the violence on the Negro West Side, the Puerto Ricans'
riot was a model of order and purpose.
Theirs was a violent demonstration against a
breakdown of communication. There was a certain
happiness about it at times, as when the crowds
lifted a man who had been bitten by a police dog to
their shoulders and paraded him through the streets
as a hero.
The Puerto Ricans are at least a community
among themselves. After their riot their leaders
attended public hearings and aired their grievances,
and these were the same grievances one could hear
any P uerto Rican on the streets talking about.
Total U nhappiness
What struck one about the riot among the Negroes
was the total dissolution of a neighborhood of perhaps 350,000 people; the hatred not only against
the white power structure, but against one another;
the factions that battled against one another; the
total unhappiness of it. This was not a happy riot,
a nd even some of the boasting leaders of the teenage gangs admitted they were afraid. Afterwards,
no one could fully define the grievances of the
community.
The riot was started by an altercation over the
turning off of a fire hydrant. One's white neighbors
who live out on the lakefront do not accept this
explanation at all, but it is true. In the West Side
ghetto a major riot can be caused by the turning
of a wrench; no plot is n eeded and no reign of
terror by gangs.
Field workers from two city commissions working
in the slums, others working for the YMCA, crusad-
�ing pastors and some police all know that riots have
almost broken out several times in recent weeks
over mere rumors, the transfer of a fa vorite priest
from his parish, or an arrest.
This is not to minimize the organized aspect of
the riot. There are gangs and they are a serious
problem, and there are some revolutiona ry groups
in the ghetto. But life in the ghetto is normally
violent and brutal; it does not take much to set
off a riot. The white man outside the ghetto can
scarcely realize the power of a rumor on the West
Side, for instance; his mind cannot take it in. He
really does not know the life of the poor, Negro or
white, or how suspicious that life is.
At 3 a.m. July 14, in the mid st of the riot, a
reporter was attacked by a large rat on a West Side
street corner. Two teen-age Negro boys, returning,
they said, from a riot fora y, beat off this beast with
a baseball bat and a board, explaining they were
happy enough to fight rats which are, on the whole,
worse than w hite newsmen.
Filled With Rats
The slums are filled with rats ; rats are the manife st evidence of the inhumanity out there. They are
eve ry wh ere, a long with the debris of demolished
buildings, the dirt in the streets, the cheap bars. People grow up among the rats and li ve with them.
Th e West Side is mostly the home of the Negro
poor. In this it differs vastly from the South Side
where perhaps 450,000 Negroes live ; many of them
li\·e \\·ell , some live magnificently. On the West
Side e\·en childhood has degenerated into gang warfare, extortion, intimidation, physical punishment
a nd even occasional murder. Adult life is merely
a n ex tens ion of thi s violen ce. In such conditions on e
does not h a ve to explain riots by plots.
May or Ri cha rd J . Daley, during th e riot, said there
we re "outs iders" promoting the riot. Perhaps there
w ere. But a ll those a r rested lived on the West Side
a nd police di d not find the outs iders. Angry with
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., the mayor demanded
to know from him "w hether other cities have no
problems." P erhap s they ha ve, and Dr. King is
indeed an outs id er. But last summ er th e mayor
was face d with th e probl em of nuns staging a sit-in
on the world 's bu siest intersection to protest the
slum s, a nd they were not outs id ers.
The may or's pouting is not dignified; it is childi sh.
But it refl ects th e attitude of the white majority
whi ch still elec ts him and w hi ch resents being
jostl ed.
In ra ce rela tions in thi s city, the bulk of the white
peopl e treats th e mayor like a ser vant who is hired
to br ibe th e minoriti es into civ ic order. Thus a riot
produ ces a sudd en munificence from city hall, of
hyd rant sprinklers a nd swimming pools a nd hou s ing
projects.
P e rvas ive Con ception
Th is con ception of the may or's offi ce is so per\·asi \·e that even many Negroes h ave come to beli eve
it, a n d t he lead in g Negro politicians, w ho a re pa rt
of Da ley's De mocratic Pa rty machi ne , act ua lly enfo rce it .
But the g ifts of city h all hide th e bas ic p ro blem
about the l'\egro ghetto. The pr oblem is th a t most
of th e peop le in t he gh etto simp ly do not sh are in
any \\·ay in the life of t h e ci ty . Their ali en a tion is
an eno r mous spir itu al wa ll built u p of uncountable
and ancient indignities; it is the wall of the city.
The problem is to break down the wall. Dr. King,
when he opened his civil rights drive here two days
before hell broke loose, thought he had at least part
of the machinery to break down the wall.
But the riot, which illuminated society's flaws,
also illuminated some serious weaknesses in Dr.
King and his approach. The first thing that became
evident was that in Chicago Dr. King, the patron
saint of non-violence, was leading a collection of
local civil rights groups whose leaders include a
few pretty violent people.
This problem results from a structural weakness
in the King method. Dr. King's Southern Christian
Leadership Conference suffers from a lack of troops
and thus it is plagued by indiscriminate recruitment
when it enters a city. In a big city like Chicago,
where there are 900,000 Negroes and only a percentage of these favor Dr. King, the flaw can be fatal.
Little Influence
Dr. King very quickly discovered he had little
influ ence in the West Side community. When he
walked the streets on the first night of riot pleading for non-violence some young Negroes laughed
at him . When his aides showed films this past
spring of the Watts riots to illustrate the danger
of violence, some youths applauded. Youth gang
leaders who met with Dr. King as the riots subsided
on the night of July 15 said they might turn to nonviolence and again they might not.
Some of these gang leaders told a reporter they
had met several times with SCLC officials long
before the riots, but Dr. King had no program for
them , so the youths gave up on him. One of them
called him a "hit-and-run m essiah. "
His prestige suffered enormously in the Chicago
riots. The Sunday before the uproar started, he
had stood in Soldier Field and debated non-violence
as against "black power " with none other than Floy d
McKissick of the Congress of Racial Equality, the
preach er oi black power.
The riot cooled that philosophical a rgument permanently, on e gathers. For th e riot has turned not
onl y the whites aga inst Dr. King, but the Negro
power structure as well; and his ci vil rights movement he re is in immedi a te dan ger of passing into
th e hands of the old-time politicians. Dr. King finds
himself in the position of either becoming the high
priest of all the poor and only the poor, or getting
out, quickly.
In either case, he has been pus hed-violently if
y ou will-in the direction of the McKissick position,
th a t Negro rights must inv olve Negro political
power. Further, no matte r how much Dr. King
protests that hi s Chicago drive is not partisan a nd
not v iolent, the riot exposed clearly tha t many of
the people around him are ve ry pa rti sa n a nd a few
a re v iol ent.
Violen t and Non-Violent
One of his top ai des, t he Rev. J a mes Bevel, told
alm ost 50,000 people at the J u ly 10 ra lly tha t "we
wa n t the violent and the n on-violent to join w ith
us." Tha t seems pretty straigh tforward .
Among the pe rsons a tten d ing a con fere n ce with
the mayor th e clay before the r iots started was
Ch ester Rob inson of th e West Side Organi zati on , ·
a loca l civ il r ights grou p.
R obi nson is n ot person ally a v iolent man, but hi s
h ead qu a rters h as becom e a con venient gath ering
�voices by financing community action programs
seeking to involve the poor in the solution of their
own difficulties, was shouted down in April w h en
he attempted to address a conference called by the
Citizens Crusade Against Poverty . At the time, he
said a ha ndful of "professional demonstrators" were
tryin g to make trouble. His attitude now, at least
for publication, is that su ch confrontations are a
positive thing. "It's time," h e says, "that the poor
speak up for their n eeds."
· Joe P . Maldonado, executive director of th e
county's antipoverty vehicle, the Economic and
Youth Opportunities Agen cy, who also has been
subjected to insulting personal abuse, shares this
opinion in essence.
Governmental Confusion
Infuriated by governmental confusion a n d political
machinations which seem to dull the promise of antipoverty programs, the poor s trike out at anybody
w ho represents the "powe r structure." Their more
vocal m embers appear dete rmined to take over and
make changes th emselves.
Speaki ng of certain manifestations of the so-called
revolt of the poor, J ames E. Ludlam, president of
the Welfare Planni ng Council, a trad itional agency,
told anti poverty board m embers that a vocal minority "grounded in militancy a nd confl ict" was trying
to capture control of antipoverty programs. He said
t h ese militan t elements are given to threats of violence, disru ption of meetin gs and " infiltration a nd
subversion of staff decisions."
Bu t the Rev. Wi lliam Hervey, director of the
Department of Metropolitan Mi ssion for the Los Angeles Presbytery, responds th a t militancy is n ecessary in the fight aga inst "man 's mos t dehuma nizin g
enemy-poverty."
Old weapons cannot be used to fight a n ew war,
argues Mr. Hervey, referring to the traditional welfare agencies. He agrees that many of those castigated by Ludlam are "grounded in militancy and
involved in conflict ," but h e could not agree that
their actions were totally n egat ive.
One of the intriguing prospects in all this is that
some of today's revolutionists, like others of history,
w ill become part of the " power structure" themselves once they gain control. Then, presumably,
they will regard t h emselves as " responsible" a nd
will find themselves facing the fury of n ew revolutionaries.
One man w ho believes the often-irresponsible
accusations by the poor a re a n ecessary part of
progress is Dr. J. A lfred Cannon , a UCL A neuropsychiatrist who works w ith a group ca lled P eople
in Community Action.
Dr. Cannon, a Negro, says, "Anytime you h ave a
group of people who are relative strangers, on e way
they have of testing each other might be through
initial demands or angry confrontations. It's a way
of finding out how genuine the other person is.
"Often this kind of confrontation . . . paves th e
way for more constructive, gentle exchanges.
"Shouting at a public official ... is a demonstration
that the poor a n d minorities have the strength and
power to be able to challenge th e 'big chief.' This
is very important, because they can see their effectiveness in some kind of action. It leads to a sense
of worthwhileness and adequacy ... and a potency
which the poor generally don't h ave."
'Feeling of Participation'
This is the beginning, says Dr. Cannon, "of the
poor man's _feeling of participation in his own
destiny, a very importa nt strut in his h ealth."
Bitterness over the fa ilure of the war on poverty
to deliver immediate results, a nd disillusionment
over the administration of welfare programs have
ti:iggered a statewide-even a nationwide-effort by
th e poor to organize.
With the backing of the Univers ity of California
Extension , the Sears Foundation, and two privately
organized advisory agencies-the California Foundation for Economic Opportunity a nd the California
Center for Community Development-a first California Convention of the Poor was held in Oakland in
F ebruary.
This led to the June con vention in Fonta na, attended by representati ves of slum tenant councils,
welfa re recipien t groups and community action
movements around the state.
Out of t he Fontana con vention , Dr. Jacobus tenBroeck, a UC pol itical science professor and former
chairma n of the State Social Welfa re Board, emerged
w ith the task of g iving some organi zational sophistica tion to the more tha n 20 W elfare Rights Organizations w hich a re loosely joined in thi s movement.
A convention is planned this fall to develop a legislati ve program, clearly aimed at mounting a lobby
for cha nges in welfare and other laws affectin g the
poor.
Welfare Recipients
Rema rkably, in view of widespread conviction
among the gene ra l pu blic that most w elfare recipients wou ldn't work if th ey cou ld, some of the
loudes t protests in recent W elfare R ights Organiza tion de monstrations were that the present system
" makes it imposs ible for us to work our way off
we lfare."
" If you don't h ave poor people in on the soluti ons,"
says Dr. TenBroeck, "you misgauge w ha t the problems a nd their attitudes are.
"They flai l, they shout, they a re quite unreason a b le," con cedes Dr. Ten Broeck. "Thi s is therapy
a nd steam-valving. Unless you prov ide some way
to let off their futility, we're s itting on a lid we
ought not to s it on- as y ou see in W a tts.
"It's not a matter of wh ether we enjoy it-bu t
w h e the r we're going to make it possible for those
wh o a re deprived t o cease to be dep r ived.
"They want the rest of us to slide into the back ground as t hey get on their feet a nd get organ ized .
And t hat's th e way it sh ould be."
�June 19, 196 8
Mr . Frank Ro ug hton
In titute of Communi cativ
of the Methodist Chur c h
1279 Oxford Road, N . E .
Atlanta, Georgia 30366
Arts
Dear Mr . Roughton :
I have received from Mayor Ivan Allen your letter addressed to him of
June 17th reg rding your suggestion for a ymphonic drama on the truggle
of the Ne gnn in America, with con tructio n for . ame of an amphitheatre, a
a memorial to Dr. Martin Luther King , Jr. Thi ha been brought to my
atte ntion in my capacity a chairman of our Aldermanic King Memori 1
Committee .
At the out et, I would like to xpress ppreciation foi- your intere t in tbi
matt r and to tell you th t I feel your ide ia mo t appropri te a.nd would
be xtrem ly me nlngful. Actually, one of Mra . King'• auggeationa for
incorpor tion ln th memorial w ar planning was long thi line.
Ae you have probably le rned f:rom the v rioue new m dia, our committe
- and •ub equ ntly th Board of Aldermen - h
t k n a po ltion supporting
living, productive m morial as in contr at to •omething like
statue or
a str et naming: and we have call d On the federal government to a• tat in
the dev lopment of nation 1 memorial with
ver 1 working facilitie in
th
rea of Dr. King's birthpl ce and mother church round Auburn Avenu
-.nd Boul va.rd. We al o h ve n ordlnanc befor our Zoning Committ e
ref rred to it by the Board of Alderm n at ita meeting Monday which would
c 11 for design tion of thi are
• an 11 hietoric district" , which is our fir t
at p in order to pre• rve the ch r cter of some of the n ighborhood nd to
protect it from other d velopmentt until we ar in a poeltion to make aetu 1
acqwaition. It i8 my opinion that in the near futur we will probably work
�.Mr . Frank Roughton
June 19, 1968
-2-
toward the e tablishment of a prestige national bo rd o{ trustees, a
suggested by Mrs . King, which bo rd would probably have the responsibility
o( d eciding on pecific facilities to be incorporated in the development .
At the next meeting of our committee I will bring your communication to
their attention and will k ep you advised a to our progress .
Sincerely,
~~
Sam Ma svell,
SMJr:nd
cc:
Mr . Martin Luther King, Jr .
The Hon . Ivan Allen, Jr .
(Attn: Mr . Dan Sweat)
-Ji}
�e
~












,: -
.
. .
r .
• ~t
---
PREF A·C E
.
.
i·; ,
~
,.
.
.





•
-
_1
'
.. ..
,I
.:., ·
'



,I; tt;}





i



~.r:·:.


t.


, . i ·.


~1


....
In attemptin17 to anal v~e wl1ere the movement· is go:i ng, cer tain
-


i {f


'
c.23 :.
questions have arisen as to the P,, t,,re roles nlaved by white
. :,. I •
i .. . personnel.
In or.d·e r to make th1 s iss11e clearer, we have wr j tten
)
· :fi ·I t ·> .' ;-\• .:
._,
i
a .few paragraphs, atemminC? from our observ~ions and experiences ,
lfL,_<
.•if ->} .
-i
o1 ,4.. •
i,'.:,
I
• •
••
•
•
·: : l-t;,:r.:. :
Some of the reasons are as follows:
-~ ;·:!L-· ·.- :\
The imi~j lj ty
'i tt-.


) :-::i·:(:--:·.:·


'"
~ ~ . .. ~· .,r- ·-
.J :wf~ :.- ~ ; ~-- .
<} J'L · · ··
~
The answers to. these · q1.1estions lead us to believe that the form
of white participation, as practiced in the past, is now obsolete.
j ;.;.·:. :::
)i[:
' '.,
..,
which trerve as a pr·e view to a broader st11dy on the subject.
.\
or
._
whites to relate ' to the cultural aspe ct s of
I
..:
Black soc 1 etv; att! t11aee that whi tea, conscionsl-v ·or unconscious- · ·'
.
"i · · ·


~1·;·1·.· ·__., ... ·.: ~ . #', j·.'


ly, brin~ to Blacl-r. com·"luni ties abont themselve s · (wes te rn s uperior- .~
I.
.
.



_;'?: ,.· ·'._.,".. :/' -. ·. i ty) and about Black neon le (paternalism); i n a bili tv t o s ha t ter




-~ ft(~~:-:~·\{:-.:~~ '.
·: 'r;:1-.': ·, · (; ·,
<}


--:.


·.· ·. ~:
whi ta-sponsored comm11ni t v m~rths of Black - j_nferj or i tv a nd self,
\
. ne.liation; ina., i li ty to combat the v i ews ·of t he Bl ack .commnni ty
... ..
>:i .. ::a:u:::::;o::::::::;:i::i:::::: c:o:::o:h:::c:o:::::i::::rds'
~- , 1! •
t : ::
\ · t~J:i. :_ '. _: .
-..
• .• -
t, ;
\.- ~
/•
'.:;
··{ '
,j l
• I
·., I
. ..
,·r
.. • r
u .....
t
hrelationships" ( s ex ); the unwillin~n~ss of whit~s to deal with


_


. :- i
i
•
the ho s t i l i ty of the _Black, community on the i ssll e of interra cial
the roots of racism which lie within the white community; whites,
though individua~ ••11benal", are symbols of o~pression _to the ·


•'


·f 1 .
. :r
~·1
I
Black community -- due to the collective power
that whi~es 'have
I





r
I
.,
. .• .
,
over Black lives.·
..
Because of' these rea11J,.,ns, which f'o:rce us to view America thr~ugh
..'
~ ~~
!
~:
,. '
,' ~
'I
i
..
the eyes · or victims, we advocate a conscio,1e chanr,-e .in the role of
t ) ·,.:·.:~;'-' .,:· .whites, . ,.,h~ch
.
. ir , .- . . ,.-


.r.;:r ·': /: _.: ·,


will be in t •me with the develoning self~ c on s ci ous .
.
.
.
- ' ..
ness . and :_self-ass~~\ion :o:.. ·_~h~ -~froi..arn.~rican people.
'
�~ ~
~J
-- - ------------------...

=~
---,.,., .
-- ---·-.
... ... -·- -·-- - - -ffl•'l'~~J -... ! ..:!·.~-143.215.248.55
~
- .,
-~
-
-...
,.-
...
.
~.
,.,
--·
.
.' ,
.j
,·
, .'t"
•
1'•
(
, ,;
.,
I:.
~
-I
. ...
•".
---· ~. ... ~,-.. ,,.
.~
...
•
' ,...
l
... ,..:
",
. ·-....
... ·.• .~-
ff
.. '


·.1j·_ V,ai


'
... ,.-
.•
.
. !
..... ' :
..
' ......
'
•
....·


~ .


,.,
l"·." ...
1
..
-:.
.J"
In conttl,uding. we cstatG ' thet our posjtion ~oes
"}. .
~
steili from
&gainst white ~~opl~, but from a conscien-
ha.trea." or
tious effprt ~o develop the best methods of solving our national
'
.
problem_.
I



,>




"!'
·',,
'i
1·
<
·)
'
., .
f
"r
.:
.i
••.
-·
.
\
l
• ,' Ii.
'···
j ·-'~
·.


~


. :·
~-.: ,.!.:~:
... ~. ,
• I
·,·
...~-
, ,.:
":\:.
' '·
·.:
-
i
r.
.,
.
'.
I
.. ,. ,
1~·
i
t.
4
·1 .·
.
-:.··
.




. . . . ...






·,


.. . !


'·
'. ~
'
>
•·
'
,
. ,~· .
~
. ,.
'
.. '
•,j .. ,
!:;·,.
•\
-
~
•
!
l
l
,i
i
,_
·,
'I
·..{


 
.


l
.' !
i ~.
.
'·
•\
.
-,:
!
~
.
·.[
~
.,
-~
.,·1
)·
~-
,._.
·,; '
("
\
·.·
,/


,


~- -


.. .


·_.;
,:
'
, •II'
·~
.....
••
I
~
I
·,
'
i •:"'
I-
. '·-;
I
I
'I
._..,i
. .,,.:I
,-
.,
•-;...·
• ,..
LT • h,_..
~
\ ,
'.'i
-- ~ --
.~
-
'.!.::::i
.
•
... :: . .! .


. ~ '.}(F,~

. ,>.




~
.
•·:
'
- I
••
., '• -
-
-
,• • • • ~l,
• _ _.. •
I
~;..
,
r~
,• .,.'.!••• _,__.
•
, ..
·-.
.I
\
' '·
�~
{,&,rat:;;~:-;;.,e;.-;:., -~~
--::t··•- .....-•
•j
I
.:_?


-?


..
.• :l
. -
-
• "'"':
~
- ~!':
·:
•
,
•": - : - " ' . - : " . ' :..
~. -:. - ."'.'
. ":"
. •'.""..~ . - : - - ' . ' . •
"•
.":'
. '."."
.. ~
_ . --- -••-
.
'.'"'
_ -:'."'
,. _ __ ; ,_
• -. p_.....,., . ~., , ·.·.- ·
~- , , .. .,._._
.,
.f
..,
.
1\
~
_ .t,, --~ ... . _,_ ," : . : ·..
/
.
1.
•, •, ,• •
··- ~
....
• ...
,
P
•





"'\~
•
'#;
'·
'
'-
-
.!.-=----=:-==
-·= =;-=-:-:======= .=
.
.
Ne'g ro ;i;i so·nJehow incapable of liberating
ouL of the
•
__
,,,.:
--
A111erican experience.
/
In the
books that children read, whites are always "good" ( good symbols
.
"I
I
· ' · .are white ), Bla~ks
'. t ...
r
-~.
.:.,
-- - - -_-__..;
_
.
I: .
...
i . - . .t
hi ms elf, is lazy, etc. can1e
·. ·1
~
.,,
• • ••

~=--=-=-=----------\
'rhe u,yH, t.he.4- ~he





. ,


t


°'::--..

- -- - - -- - ••
--. ~ --~
"-


-.,. ,.-


~
. =_ _
_ ____._
_
I
•••- . -- -
• : -
.: ·:- ·-- · :. _- -- : :·
.. ~---:·--'. ; '"•. -:!-~
.:,~~.:; •,:-;::_-p;_-":"..,. ' '
- ~ _,_..,.......,,.....,,=--,:,::;e,;:==:=-=:~ ..-,_::,, ._,-;._._.,





_ _,..,
__
_ - ,- •• -• •
-
,
..
language is ref~rred to as a "dialect", and Black people in this country
'
·.·.
...
'.'•
are "evil" are seen as "savages" in movies , their
a.re supposedly descended from savages.
,
•• •
I
Any
white
pe~son
.
.
.
.
. who comes. into the Mov~ent has these concepts
..
in his mind about Black people, if ·only subconsciously.
I
He cannot
escape them because the whole society has geared his subconscious in
I
.. i"
-~-~ :· :
that direction.
!)._·:
Miss ~merica coming from Mississippi has a chance to represent
I···
I '· .
-...
,,
' ; .t'
.
\I
..
<
It~
• J.• ·
f
! .
~
'
.': • ~
1: ·1t
,.
..
,-. {·
_, .
I
• I
~-
·. j-_.·
'
l•
~-~
all of America·, but a Black person from neiflre r Mississippi or New
'
.
.
'
•
York will ev_e r represent Arr.erica. So that white people coming int o the





•
I
,
'. :
.•
,
•
•
•
•
•
•
-we>rd "black", cannot relate to the "Nitt'y Gritty", canno t r elate t o the
experience that brought such a word into b e ing, cannot relate to
.
.!
.. _1.
~
,
Mov~rnen~ canno_t relate to the Black experience, cannot relat e t o t he
•


,}



.
'·.
....
.'~
.



-


0
\, ;(;
. ;.
.
I
•
•
•
chitte.rlings, hog's head cheese, pig feet, ham hocks , and ca nnot
•
!
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
relate to slavery, because these things are not a part of their experience •
'
<i~.:.·,...·-
T h_ey a lso cannot relate to the ,B l a ck religious experience, nor to the


·


'c - .. '


i:· :, ; :·:...


Black c hur ch unless , of course, this chu r ch has taken on white
. J_ .: .
'
,,
\:
...
'
.......


~


,.;f
'·,
if
.. ,.,.
I -;~
·'i





. manife s ta t i ons •
Negroes in t his country hav e never been allowed to organize them-
..
selves because of white interference.
')_
,.
(i~
As a r esult of this, the ster-
eotype has been r~infX>rced that Blacks cannot organize t h e m s elv es.
T he white psych~logy that Blacks have to be watc h e d, als o reinforces
'
I
t his s t ereotype ,
Blacks, in fact, fee l in t imidated ~y the presence
of whit e s, because of their k nowledge of the p ower that whites have over
.,
their
lives. ,One
whit
e pers·on
can' come
into
a meeting
of Black people
.
_. .
,.·.
....· .
.
. _·: _
·..•
_:t
..-~
(.
.I
'
i.
'
'
·and.. cha~ge
the
complexion
of
tha.t ...meeting, whereas
one Black person
.. .
. .
.
.
.
.
.
'


.


.
.
w9_u ld not change the complexion_of that meeting unless he was an ,





..
.
.
·.
. )' .
..
.
.
f.





·. ,.
. ' : . :_ ' ... ~
. ~
~
j
�;q
·Dilt.t;i r~ I ~,.;Jt:'!, ~ii______________________ ,,.__ _ _ _ _ _ _ ______~
~- 4 .. .. .. , ... '
·. ~-
1~
4':1'··~ -
't !! .. . ..
• ·- ·- - ... ,,..._ -- - ,- . - - _....-·-- .: . ..
_.__j._....;......._,,..,.,.;,,=""~~-.,.~-,-,~-~-.....,_..,,..
_,..,,
___,,.,._.,..,.
__ =,:;
_ · . :i " • - .
•t .....,... _
..- .
-
.:
. ....
·,
.
I
• '.
r • r• - ~ :-,:,.._T__,,~:_r. r ~
obvious Uncle Tom.
't
·-,,-~,
.
-
. .-
•
- • • ' ,. 4
•
•,
'
~
r ., . .
•
=--·.:.;...c.;.• • =-~·~~ - -·-
. ------ ---------.-----========-=======
.People would immediately start talking about
"brotherhood", "love".; etc.; race would not be discussed.
l





If people must express themselves freely, there has to be a climate
I .
I
I ,
l:;
.'



.




. :
'
· are not liable to vent the rage that they feel about whites in the presence
.. '
. •. · : ·.
'
in which they can do this. If Blacks feel intimidated by whites, then they
,.
'






' _i...


I' •
'!
,
••: .
organize, i.e., the broad masses of Black people.
. i
I
~ _;





of whites---especially not the Black people whom we are trying to
·:
. .., be created whereby Blacks can express themselves.
. . ..
~
A climate has to
The reason that
~
. :~ ..
. .,
whites must be _e xcluded is not that one is anti-white, but because
.
the efforts that one is trying to achieve cannot succeed because whites
r. '._have an intimidating
. . .
effect.
Oft times the intimidating effect is in
direct proportion to the amount of degradation that Black people have
·'
,'
':.
{
.
'! •
•
suffered at the hands of white people.
It must be offered that white people who desire change in this country .-
'
.·:,.
. .. ;"
..
.
should go. where that problem (of racism) is most manifest.
That
·!
i:
\'
p;-oblem is not in the Black community.
The white people should go
into whi~e communities where the whites have created power f or the
••
1•
i:.
express of denying Blacks hlllman dignity and self-determination.
Whites who come into the Black community with ideas of change seem
'··'-.~
to want to absolve the power structure of its r~sponsiblity of what it
j>
.tji
,: · .,
t
ji ;
.r.-
!·
a.,
.~!
I
is doing, and saying that change can only come through Black unity,
I· t





'
I
j
,,
j
'/ 1
/_
.,~ I I
..
which is only the worst kind of paternalism.
This is not to say that
whites have not had an important role in the-Movement.
In the case
, · ' 1.
of Mississippi, their role was very key in that they helped give Blacks
,, :
.
I
the right to organize, but that rcle is now over, and it should be.
1.
People now have the right to picket, the right to give out l eaflets,
,.
the right to vote, the right to demonstrate, the right to print• .
i,. .
I
. Il
These things which revolv·e around the right to organize have been
•I•
. accomplished mainly because oftthe entrance of white ·people· into
.,
Mississippi• - i~ :the ·aummer of '6~. i Since these goals have now been
, ... :
I
_,
�-:..~ k.··~ ~-:.:.:_.:'.;"-~~.,.;,_,.,,_:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _:;_;.
·.(~
..;,,tv......<. - ·· - •• • ;., .• - .
<~; ~- · ·~-·
--
-
••
• •
•• .. .


,:_ ·- -· ·-· ··


i :r:·· . . -.,.,~-143.215.248.55-~:':- ~~ ~-. ...
·· ·· ·
• - ·
-
•
•• •
..
•
-
. - ·· · -
• -
-· ·
-
--- -- - · · ·· -
- - - - --.
·.·•· .· .
• -- • -
--~


143.215.248.55·-_- -~--~--- -


'
·"=---~ ,-~-~-~-~
..
· ·· --·
.
j
-
·: · ·
,. -..
~
- - - -_ ~- - __ .. .._.


~


·--.-- ·
accomplished, the.ir (whites) role in the Movement has now ended.
,.
'
• :·
What does it mean if Black people, once having the right to organize,
•i
are not allowed to organize themseives? It means that Black's ideas
..
I
., .
'
. ·,
.•
I
'
wnites are the '~b~·ichls" behind the Movement .and Blacks cannot
.
IE ;, •


.


.





.:.
.· .
. :.
.. :
..
'•
i-'t .. .
i:
i
function without whites.
This only serves to perpetuate existing a tti t ude s
within the existing society, i.e., Blacks a.re "du~b", "unable to
.
.·,· , .
'. s
.'
Further
(white participation) means in. the eyes of the Black community that
I,


~


Shouldn1 t people be able t o
organiz_e . themse,l ves? Blacks should be . given this right.
,.


 :·~~:


about inferiority are being reinforced.
.•
take care of business", etc.
Whites are iN.na.rt", the "brains" behind
everything.


~ i


How do Bla cks rela te to other Blacks as su ch? ' How do we react
I
'i





'
I
. ;, . ·to Willie Mays as against Mickey Mantle?
~
. .;
I· .. . .
...
,, 1
i·
What is our response to
Mays hitting a home-run against Mantle performing t he same deed?
Is our interest in baseball ordered by our appreciation of t he ar tis try
of the game, or is it ordered by .the participation of Neg roes in
· ,,. · · Baseball? One has to come to the conclusion t hat it is be caus e of
·· .
..1 ....
·i.,, - .


-~ •


..,
_; i
....
..
.
Black pc3;rticipatiori in baseball.
.. .,.
,
,
' .; : :
Negroes still i de ntify with the Dodger.s
. because of Jackie Robinson 1 s efforts with the Dodge r s.
Negro es
~
"J
...
....
would i n s tinctively champion all- Black t e.:im s if t h ey opposed all-
..
white o r p r edom i nate_ly white t e a ms.
The same p rinciple operates
'I
for the Move ~ e 11t as it does fo r baseb all: a mystique must be
created whereby Negroes can identify with the Movement.
Thus an all-Black project is needed in order for the people
•
themselves.
,.
•'
'
I
I
I


,


This has to exist from the beginning.
what can be called "coalition politics".
'
~
i
I
to
h:.a·e
• '
This relates to
'
There is no doubt in our
· minds that sane whites a;i:e just as disgusted with this system as
..
·J
we are.





•
But it is meaningless to talk 'about coalition if the r e is no


.


one to align ou'rs ·e lves• ·with, because of the lack o! organi:i.a~ion i n
• t


·


\.
the white communities.
there can be no ·talk -of "hookingcoupj' unless
I
�~ · ~ ~ ~ ~ : ;':-143.215.248.55 15:44, 29 December 2017 (EST)J.-.-,l~
·'1'
.. \' .......
r . •.. ..
'
,.
·.~ '..
··"
l
- .---, ·· '
' -"'1"1
.
1f
•
-
~-
.
... --
-·, ,-
~
~
..~-~~ :.:...~- .:- --
Black people organize Blacks and white people organize whites.
·i
-I
.l:
.:l1 :.
are going in the same direction- talks about exchange of personnel, ·
1.
J
1'·~
coalition, and other m .eaningful alliances can be discussed.
.,
'i-J .
.i: ··
·f.





!
whereby we thought that our problems revolved around the right to
I .
'
In the beginning of the Move·m ent; ~e had fallen into a trap
. '
'·
·1·
eat at certain lunch counters or the right to vote, dr to organize
. '·
':t. t
\
·-·'·
1•·.
I•.


.-


If
these conditions are met, then perhaps at some later date- and ii we
· J:
. '
r


.i•


,~
)
,·
,
.
- - ------ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -..-.'""."'1..._- - - "' ..- - - - - - ---- --.----.-.. -....'-~~-
communities.
. . deeper.
...
' ;
....
ct.ir.:
have seen, however, that the problem is much
The probietn of this country, as we had seeh it, concerned
i
\
. I
j'
,· :··
, I
. : .,
)
w~
ollr
'
old Blacks and old whi~es (and therefore) if decisions were left
. to 't~~ young people, theh solutions would be arrived at.
negates the history of Black people and whites.
. j
But this
We have dealt
I
stringently with the proble ili of "Uncle Tom·", but we have not yet
. 'gotten ~round to .Simon Legree.
.
f
?-
real vil~ian?
'
We ·must ask ourslves who is the
,.- .
·,
.. 1 .
•
~
Uncle Tom or Si~on Legree? Everybody knows
Uncle T6m, but who knows Simon Legree?
I
1
So \k.rhat we have now (in SNCC) is
i
i
~
closed so~iety.
A clique.
.
· Black people cannot relate t,.:, SNCC, because of its unrealis tic, non
racial atmosphere; denying their experiences of America as a racist
society.
In contrast, SCLC has a staff that at least maintains a
Black facade.
The front office is virtually all-Black, but nobody
accuses SCLC of being 'racist".
...,~' .
If we are to procee d towards t r ue liberation, we must cut ourselves
off from white people ••• We must form our own institutions, credit
1,.. ••
. -~.
unions, co-ops, political parties,· write our ,own histories.
Dne
illustrating·.· example, is the SNOC "Freedom Primer". Blacks
cannot relate to that book psychologi.,,ally~ because white people
wrote it and, therefore it pre~ents a white viewpoint. _
· To proceed f~rther, let us make some comparisons_ be tween the
.,/
l
!.'
�,
...
.
--· ·
~!
-~.
.
_ :
-·-= ' ,...
.
...- -~
.• ··~ ·-:,, - .. --r - - .. - . ., ·- ·- • •..
I : -~• •, .. ... -. ,..-.,,. ... -.. ,.., n,•.-: ·~,'";"r,,"W1':•~~•-~ •
..-,1~•
~ - - - -.............=-:c!!=~--
·· ··:--..:.-:-:- ~
•
)
-:..:.
-,
'
i
"


-- ••


- .-
..: -,·.··
.

····- ·---. -
-
.

-
I


=··-·- ·= =====


_..- :_:_- -::. :~: : - ~:..-=..
.
Black Movement of the ( early) 1900 1 s and the Movement of the
1960 1 s --- the NAACP with SNCC.
Whites subverted the Niagra
. I
-~
Movement whichr at the outset, was an all-Black Movement.
i
.
The
•
I'
1·.. .
t :-: -. .
name of the new organization was also very revealing, in that it il;..
4 .__


-


,1:•,..-~ :
presupposed that Blacks have to be advanced to the level of whites.
We are now aware that the NAACp has grown reactionary, is controlled by the power-structure itself, and stands as one of the •.main
roadblocks to black freedom.
.,.
SNCC, by allowing the whites to remain
i
in the organizati~n, can have its ·efforts subverted in the same manner;
I·
. [
i.e., through having '·them play important roles such as community
. !
I~_;~· ..
.;
I
'








I
· organizers, etc., · Indigenous leadership cannot be built with whites in
O
•
i . .... '
· i ·..-;
it ·:, .. .
.J/· _:: ' ·..
the positions ·they now hold.
These £acts do not mean that whites cannot help.
....;J,. . .
,i::)
icipate on a voluntary basis.
.i
They can part-
We can contract work out to them, but


[


( :
( "',
. :,
in no way can they participate on-a policy-making level •
The cha_rge may be made that we are "racists", · but whites who
~
'
•1
.
·.',


-r•.


I'.
... '
. -, !.
t
•
'..
. . our own destiny.
J
If persons insist on remaining because of their
..;·'
,,:r ..
longevity, or because they have feelings that we are indebted to them.
} -~-.
~,
are sensitive to our problems will realize that we must determine
• 4
'
r








We, as Black people, must re-cv:aluate our history, our ideas of
I
.,
self, the world, Africa and her contributions to
mankind.
We
must take the credit for our contributions to this society _and to the
·,
• '<'
world.
Credit will be given to white people where it is due, but ·
surely our contributions must .be given credit.
I
These. myths ( of
inferiority and "savager~ ) must be broken by,' Black people, so
.
.
.
'
that no mistake can be. made about who is accomplishing what for
whom.
This is one way to ·break the myths.
'
As to the charge of "Black racism", as against white supremacy:
.
·;
we can say .that the racial makeup of any organization does .not a:nake_
it racist, i.e., , supreme court makeup of all white judges, Black
�•
...
.,
~
'.;
~~··
---·.....





...
-;
.
~-
.. . .. : ..::
-, Et-:
.
- ......,..,-:- -.-..~~-
.
-
- ;: . ·"
--
..
·. :··· · ·
...
~
l
_ _,;,
--,.;-~
... .,. T
-~-
.:..
)


.·


.,i
churches and Black businesses being all Black.
The naming of the n_ewapaper, "Nitty-Gi-itty", which ae_rvcd to polarize the feel-
' l,
. ings of race, illustrated in a very graphic manner the attitudes that whites have

towards cultural aspects of our society.
•,
The whites were opposed to the name
and Blac-ks were affirmative on the issue.
...
.;
The alternative was the
11
surely such a name could not speak to the needs of grass-roots Black peopl e •
Black people can say to the "Nitty-Gritty": I can see mrself there.
Can .say to
Mays hitting a home run: I see _m yself there. ; Can say t~ the Atlanta Proj ect:
.
,, ~.
I see myself there f
"i
..
· ,
~ ·:
• '
.·r . .
l '


i ·,


•
'·
.I
'
• •
I-~
J


.


.
··.
cl '
....,..
A tla'xita Voi c e"
"..,


,


•
•
. .
•,'
l
.
~
~
i
it
. -: ..
J.~;.
i
~
.
~
'.
' ·
i
.
f
·,
•


.


.~
.,
f. '
,\
i ' .""

I
.'
!
'l ,
.,
• :·
I .. .
. ,,
.
.
...
. '
·,,





·'\ ·_ : .


.


, , •,
,.,·· . ·'·'
F\:tc:·.·•. ::.·-. .
.
<
.:
'
,·
.-
i• •
t
.
...
(
. :f
.
.
, •
~
...
. ..
.
l·,,
. ..
! ':


~


I
,
. •"J.
•.
i.-
..
·.i .
I·,,_ ,
.,
.
.'•I
....·· .. :
. .· ,. ·.
I.
.
/
I


1


·'I
,.!
'
'
.;
'!
.: ,:
•
•\
I•
I
..,,..·.
/'
. . . .....
. :_n
'
.





.~


....'·["



...


i
'
.
.•
•.
\
I
.
~
I
.!
,.,
l
•
f
I,
•.
.. ~
.., . .
i: ,·
I ,•
·t
/I . ::;
..
. 1
I
I
l .
~
.
.··:_.; . ~
,'
•


•


.•
'
.1.
I
•
I ,,,
\
••·•
~
.·
..
�....11
... ...
~
•• ,:_. •
.. .. -


-.: -· •


··-
•
1
... .. j ·--~~,- .:·:·: ·· ........ ·-:-- --::-: . ,· . ~-.. .
•
- .· -:- -
•
-
. - -~ --~
•
• • •
- - --- -
•
t' ' ~
.
•
•.
.;.
• -
.·,-,. - .. ....
'
,
. --; ,_- -:·
. ..
'.~ · - - - ~ --;. -
.


~h_.............


~------"=·-~,...._..,,--:===-e-'..;,,.·,;.,-·~ - -~·,-======~-:-."'·--lki=
=.'·r---e---·:.!..!:L- ~~-:::.---·.:=·=-~:~-~


 ::::


' =====:::==:::========-=========l
One point I would lik~ to f:'r.'it,:1.::.;:.l s is the failure on the
..
part o-.f conscious whites ancl Rlae, 1;;., :~n cleRling with the


j


...
J
'
'J
American reality in terms of differences.
J
'i


_1


·•' ;
.~
~





to emphasize t~e analysis of the differences bet~een Black and
.. .
1 / :
1
..
,
'
•:
.,
<
We are beginning
white people.
There has been an escap~st attitude on the pa~t of SNCC
.j
T
,
,· ;
of )143.215.248.55ing
at the problem as if race did not matter.
--~~,..
-:,..,~
This
negates the special history of Black people in this country,


1·.


. ·. .':..
.-_mainly the slavery period and the inhumRn forms of segregat- ·
· ion we have been forced to su~fer.
~nether important point
is that most Blacks and whites tend to view ~lacks in the
light of _the my-th e that the power s true ture has ore a ted and
perpetrated in this country.
Black people are considered as
"citizens" along the same lines as white people
in
this count-
ry, when in reality, Black people are a semi-colonialized
people, victims ·o r a domestic colonialism.
..
,.
•.
.,,
Our introduction·
into this country occured during the same time as the partition of Africa and Asia by the European powers, so that
the American ins.t i tut ion of · slav.ery was, too , _ a form of
, I,
I
·-1·


.


Western Colonialism.
. ,,'1·
~~1 ;'!- ·',
' i":
\
Therefore Black people in this country
.,
,( .•I
. l
afift in the same way as ao other colonial p~i;:.ples to their
environment and experience, but the myths of America labels


.


_· j
,j
n
',





them citizens which is an unreal attitude.
Also, one of the main blocks in terms of Black self-
/
recognition antl self-identification in this c9untry has been
I
interference f~om the dominant white society.
'.
.
From the 1900's
to the priesent time Afro-Amer-ican writers and thinlcers have
had to contend with the encroachment
.
of white intellectuals
upon 'l:;heil" culture arid . upon ·~;heir thou 6 hts.
t·ot ·o·nly cH:d the
white inte11ectua1s .·encroaoh upon their thought and culture
�:~:


.
. ! .,,


.
·......
_ · .. _ . . .
··-~ r-i:- -..:· . ·- -
t~; .... .,._ ~ . .;:a--_-7:"-::·:
--<-
. ·, .
.
. - ·- -: - ·
.
-
, - -· · ··
- ·. - · r.,:~""' ~ -· ;~- -
-· ..,• ·- -
_ b-ub· they- l>rought .
-·
.,
- bacl_-cground
. ..
-
.:· -· .
'
.
• '., If • :"· ....._.,. '
. .. . ~""'-.
·- .!:'.
. .~t. - --. • •
-
,,,.. ....
- ·- · .--.-,..,..'.:.icc:..::"..:==.: ·..:.: ,::;~--.ll ~ · ·.. ·=:
- ============::;;;;:: ==·=
to it t-heir -whole American
~
of racism and paternalism so that Black culture
was potrayed as something being base, second-r~te or below
the culture of the United States, which was consi<'lered ."serious"
'
or "real 11 •
music.
'


/






-~~·
. :-
This music which is rooted in the whole experience
of .our people in this country was not even named by Black
...
•'
(
One grap_hic example of this is modern Afro_;, American
..
r
·p eople.
Modern Afro-American music
is named
II
jazz", which
.,. ;-
. ;i . ; ..
._
I


 :f _. ; : .


' ,r
't
I
(r.
~
is a term that is derived from white · American society.
It
is w~{te ~iang to~ sexual intercourse; so that otir musid ~hich
,, j
mo.y- be called the maii1stram of our culture ·was l<'.lolced upon
~-)
i' .?
! •
·I .
"
as being :base and
second~r at a or dirty and containing aen-
.1
sousness, sexuality a nd other exoticisms.
II :
!
l:
.j .'
.
i.; -.
•'
J'.
1J :./ ,: -: .
..,
~ ~~
'•
j •


.'


.,
r
This however
says mo~e about the white American psyche than it does about
aspects of Afro - American culture.
•
One of the c~!ticisms of wh i t e mili t a nts and radicals is
that when we ~iew the masses of white people we view the
ov~rall reali ty of Americ a , we view the racis~, the b i gotry ,
a.nd the dis tortion of pe r s onal i t y, we view .man's inhumanity
t o man; we view in reality 180 million r ac is t s.
white int ol~c tual
and rad i c al
The sepsit i ve
who is figh t ing to bring ·
about change is c onscious . of t his f act, but does no t have
,_:i ...
_; t he courage to admit this.
Whe n. he admi ts this reality,
t he n he must also admit his invol veme nt bec aµse -he is a par.t
/
of the colle c t1ve white Amer ic a.
,,
I t is onl,Y t o t he extent that
he recognizes this that he will be able to change this _reality.
Another concern is how does· the white radical view the Black
Community and .how does he view the_ poor white community in terms
of' organizing.
So far, we have found that most white r-ad-lcals
have sought · to escape· the horrible reality of' America by going
===~1
�-··~t~~,: 1Wf: :r:.:.•~~i,•,l~,,.f~ - - -----------------------------"""""'.'~:
~; 1:j .· .:. ;_ ·- ; .
.
·-->--··' '
.-r.::-~
~
~
=====-=====-=====1
'::•
I~
.;4 ,- ~--. · ·








0!,
-
.
.. . . _ , _ _


., ... - ·. ... ,.,.. :: ' ., 7'?:>'·- . .


--
~ : ~-...


_ ; . ~:-.


,
-l .
• -
,,
. ..
.. .- - :-- ..
.
.
..• ..
.
···· ····- -
.• . , ,- ·--
7 - · , , . ·-: - - -
-
..
·- -
_ _ ____ ..
.,
~
._
·- - · - - ~ " " ' ~ , • . , ,
- - --- \· ,.. .· ·. ·---
·.--- ·-··
· •"'.°'. -·~.
. " . , .
-~-l.
f..,
. . .
·· ··-·· ·· · ·
'
• .
-
·into the Black Com~unity and attempting to organize Black
.people while neglecting the o~g~nlzation of their pwn
..'
• . •:
. ' , people's racist communities.
'.
·r . , •··
•<l
•
.
..
How can one clean up some-
.: _.one el~lly'a~d when one's own yard is untidy?
..
.. i'eel that
SNCd
Again we
and the civil rights movement in general is
. in many aspects similar to the anti-colonial situations in
tbe African and Asian countries. · we have the whites in the
.Movement corresponding . to the white civil servants and mis-
!
·.1
,:
'





(
l ~.
r;
' sionaries in the colonial countries who have worked with the
J. ·
colonlal people for a long period of time and have developed
1· ,
· -a paternalistic attitude toward them.
.
I· .
...
The reality :or the
r ·•·


i ;


colonial peopli taking over their own lives ana controlling
'!
r
their own destiny must he faced.
. >


- :--


r
1
Eaving to move aside and
letting this natural process of growth and development ta~:Cing
~
'.
place must l:>e faced.
These views should not be equated with
outside influence or outside agitation hut should be -view~d ·
as the natural process of growth and . development within a
·movement; so that the move by the Black militants iri iSNCC
in this direction should be viewed as a turn towards s elf-dete rmina t i on.
I t i s very ironic and curiouE how ~·ar e whi t e s in this
c ount_ry c an champion anti - coloni ali sm in othe r countries in
_. Af rica, As i a , a nd Lat in Ame r i c a , but when Black people move
•
t
J
V
r .i'
.,
·,
f :I
f
towards simila r goals of s elf- det e_rmina tion ;1n thi~ country
,,
they are viewed· as· racists a nd anti-white by these same pro1
gressive whites.
In proceeding further, · i~ can be said that
this attitude - de~ives from-the overall point of view of the
white .psyche · as 'it ; concerna the black people~ · This attitude ·· ·stems · 'troni- the EH'~ of the slave ·revolts· ·when every- white ·: man
y • '
I ,
1•, \
•' ' •
~ \ ,: •., / ' /
t
, -.,
~
•
t~
,.
I
.
·, ,
~
.
.
~
',
'.
• i , •:',I
' I •
�·. ... ..._. ,_ .. . l~..gi.}_'"'.""-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _l.)
·,~--~
~~ i .-:.m£\1~~.
. ! 't-,j•, .
~
..


~


.
•. •
' -
~ i:;
., ,;! •. ~ .... ··- -:.
- - .,:: .
· ·, -~ , .. . , ... - ..... .. : - :;: J .. ~
•
•
t . ' ': •'
I-~·'
• •
i- ~
!: ·-.-~
• .
. - - ~: -- .·;·, .. ___ ._.,....._-- ·ir_•• '!""t,.
•,
..:
-
~~..,..,..~
- ..~·""'==-""'-~-.',-,
...,...,
. _,.,.,.___,.....,,,,,=·.,,,;·====·= - ~.........::--~-:...t_....· ~
.
·. ·,,·, 1. . · .- -...... ·;-
-.. -~.... ~ _•,:_...:.:., ....._~~·- ..-:.
.. ,...,,..,_
~
========== ============-!
=
· =
)
-~ was a potential deputy o~ sheriff or guArdian of the State ~
..-.. ..
·,
t
. ..
': ;
.:. .
.
~


i


.
..
Because wh~n Black people ~ot toget her among themselves to work
•
out the~r problems, it be6ame a threat to white pe~ple, becau~e
.
such meetings were _potentiat slave revolts~
. 'l ..
.l .: ·,.·· -: ..'
•
• l
• ,,
i -,:.: ' ·-· :.', · .
.!F ~. -~
I
1.1 ~
.
1
•
.
~
••
"
~~





ed that this attitude or way 'of thinkirtg has 'perpetuated itself·
to this current pe~iod and that it is part of the psyche of
.
~-
.
white people in this country whatever their political per-
I
-~
.





It uan be maintain- .
.
.
.
' :,
suasion might be.
~
..





It is part 6~ the white fear-gui~t com-
-~. . plex -.1·esult-ing from the slave revolts.
There have be'en
-: { .
i . .. .
examples of whiteR who stated that they can oeal with black
1 ,· ,·
,! . - .
J


j


l
I
I, ,
. .
~
I
fellows on an individual b~sis but become threatened· or
. '.
• ,: •


,


<
, . men·a oed by the presence of groups of Blacks..
.
1. ' , , .
i}' .
.
I t can be main-
te.1.ned that this attitude is held by the majority of progress-
I
ive ~bites in this country.
It is a very grave error to mis t ake Blac!t se1.f'-asse r t :ic::o.


£or


racism or Black supremacy.
Black people in th i s count r y .·
more so than th~ colonial people~ .of the world know wha~ it
,J,
means to be ~ictims of racism, bigotry, and s lave ry.
..•:
Real-
'·
i zing our predictame nt f rom these inhuman a tt itud es i t would
be r idiculous for us to turn around and perpet~ate the same
reacti onary outlook on other people.
We mor e than anyone
else realize the i mportanc e of achie ving the type of society,
. the type of world whereby people can be viewed as human be·ings.
The means of reaching these goals must be, h9wever, from the
.!
point of view of respecting the differences~etween peoples a
I
and cultures and not pretending that everyone· is the s ame and
the refusal to respect differences is one of the reasons that ·
·,1
.I : .
,.I
t he w9rld is exploding today~
Also expa nding upon t he ni ffer-
..
�:._: rt . · ·
I r-;--
._.
i
•
~~


.; ..~?.!'-:~·t·~-~-·"-'· ·-·. '·,:!"!.-


... i'
l ;;_'{, '.,~f :-:":--:"··,,;:~·
"I
.
.:..,.)





-
•
.. .
r;;;,,e-
- ••• - '
.,
··
i~_,,, .....,, . ·· -~.;:i
•.
·-
'
'
- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -. --.--. ___....
___ - --~
- -~ -~---~
--~
.-~...
'
,.-~ - . ... .... ··- :_ .•- .
.... .. .. •
......
. ' .; . " ; . ~...... ........
.... . . - . .
•• • _ ..
~;2;,,.:.. ::;- ...U - ·- · · ' - ·-


·t .


. perpetuating the myth of white ·supremacy.
"'
.
"i;," .. ~ -......-·'
'-:=":'=~~
.,.; .. ~,··.~
..
. · -.::::·~~...~ ': ;.. r.::::, ~· .;.. ..
"intcgt-atic,n 1!._.0d .pr-ogress then one is really
•.
..-- - ·-if one·· 'i~~\u,~-
~



b, -




-
·-
-
One is s:3-ying
that Blacks have nothing to contribute, and should be willing
.
. !
to assimilate into the mainstream of Great white civilization,
.,
I
j . .
~
.
\


·


f
.;1 ·.
·-· .,
'•





I
1
'
~
·,
!
ii••!
I .,
!•.
I
·'
A through re•examination must be made by hladk people
concerning the ' contributions that we have made in shaping
If this re•examination and re-evalttation is not
this .country.
{ i•l
i.e. the west.
made, and Black people are not given their proper due and
-;..
r
i .
respect, then the antagbnisms and contradictions a~e going to
become more and more glaring, more and more intense until a
·::
national explosion may resu~t.
~
'..; ·1r .
.,l
When people attempt to move from these conclusions it
'
l
.,:·!.
·t f


. ,


would be faulty reasoning to say they are · ordered by racism,
';: i: l
r,
C
.· .•.:
• •
·.·..: \'· :
.. l:
··~
.
j !.
\j;
~·?:
I ,.
i ·.
(



,




1 . '





,
I
i
• •.
~
'
We all know the ha.voe that this has created through -
The r~ fore any re-evaluation that we must make will, for
. ;
i
people.
this country.
L
'
· ·. ioned as a type of white nationalism whe n dealing with Black
out the world and particularly among non-white people i n
!
. ,'
because, in this country and in the west, Racism has· funct •
. ..
·I
the mos t part, deal with identifica tion.
Who a r e Black
people; wha t are Black pe ople; what is their relationship
.,
r - •.
r
.
to America and the World?
·.1
' i ·.
,
It must be repe a t ed that t he whole myth . of "Negro CitizenI
ship"~ perpetuated by the Hhite Power Elite, ,has confused the
j
' ·t
'
, • •
t ..
... l
l
I
1
1
thinking of radical and progressive blacks and whites in this
country.
The broad masses of Black people react to American
Society in the same manner as colonial peoples react to t he
.
v
west in Africa, and Latin American, and have the same r elationship - ·that
or
.
the oolonized towards.· the colonizer.
·,
- -·- . ... . -~- .. ...:.. ,: . .. .. . ; .


.-


.-
�rr:,. •t,!lli$,Z -~ t y;f.af " •.,.:·i~~4,_______________________________~o::- ••.. ,•• ~.- - :" ':'
·:,; ·,::1 ": . - .. . . ~ ... ·-· -·· ····-.... . ...
i
.,. ,
?
i
·! ,.. , ,• ..
. -..
- - - - - · t:""" ·..-;: ... --")J·."'P"r'-•
-.
.'....,;=~----...;,....-,
'.. :.· _.··.·.··.·.::. .~,.,,;.,,,,,,,..,,i=
-:: -·· ·___·':,,>:-;. . ·_'-.- -·.·,. .
~
,!!!:!C
-
'
l
··
_



- •




. ..
.
.. ...... . . , - -
.,.-. -
... ,
-


_:.,... :


·
±"==
.
-::=-c~~=·::--,
• .,;-.-,: _ . •,.---:;'.:.~ .~
in
.
.....~
.
, ,1. ,, ·· : --: - · -:
.
"
i: -· .,.
. · ·~=--:===~=----··- =-===========::::::
'.-:.!;,! ,:'...:::..:;:_·.;: ;.:, ,-
. ,_._ _
- -
- ---- -
- •- · -
an attempt tb resolve an internal crises that it'
now .c onf~ ·~tin~ SNCC, the B1A.ck-nhi ta issue ( which is
.· ;
•~ i
~
t
caui;inc: eruptions that e.rr: S'3riously hamp0rinr our strur;p:le
' ·
.
for self- dotorm.ination) MUst now be dealt with.
In an analysis of our history in . this country, we have
·..,.
been forced to come to the conclusion
that 400 years of
.. · oppression and slavery suffered in this country by our Black
forebears parallels in a very r,raphic way tho opprossion and
colonization suffered by the African people.
'lhe questions
can be rightfully asked, v,hat part did tho white colonizers
!
·. '-
4'
·j· . .
play .in the liberation· of independent .'\.frican Nations; who
.
'
I


•


were the . ar;i-tators for .'\.frican independence? . /mswers . · to those
. , ..
· questions c.o mpel us to believe that our strurGle for .liberat-
i•
.
• .
·j .





1' .
,.
. ion ~nd self- determknation cen o~lr be c~rried out effect- ..
ively by Black people.
'
'
'Ibo necessity o} dealinr, with the question of identity
•
1
'I :
is of prime importance in our own strn ~r:le.
•J
destruction of our links to Afric'a, the cultu ral cut-off of








I
The . systematic
'
. ·~;• J
Blacks in this country from Blacks in Africa are not situat-..
·! .
ions that conscious Black people in this country are willing
to accept. , Nor are conscious Black people in this country
,.





•,
·,
1


!·


,.
I
wil~inG to accept an ~ducational system· that teaches all
~
_,
~
· aspec ts of western civilization and dismisses our Afro-
!
\·.
I
i


~


. •
'


,. ·..


·e • '
./
I
'
American contribution with one week of inadequate information.
(Necro History Week) and deals with _nfrica not at all. Black
I
people are net willini to align themselves with a western
culture ·that daily emasculates our beauty, our pride and our _
' .i
I
manhood.. It follows that white people boin~ part of western
i
!
.· civicization in a way .that Black people ~ould never be are
I •
1 ·:
.~· !
totally indequate ,to . deal with Black identity which is' key
'!
.v ~
·:=·
I.
·!.
~
•
'
,,
. ... :_ ~.-:::·T . .-'. ~- ~
~
~~
.·
I .
l"
l :
~
..
�~........J.::~.-t: ..-:.:.


.'j


,~
,.,,
i,~~.-~._1,;ii!-i, _ _;.,__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •_ _ _ _ __, , . . . . , _ ~ ~ - -- - - - - - -.......~-~ 143.215.248.55- ..
.. ·-.. -~.-:-:
~
.


i..'


. :,.·
-
. ..
.... j • · .. ... .
J . ·~ ~
\
.r
· - - · ~· - .
,. ·
~
-.i-::-:,,_._. __
_.z"
· - ·: -. ; · : - - -
_· ,·,_r,_ __,
···
..., .. . . .. - - -·
- -~ -
~
! . .,
":
- · ·• . :.::~
~
";
~
---r--·--·
......
"===-==============-==
- -.'.-= .. '--'-'" - ' =- :_,.-!;-_-: .:....
to our strur~le for s~lf-deternination.
'
.
~
·

··-- ·-· .
\'lhen it _c omes to the question of or:-anizing Black people.,
· 1
· 'L
..,
.
J,
_;
i
,;


/


.
...
·;
we nrust insist that the people wl10 come in cpntact with the
. 11lack masses .,re not white people who, no matter what their
-
. ..
•
'..
.


. liberal leaninr.;s ere, are not equipped to dispel the myths of

western superiority,.


·. ~ ~-..
'
i ..
I


·


. !; . ..
.; .
I
.
•
j .::
~
..:
·.
V/hite people only serve to perpetuate
~
.· '. these myths; rather, orranizing must he done by Black people
•I\
~- :
.
.


·_are able to see the beauty of themselves, are able to see the


.
· :. important cultural contributions of 11.fro-.~ mericans, are able
'
I' , •
. to s~e that this country was built upon the blood and backs of
a ~
.,
,, '
'•- ;


. our Black anc'.ls tors.


"-· -~ L.
.. .~. ~ ..
-'·
·: that our or":aniza tion · ( SNCC) should he BlacJ staffed, Black


·r
: . ..:·: ;i· controlled


l< e/ , ·-;:),
,.
· :·
j :;( ,· ·.
f ' . ·,


.: :f :·._·.. :.




!




'•'
,...,.
.
. "i • - .
-:, ;1
' :.~
• 's
._JI:
.
In an attempt to find a .solution to ou~~ilema, we propose
.
--~
.
•• '
•
.:
'
·
end Biack financed.
We do not want to fall into a
similar dilema that other Civil Ri.ri:h ts or .r:,aniza tions. have
fallen ..
.
· If we continue ta r3ly·upon ~hi to financinl support we will ·
find ourselves wntviined in the tentacles of the \~1hite power
complex that controls this country.
It . is also important that
a Black or~a~ization '( devoid of cultis~ · ) be projected to our
I: _1
,,


 !f


people so that it cen be demonstrated that srich orranizations
.' J
are viable.
More and more we see Black people in this country being
used as a. tool of the white liberal establishment.
ii
..
I.;
I
Liberal
whit es have not bep.:un to address themselves to the real problems
I
'.·
of Bleck people .in this co .. ntry; witness th eir bewilderment,
1
fear and anxiety Wh'3n Nationalism_ is mentioned concerning Black
people.
An analysis of th~ir (white liberal) reaction to the ·
word alone (Nationalism) re~eals a very meanin~ful attitude of
whites or any ideolorical persuasion towards ~lacks in this
~- ,. .:
,·
..~
'
t' : ..:·
.- ::;
.:.
'
country •. . · i _t me~ns, t _h at previous so11.• tions to ;Black :problems
•
• •.:
., •·
·.-...!.- · ..:..:...:
. ·: . ' ·f .·.


__ . ..... _;


..
-.;_~
..
I
�....
of those whites
)
not in the best interest's of
.: dealin(", with t;hooo problems
· : Black peopla in this · country hnve beon made in the interests of ·:
.
..
. ;;' .
,::
·.;' :
'._ those whites dealinr; with those problems and not in the. best
· inter~stof Black people in this coPntry.
i .
.,
..
-~
'"/hi tes can only sub-
.. .:. vert our true search and strur:rle for self-determination, self-
f :. :. l
i : ', ·: ·
r
.:·
identification, and liberation in this country.
R0_-evaluation
of the white and Black roles nrust NOW take place so that whites
'
no longer designate
roles that Black people play but rather
BlAck people define white people's roles.
. ·•·'
To ionr, have we allowed white people to interprr.tt the
importance and meaniri~ of the cultural aspects of_ .our society,
.
'
'
I .


1 ·: '., . : :'. . .


I
have allowed. them to tell us what was p:obd a'bou t our .\ fro-
· -: · ~·ie
'. ·~<.- .- ; . '


l::,·. : .,· ·. ·. · ,'.: American nrusic·, art and literature.


. :i, : ... . ·:· ~-.. . ·. . ~ '


,:~,,,! . 1. . ,


I
~
•
..
we have on the
,
·J :;,,·,
~-!
I _'\
'. .
. !
..\
of the Black psyche ( except in the oppressor's role)
·.
. . interpret the meaning of the Blues to
'
· ·. !
.• <
us who are manifestations
of the son,:;s themse1V'3s?
I .
',
_.,
How can a white person who is not
jazz" sc!'lne?
It nrust also be pointed out that on wha.tever level of con-
,,
~. ' 1
tact that "1lacks and v1hites .come to r,ethor, that meetinG .or•r--,n-
> I,!.


.



I
,I





li ·:;:_:. ·..  :,••
'
I :-'
L
,.
i. .~
I
'.:
! :.
.1l
.
l
~
.
I
'\
whites is a reinforcoment of the myth of vrhite supremacy • .Vlhite~
nre · th,:i ones who must try to raise themselves to oµr humanistic
I
,
ne are not, after all, the ones wh9 are responsible
.
for a ~enoci da l war in Vietnam; we are not the ones who are
' l
I;
'
,.
I
responsible for Neo-Colonialism in Africa and Latin ~merica;
'it•
'•
This only means that our everyday contac t with
/
.,
'.
level of whites.
level.
·i
'
frontation in not on the level of the Blacks but always on the
,.,
t ;.
I
.' • .•
.
we are not the ones who held a people in animalistic bonda~e
.
.
· over 400 years •
. ,_, we raj ect , t~~ A~eric_an Dz,ean as d_efined : by whi ta people
•
-
~
•
•
I
J
/.
I
a part
•
,· 1···
II
How many Black critics do
_.,._
. '"
••
~
.-1 .' ,
... "·-=-·· ,. _ •, ::
•
. :. _
~J ·~::
~
I
•
·i '_ ~ .. :
•
�..
r.:.
.·-
l
••'i
.....,,
'
·~
.S:_ :·~~-·-· ·:. ,.

)
,


-


,,
')
,.
and must work to construct. , .u ~;, 111orican
real1 ty· de.fined
·,.
/
by A.fro-A:".l'ler.j .~~l:".'.s(I
•
'


.')


'
-
'
·•
'
•
•• •
,:
I
. . ···-- .
... ., ..
·:·
,
':


·.


..
~


, ·


·' i
..
·:
' •.,1. :
'.: - ...
j·
...
..
•: .·.
':
.. .
'.~
·.
'•, ,
.'
... ,.
·- ·.,.
1•
.
.





• 1· .·
. .·.
,
'
','- ·
'
..;
.,
I.
!'
t
..
,,
':
·.\"
•'
. .:·~~
.
• • \·
..
f ~
\.
.
f.
,. ' .'
, ...; f -:,
.. ,
./,•
.- t"' ~'.
{,
_,
((: ··
.; ....
.
'
. . ;· ..
.,
-~- ..
.~. .: t





·'
.'
I'
... )
'•< '





.'
.....
'•, .l
_.
,,,
'•
·'
' ;.
.'l
...





_. ,
\.
-
t
...
..:.!'"··
.
·.,\, '
,;
.;
.
~- ::
.r
'
f .i
-1q
l
.,
, ••
.
,,
t •'
.. ~ l
i:
' 1
l
•i )r :•


j


t
l





...
'
I
•
•
\.
. ~ ~ ·: '
...
I.


 ; ,· ;.;


. .: • ,
~
J ..),i .


r


·'!
,r,:
,:ri .: ..
[Ii: •
I
~.,.•.·,
..... f·
~
, :'.: -.
.
,
,i





I
l '
. ,{'\• '!
"
I
'
I
I
I,
\'
I
I
/
......
.,
r-
1
..'
.
.J.
j{
.·,
l
[
' ... '
.. . .
•·'
' .-
.
• ,•:·
. .
~
~
i
·\
.,
.·"..i-'
.·





.~
~
.,
. ~ :~
.~.. : -......
.





i
l.





'-~:
u
~
i
l
.' It
�A STATEMENT OF PURPOSE AND A PLAN OF ACTION FOR ATLANTANS
CONCERNED ABOUT RIOTS, THEIR CAUSES
AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES
We, the undersigned Atlantans, are deeply concerned about the riots which have
occurred in our nation with increasing frequency and with mounting violence!
We are concerned about the consequences of continued rioting and believe that
the deterioration of human relations could do greater damage than the loss of mater ial things if we fail to bring an end to the riots and. the conditions which spawn them.
We commend to every thoughtful citizen who believes in law and order and in
human progress the recently released Report of the National Advisory Commission
on Civil Disorders. Whether one would agree absolutely with its methodology or
the conclusions of the commission, we believe the report contains food for thought
and suggestions for action which merit consideration. The report is a good point of
reference and basis for discussion and action.
We are convinced that neither studies nor resolutions nor good intentions alone
will suffice. We believe that all of the religious leaders of metropolitan Atlanta
should act now to bring an end to conditions in our midst which create despair, contribute to human degradation and fuel violence.
We, therefore, commit ourselves to assist in the task of transforming our urban
area that, insofar as our abilities and resources permit, we shall endeavor to respond .
to this urban crisis and help create a city where there is personal safety for all persons and property and where there is reason for hope and opportunity for individual
growth and dignity for every citizen.
To do this, there are many things which we believe must be done.
There must be a pooling of all resources - a coordinated effort by rich and poor,
by affluent and depressed citizens, by leaders in religion and education, in business
and the professions, in industry and labor, in government, and in all walks of life to meet our citizens needs in the following areas:
Police Protection
Every citizen is entitled to· be secure in
his person and property and to fair treatment by law enforcement officials; and,
in turn, eGCh citizen has a duty to obey
the law and support and cooperate with
police officials.
�Education
Every citizen must have the opportunity for equal educational opportunity - lmowledge of one's rights and
duties, education for employment,
and for living - the essentials to a
society of law and order and human
progress.
Housing
Every citizen must have access to
decent housing. This goal adopted
long ago has not been achieved, and
there is yet to be obtained a climate
in which every person will have equal
opportunity for housing that he can
afford.
Employment
There must be training for new jobs
and retaining for other jobs in our
changing technology, and there must
be an end to discrimination against
qualified persons based on sex, race,
age or handicap.
As we see it, we must create new attitudes even more than we need to create
new programs, but both are needed! To establish new attitudes we must begin with
ourselves, our families, our churches and synagogues.
Therefore, we commit ourselves to an effort to:
1. Carry on mutual interchanges in our churches with ministers and layman of
all races discussing these critical areas of concern.
2. Preach and give courses within our own churches dealing with these areas.
3. Adopt and carry out special projects which contribute to the betterment of
conditions in each of the foregoing areas, and encourage such things as
positive support for day care centers, low cost housing corporations,
health clinics, and training employment programs.
In order to develop wide acceptance of our stated purpose and our plan of action,
we respectfully urge Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr. to issue invitations to Atlanta's political,
economic and religious leaders, and to citizens representative of all areas of our
urban community to attend a meeting sponsored by the undersigned with the Mayor
serving as host. The purpose of the meeting will be to achieve in the Atlanta u rbru1
- - - - -- - - - -
�area an agreement on our stated purpose, and to arrange for a coordinated use of
all possible resources. We seek a true and new commitment and to develop a
simple connectional structure to carry out this commitment.
We, by signing this resolution, do declare ourselves to be an inter-faith .
committee, and authorize our designated representatives to visit the Mayor of the
City of Atlanta and other local leaders of this area for the following purposes:
1. To offer the full support of ourselves as representatives of the religious
community of the urban area for coordinated effort in meeting the needs
of every individual.
2. To fund a luncheon for leaders and representatives of both races at which
time we could hear from Mayor Allen his suggestions as to how all availab}e
resources might be coordinated to achieve our objectives.
3. To support a call for broader ministerial and lay leadership in subsequent
meetings and projects.
4 . And to offer ourselves for service on any Council or Committee dealing
with these critical areas.
Finally, we invite all citizens to join with us in a commitment to our statement
of purpo se and our plan of action, and we ask the help of Almighty God in this
endeavor to transform and redeem our entire urban area.
Signed on This Day, Tuesday 2nd of April , 1968
'
�LEADERSHIP
CONFERENCE
ON
CIVIL RIGHTS
))--8
J
ROY WILKINS, Chairman
ARNOLD ARONSON, Secretary
JOSEPH L. RAUH, JR., Counsel
CLARENCE M. MITCHELL, Legislative Chairman
MARVIN CAPLAN , Di rector Wash i ngtoh Office
'
2027 Mass. Ave., N.W., Washington, D. C. 20036 phone 667-1780
J. FRANCIS POHLHAUS, Special Consultant
YVONNE PRICE, Executive Assistant
•
New York address: 20 West 40th St., 'New York 10018, phone BRyant 9·1400
November 3, 1967
Hon. I van Allen, Jr.
Mayor of Atlanta
City Hall
Atlanta, Georgia
Dear Mayor Allen:
I think the most recent MEMO of the Leadership Conference
on Civil Rights may be of inte rest to you, so I enc lose a copy.
As you may know, the Conference is a coalition of 112 national
organizations. Since these include many of the civil rights, religious ,
labor, and fraternal organizations that participate in the Urban Coalition,
it occurred to me that you might like to be kept informed of the
activities our gr oups enga g e in, and of the kind of l egislat iv e issues
they support in advancing our goal of full "civil rights for all Americans
through government action a t the national l e vel. 11
Accordingly, we are adding your name to our mailing list.
Sinc erely your s .
Arnold Aronson, Secr etary
Enclosures
"Cooperation in t he Common Cause of Civi l Rights for All "
�PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS
AFR ICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
NATIONAL BEAUTY CULTURISTS' LEAGUE, INC.
AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL ZION CHURCH
NATIONAL CATHOLIC CONFERENCE FOR INTERRACIAL JUSTICE
ALPHA KAPPA ALPHA SORORITY, INC.
NATIONAL CATHOLIC SOCIAL ACTION CONFERENCE
NAT IONAL COMMUNITY RELATIONS ADVISORY COUNCIL
ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC.
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC MEN
AMALGAMATED CLOTHING WORKERS OF AMERICA
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC WOMEN
AMALGAMATED MEAT CUTTERS & BUTCHER WORKMEN
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES RELIGION & RACE
AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION
AMERICAN ETHICAL UNION
COMMISSION ON
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS
CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF NEGRO WOMEN
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF PUERTO RICAN VOLUNTEERS, INC.
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF SENIOR CITIZENS, INC.
AMERICAN FE_DERATION OF TeACHERS
NATIONAL DENTAL ASSOCIATION
AMERICAN JEWISH COMMITTEE
NATIONAL FARMERS UNION
AMERICAN JEWISH CONGRESS
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF CATHOLIC COLLEGE STUDENTS
AMERICAN NEWSPAPER GUILD
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF SETTLEMENTS & NEIGHBORHOOD CENTERS
AMERICAN VETERANS COMMITTEE
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS
AMERICANS FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
NATIONAL JEWl'SH WELFARE BOARD-\
ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE OF B'NAI B'RITH
NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIA'TION
A. PHILIP RANDOLPH INSTITUTE
NATIONAL NEWMAN STUDENT FEDERATION '
BISHOP'S COMMITTEE FOR THE SPANISH SPEAKING
NATIONAL NEWSPAPER- PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION
B'NAI B'RITH WOMEN
NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MEXICAN-AMERICAN SERVICES
BROTHERHOOD OF SLEEPING CAR PORTERS
NATIONAL ORGANl2'ATION FOR WOMEN
CHRISTIAN METH_DDIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
NATIONAL SHARECROPPERS FUND
.'
CHURCH OF THE ,BRETHREN - BRETHREN SERVICE COMMiSSION
,..
.....
'
...





CHURCH WOMEN UNITED
NATIONAL UREi°AN LEAGUE
CITIZENS LOBBY FOR FREEDOM & FAIR PLAY
OMEGA PSI PHI FR'.°'TERNITY, INC.
PHI BETA slGMA FRATifRNITY, tN'c.
DEL•TA SIGMA THETA
EPISCOPAL CHU .~ CH -
- •\
"
~
SORORITY





•
NEGRO AMERICAN LABOR COUNCIL
COLLEGE YCS NATIONAL STAFF
ot
•
t
~
CONGRESS-OF RACIAL EQUALITY
L
~


PHI DEL TA KAPPA SORORl1"Y


-:
,
1
DIV{SIOJ'i OF CHRISTIAN CITiZENSHIP
P_IONEER WOMEN , AMERICAN AFFAIRS
l:'RESBYTERIAN INTERRACIAL COUNCIL
EPISCOPAL_SOCIETY FOR CULTURAL AND RACIAL UWJ:.Y
RETAIL WHOLESALE & DEPARTMENT S°tORE UNION
FRANCISCAN JURISDICTION OF THE THIRD O~DER, OF _ST. FRANCIS
sournERf'.'I
FRONTIERS INTERNATIONAL
SOtJTHERN CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE
•
•
BEAurl
coNGR~ss. 1Nc.
HADASSAH
TEXTILE WORKERS UNION OF AMERICA
HOTEL AND RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES AND BARTENDERS
INTERNATIONAL UNION
TRANSPORT WORKERS UNION OF AMERICA
IMPROVED BENEVOLENT & PROTECTIVE ORDER OF ELKS OF THE WORLD
INDUSTRIAL UNION DEPARTMENT-AFL-CIO
UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST ASSOCIATION & RACE
INTERNATIONAL LADIES GARMENT WORKERS' UNION OF AMERICA
UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST WOMEN'S FEDERATION
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ELECTRICAL RADIO & MACHINE WORKERS
UNITED AUTOMOBILE WORKERS OF AMERICA
IOTA PHI LAMBDA SORORITY, INC.
UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST- COMMITTEE FOR RACIAL JUSTICE NOW
UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS
COMMISSION ON RELIGION
JAPANESE AMERICAN CITIZENS LEAGUE
UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST- COUNCIL FOR CHRISTIAN SOCIAL ACTION
JEWISH LABOR COMMITTEE
UNITED HEBREW TRADES
JEWISH WAR VETERANS
UNITED PACKINGHOUSE, FOOD & ALLIED WORKERS
LABOR ZIONIST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -
COMMISSION ON RELIGION & RACE
LEAGUE FOR INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -
OFFICE OF CHURCH & SOCIETY
LUTHERAN CHURCH IN AMERICA- BOARD OF SOCIAL MINISTRY
UNITED RUBBER WORKERS
MEDICAL COMMITTEE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
UNITED STATES NATIONAL STUDENT ASSOCIATION
NATIONAL ALLIANCE OF POSTAL & FEDERAL EMPLOYEES
UNITED STATES YOUTH COUNCIL
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE
UNITED STEELWORKERS OF AMERICA
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGE WOMEN
UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AMERICA
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED WOMEN'S CLUBS, INC.
UNITED TRANSPORT SERVICE EMPLOYEES
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF NEGRO BUSINESS & PROFESSIONAL
WOMEN 'S CLUBS , INC.
UNIVERSITY CHRISTIAN MOVEMENT
WOMEN ' S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE & FREEDOM
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REAL ESTATE BROKERS, INC.
WORKERS DEFENSE LEAGUE
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORKERS
WORKMEN 'S CIRCLE
NATIONAL BAPTIST CONVENTION . U . S. A.
YOUNG WOMEN 'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION OF THE USA
NATIONAL BAR ASSOCIATION
ZETA PHI BETA SORORITY
�j
LEADERSHIP
CONFERENCE
ON
CIVIL RIGHTS
ROY WILKINS, Chairman
ARNOLD ARONSON, Secretary
JOSEPH L. RAUH, JR., Counsel
CLARENCE M. MITCHELL, Legislative Cha irman
MARVIN CAPLAN , Director Wash i ngton Office
J. FRANCIS POHLHAUS, Speci al Consultant
.'
'
YVONNE PRICE, Executive Assistant
2027 Mass. Ave., N.W., Washington, D. C. 20036 phone 667-1780
THE
LEADERSHIP
New York address: 20 West 40th St. , New York 10018, phone BRyant 9-1400
CONFERE N CE · ON
WHAT
I t S p e a ks F o r
•
IT
IS
AND
CIVIL
RIGHTS:
DOES
M i 11 i o .n s
In the las t 17 ye ars th e
on Civil Rights has becom e
a
L eade .rship C o n fere nce
u n iq ue s pok es ma n :
voice for 112 nation a l o rganiz a tio n s
gether to urge ne w c i v i l
when they pres s f o r
t he
when they jo i n t o -
ri g hts laws upon Con gre s s
and
s tr o ng erifo:rcement of exi sti ng l a ws .
Th e Co nference is a coalition of ma j or civi l
rights,
labor,
religi ou s ,
w ho se s t r eng t h lies in it s
civ i c
and fraterna l groups
unity o
Wh e n
the Conf e ren c e
c omes ou t in support of a p e n di ng bi l l or urges a
of act i on up on t h e
gover n m rant ll
co urse
it spea ks o n beh alf of
mil l ions of A mericans of all ra c e s
9
creeds,
re ligions,
and ethnic grou ps and from all walks of life o
It s
P urpose
In it s
statement of pur pose ll
clares itself as
~'a v oluntary ll
the C onf eren ce de-
nonpartisan ass ociation
of autonomous national organizati o ns see king to advance
"Cooperat ion in the Common Cause of Civil Rights for All"
�PARTICIPATING ORGAI\JIZATIONS
AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
l~ l\T ONAL E c.AU TY CULTURISTS' LEAGUE, INC.
AFRICAN METHODIST EP ISCOPAL ZIO N CHURCH
~,AT O~",L CA I HOLIC CONFEREN CE FOR INT ERRACIAL JUSTICE
NI, T ld~;'IL Ch T1 1 J LIC SOCIAL ACTION CONFERENCE
ALPHA KAPPA ALPHA SORORITY, INC.
••;:,[ ,n
ALPHA PH I ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC.
N
AMALGAMATED CLOTHING WORKERS OF AMERICA
TIO',Al C~l'· V L OF CATHOLIC WOMEN
/\MALGA MATED M EAT CUTTERS & BUTCHER WORKMEN
,,
AMER l.,AN CIVI L LIBERTIES UNION
, ~-'1/.l ~01, •~ IL OF CH URCHES-COMMISSION ON
Fi E.LI, ION e. R4CE
N ,TIONAl. COuNCI L OF JEWISH WOMEN
/\Ml:. RICAN ETHICAL UN ION
' AM ERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR ORGAN IZATIONS
c,NITY RELATIONS ADVISORY COUNCIL
10·,;,L C ,L'l'CIL OF CATHOLIC MEN
CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL
i-lAflO~ ,L COLJ NCIL OF NEGRO WOMEN
NA1 IONi\l..COUNCIL OF PUERTO RICAN VOLUNTEERS, INC.
Al\1EfllCAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EM PL OYEES
1
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS
N Ai .CN , L DENTAL ASSOCI ATION
AMERICAN JEWIS H COMM ITTEE
NA:!ONAl FA'lfo,lERS UN ION
AM ERICAN JEWISH CONGRESS
NATIO~ AL FEDERATION OF CATHOLIC COLLEGE STUDENTS
ATlvl\ \L CC U ', CI L OF SENIOR CITIZENS, INC.
A M ERICAN NEWSPAPER GUI LD
NATIQ;-.; ' '- H JtRAT ION OF SETTLEMENTS & NEIGHBORHOOD CENTERS
AMF.R ICAN VETERAN S COMMITTEE
I\AT1C'N"'L I- -DE RATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS
AMER ICANS FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
NA 110'\AI .l [ V' ISH WELFARE BOARD
AN1I DEFAMATION LEAGUE OF B 'NAI B'RITH
N ,l1C•NAL 1i1 EUiCAL ASSOCIATION
N/,11r~,AL NEWMAN STU DENT FEDERATION
A . rHILIP RANDOLPH INSTITUTE
NA1 If NAL Nf:.VSPAPER PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION
l3 1SHOP'S COMM ITTEE FOR T HE SPANISH SPEAKING
NA rit, t, AL ORGANIZATION FOR MEXICAN-AMERICAN SERVICES
B 'NAI B'RITH WOMEN
NI\T 10N L ORGAN IZATION FOR WOMEN
BROTHERHOOD OF SLEEPING CAR PORTERS
II/Al ICNAL SHARECROPPERS FUND
CHRI STIAN METHODIST EP ISCOPAL CHURCH
ChL,RCH OF THE BRETHREN - BRETHREN SERVICE COMMI SS ION
Cf•URC H WOMEN UNITED
O:V.EGA I- SI PHI FRATERNITY, INC.
C TIZENS LOBBY FOR FREEDOM & FAIR PLAY
l'h B l:.TA SIGMA FRATERNITY, INC.
COLLEGE YCS NATIONAL STAFF
PH I DEL TA KAPPA SORORITY
CONGRESS OF RAC IAL EQUALITY
PIOla EER WOMEN, AMERICAN AFFAIRS
r LL TA SIGMA THETA SOROR ITY
EP ISC OPAL CHURCH -
DIVISION OF CHRISTIAN CITIZENSHIP
PRE.SBYTERIAN INTERRACIAL COUNCIL
RE1A IL WHOLESALE & DEPARTMENT STORE UNION
EPISCOPAL SOCIETY FOR CULTURAL AND RACIAL UNITY
FRANCISCAN JURISDICTI ON OF THE THIRD ORDER OF ST. l"RANCIS
SOUTHERN BEAUTY CONGRESS, INC.
SOUTHERN CHRISTIAN LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE
FRONTIERS INTERNATIONAL
· TEXTILE WORKERS UNION OF AMER ICA
HADASSAH
TRANSPORT WORKERS UNION OF AMERICA
HOTEL AND RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES AND BARTENDER S
INTERNATIONAL UNION
UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS
IM PROVED BENEVOLENT & PROTECTIVE ORDER OF ELKS OF TH E YVOR LD
INDUSTRIAL UNION OEPARTMENT-AFL-CIO
INTERNATIONAL LADIES GARMENT WORKERS' UNION Of- AMER ICA
INTERNATIONAL UNION OF ELECTRICAL RADIO & MAChlNF vv'OR K ERS
UNITAR IAN UNIVERSALIST ASSOCIATION -COMMISSION ON RELIGION
& RACE
U NITARIAN UNIVERSALIST WOMEN'S FEDERATION
U N ITED AUTOMOBILE WORKERS OF AMERICA
UNITCD CHURCH OF CH HIST- COMM ITTEE FOR RACIAL JUSTICE NOW
IOTA PHI LAMBDA SORORITY, INC.
UN ITED CHURCH OF CHRIST-COUNCIL FOR CHRISTIAN SOCIAL ACTION
JAPANESE AM ERICAN CITIZENS LEAGUE
U N 1TED HEBREW TRADES
JEWISH LABOR COMMITTEE
U NIT ED PACKINGHOUSE, FOOD & ALLIED WORKERS
JEWISH WAR VETERANS
LABOR ZI ONI ST ORGANIZATION OF AMERICA
L EAG UE FOR INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY
LUTHERAN CHURCH IN AMERICA- BOARD OF SOCIAL M l ~; ISTRY
U NI TED PRESBYfERIAN CHURCH -
COMMISSION ON RELIGION & RACE
UNI TED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -
OFFICE OF CHURCH & SOCIETY
UNITED RUBBER WORKERS
UNITED STATES NATIONAL STUDENT ASSOCIATION
MEDICAL COMMITTEE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
NATIONAL ALLIANCE OF POSTAL & FEDERAL EMPLOYEES
A TIONAL URBAN LEAGUE
Nf. GRO AMERICAN LABOR COUNCIL
·
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORl:.[.J PEOPLE
NATI ONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGE WOMEN
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF COLORED WOMEN'S Cl. UBS, INC
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF NEGRO BUSINESS & PROFESS IONAL
WOMEN 'S CLUBS, INC.
UNITED STATES YOUTH COUNCIL
UNITED STEELWORKERS OF AM ERICA
UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AM ERICA
UNITED TRANSPORT SERVICE EMPLOYEES
UNIVERSITY CHRISTIAN MOVEMENT
WOMEN' S INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FOR PEACE & FREEDOM
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REAL ESTATE BROKERS, INC.
WORKERS DEFENSE LEAGUE
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORKERS
WORKMEN 'S CIRCLI:.
NATIONAL BAPTIST CONVENTION, U. S. A.
YOUNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION OF THE USA
NATIONAL BAR ASSOCIATION
ZETA PHI BETA SORORITY
�- 2-
civil rights for a,11 Americ ans through government action
at the national levelo
the
establishment and
By civil rights we mean not only
en :£orc e ment of rights in law,
f
but also the realization
social and
economic con-
ditions in which alone the £ul£illment of thes ·e
is possibleo
rights
11
How the . Conference Beg an
(
The Leadersh ip C o n£ex enc e
was formed
in 1950
by national organiz ations whose l e aders felt that while
they often spoke and acted se parately,
occasions when they coul d
make a
there we r e
many
greater impact upon
official Washing t on a nd t h e genera l public if they joined together in suppoI't of spe cif i c
i ss ue s o
The Co n fer ence m ex ge d two existin g groups:
the National Counci l fo r
by A.
Ph ili p R andolph,
a
Permanent FEPC,
headed
and the National Em er g enc y
Civil Rights Mob ilization headed by Roy Wilk ins and
Arnold Aron son .
A ll three men c on tinue to play imp o r ..
tant r ol es in th G Co nfezence :
Mr.I_ Randolph is a
and Mro
M r .
member of the
W ilkins is Chair ma n,
Ex e c utive Commi ttee ,
Aronson is Secretary .
How the Conferenc e Grew
From the first ,
the Conference undertook to
�-3-
unite its groups behind sp e cific civil rights bills ..
it grew in numbers i t
g r ew in influenceo
The Conference
has coordinated all th e na ti onal campaigns fo r
civil rights billso
It s
series of civil ri ght s
19570
major
g r eate st s ucc e sses wer e the
l aw s
pass ed by Congr e ss
The mos t no t abl e la ws in t h i s
Rights _ Act of 196 4 a nd th e
s i n ce
g r oup w ere t he Civil
Vo ting Ri--g hts Act of 1965.
But the C o n f eren c e does not wo r k
laws to statute b oo ks ..
As
I t s org ani zati on s
ju st t o ad d
know la ws
are worth li t tle unless th e y are adequately en f orced.
It campaigns u n t ir in g ly f o r
existing prog r am s
a de qu a te fund s to k e ep
goin g a n d for a dequ a te e n forc e m e nt.
How the Co n f eren c e O perates
T he C on fe ren ce functio ns thr ou gh three main
Commi t te e s:
for t h e
the Executive Com m ittee which se t s policy
o rga n i zation ; the Legislative Co mmi ttee,
the C ha i rm a n ship of Cl aren ce Mitchell,
s t r a teg y f o r
u nder
which plans
pendi ng bills; and the Com mittee on C o m-
pliance and E n f orcement » under James Hamilton o f
the Nation a l Council of Chur c hes ,
which wo r ks to see
that the laws are ad mini stered str o ngly and effectively.
How the Conf erence Keeps Its Groups I n f o rme d
The Co n ference tries to keep in constant touch
�-4-
with its organizationso
It sends them regular MEMOs
that set forth the immediate legislative situation and
suggest what groups can do to help mobilize support
for a bill or a
of bills,
course of action.
pamphlets,
It publishes analyses
papers on what still needs to be
done to achieve full equalityo
Not Civil Rights Alone
Over the years the Confe re nce has b ro adened
its concernso
It realizes that the fight for full equality
and the War on Poverty are interconnected.
In ad -
dition to campaigning for civil rig hts bills it has also
worked for passage of an adequate minimum wage law· ;
for reapportioned state legislatures so that they represent more truly all the peo p l e in a
educational oppo rtun ity; for
adequate food di stribution
to the country's poor; for h om e
of Columbi a ; for
state; for broad
rule fo r
the Dist ri ct
s chool desegregation.
These are only a few of its campaign s .
The
Confere n ce remains t od ay f i rm in its belief that progress in civil rights is the co n cern of everyAmerican,
not the int erest of an y on e
groupo
It believes,
in Roy
�-5-
Wilkins•
words,
that "we are all tied together
that the fut u ·r e f o r
A m er ic a
mu s t b e
11
and
an int e g r at e d fut u r e ;
a nation in which all men and women share equally in
its burdens and its benefitso
Its motto is
still:
"Cooperation in the Common Cause of Civil Rights for All"
�LEADERSHIP
CONFERENCE
DN
CIVIL RIGHTS
I
ROY WILKINS , Chairman
ARNOLD ARONSON, Secretary
JOSEPH L. RAUH, JR ., Counsel
CLARENCE M. MITCHELL, Legislative Chairman
MARVIN CAPLAN, Di rector Wa shington Office
.
'
J. FRANCIS POHLHAUS , Special Con su ltant
'
2027 Mass. Ave., N.W., Washington, D. C. 20036 phone 667-1780
TO:
Participating Organizations
FROM·:
Arnold Aronson, Secretary
YVONNE PRICE, Executive As sistant
•
New York address : 20 West 40th St ., New York 10018, phon e BRyant 9-1400
MEMO NO. 21-67
Oc tober 2 7, 1967
A SOCIAL SECURITY BILL THAT PUNISHES THE POOR
What began as an attempt by Congress to modernize t he Social Security
Act has, in the bill the House approved, resulted in several proposa l s that seem
both backward and punitive.
Some of the House proposals come close t o taking the long di s c re dite d
view that the proper way to handle welfare is to insult the people who nee d it and
try to push or scare them off the rolls.
When Newburgh, New York, in 1962, proposed to cut off a ssis t ance t o
recipients who refuse to take any jobs offered to them, it was exco r iate d t hroughout the nation for its medieval attitude. Yet the House-passed bill (H. R. 12080)
has a provision that would authorize much that sort of treatm ent to depende nt .
mothers and their children.
When Louisiana sought to cut off-aid to mothers who gave birth to illegitimate children after going on r elief , the Department of Hea lt h, Edu ca t ion and
Welfare ruled the plan invalid, Yet the House, by placing a cei li ng on aid to
needy chil dren see ms to be t ryi ng, indirectly, to put i ts o wn limits on birt hs.
The social security a mend m ents are now before the S enate and ii is h ere
that we must concent rate our efforts for improvement s i n the 3 2-year-ol d s t a t ute
that will make it responsive to the present needs of American society.
A Loophole for Hos pitals
In one o f our re ce n t MEMOs (No. 19 - 67 ~ Octob e r 9) , we s o un d e d th e a larm
in regard to an a m endment that was not in the House - passed measure but was to be
proposed as an addition to the bill during cu rrent conside r a tion of it by the Senat e
"Cooperation in the Common Cause of Civ il Rights for All"
�PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS
AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
NATIONAL CATHOLIC CONFERENCE FOR INTERRACIAL JUSTICE
AFRICAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL ZION CHURCH
NATIONAL CATHOLIC SOCIA L ACT ION CON FEREN CE
NATIONAL COMMUNITY RE LAT IONS ADV ISORY CO U NC IL
ALPHA KAPPA ALPHA SORORITY, INC.
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CATHOLIC MEN
ALPHA PHI ALPHA FRATERNITY, INC.
NATIONAL COUNC IL OF CATHOLIC WOMEN
AMALGAMATED CLOTH ING WORKERS OF AMERICA
AMALGAMATED MEAT CUTTERS & BUTCHER WORKMEN
AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES-DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL
JUSTICE
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF NEGRO WOMEN
AMERICAN ETHICAL UNION
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF LABOR ORGANIZATIONS
CONGRESS OF INDUSTRIAL
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF PUERTO RICAN VOLUNTEERS, INC.
NATIONAL COUNCIL OF SENIOR CITIZENS, INC.
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE COUNTY & MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES
NATIONAL DENTAL ASSOCIATION
NATIONAL FARMERS UNION
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF TEACHERS
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF CATHOLIC COLLEGE STUDENTS
AMERICA'\l JEWISH COMMITTEE
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF SETTLEMENTS & NEIGHBORHOOD CENTERS
AMERICAN JE#ISH CONGRESS
NATIONAL FEDERATION OF TEMPLE SISTERHOODS
AMERICAN NEWSPAPER GUILD
NATIONAL JEWISH WELFARE BOARD
AMERICAN VETERANS COMMITTEE
NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
AMERICANS FOR DEMOCRATIC ACTION
NATIONAL NEWMAN STUDENT FEDERATION
ANTI-DEFAMATION LEAGUE OF B'NAI B'R TH
NATIONAL NEWSPAPER PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION
A. PHILIP RANDOLPH l"lSTITUTE
NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MEXICAN-AMERICAN SERVICES
BISHOP'S COMMITTEE FOR THE SPANISH SPEAKING
NATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR WOMEN
NATIONAL SHARECROPPERS FUND
B'NAI B'RITH WOMEN
NATIONAL URBAN LEAGUE
BROTHERHOOD OF SLEEPING CAR PCRTERS
NEGRO AMERICAN LABOR COUNCIL
CHRISTIAN METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH
CHURCH OF THE BRETHREN - BRETHREN SERVICE COMMISSION
PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH-DIVISION OF CHRISTIAN
OMEGA PSI PHI FRATERNITY, INC.
CHURCH WOMEN UN TED
PHI BETA SIGMA FRATERNITY, INC.
FAIR PLAY
CITIZENS LOBBY FOR FF
PHI DELTA KAPPA SORORITY
COLL EGL YCS NAT ONA
PIONEER WOMEN, AMERICAN AFFAIRS
CONGRESS OF RACIAL EQ
PRESBYTERIAN INTERRACIAL COUNCIL
DEL TA Sl(";MA THETA SORC11'TY
EPISCOPAL SOCIETY FOR CV TURAL AND RAC Al
FRANCS AN JIJRl<;D1CrlON O
"l TV
THE THIRD ORDE:R u• , T. FRANCIS
C11L
CHEMICAL & ATOMIC WORKERS INTERNATIONAL UNION
CITIZENSHIP
RETAIL WHOLESALE & DEPARTMENT STORE UNION
FRO"HIERS INTERNATIONAL
SOI., THERN BE.Au rv COl'..SRESS, INC
1-i DASSAH
SOUTHERN ~HR ST Ml LEADERSHIP CO'ffrnEt.CE
HOTEL ANO RESTAURANT EMPLOYEES ANO BAR~E DE.R;
INTERNATIONAL U'IION
TEXTILE WORKERS vN'ON OF AMERICA
IM ROVED AfNEVOLENT & PROTECTIVE ORDER OF ELKS OF THE WORLD
UNION OF AMERICAN HEBREW CONGREGATIONS
INDUSTRI L UNIC'II DEPARTMEN
r
AFL CIO
l'lTE "lAT'ONAL LAD[;:, GAR"'1EW WORKERc UNI N OF AMER CA
l"ITE'R lAT ONAL U"ll0N OF ELECTRICAL RAC!
IOTA l'H LAMBDA SORORITY,
JAPA
& MACHINE WORKERS
TRANSPORT WORKERS UNION OF AMERICA
UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST ASSOCIATION -COMMISS
& RACE
NON RELIGIJN
UNITARIAN UNIVERSALIST WOMEN'S FEDERATION
UNITED AUTOMOBILE WORKERS OF AMERICA
NC
UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST- COMMITTEE FOR RACIAL JUSTICE NOW
AMERICAN CITIZENS LEAGUE
UN'TED CHURCH OF CHRIST- COUNCIL FOR CHR 1 T A"l SOCIAL .I\CTION
JEV., • H LAB R CC\o1MITTEE
UNITED HEBREW TRADES
JEWISH WAR VETERANS
LABOR ZIONIST OR ,A'l1ZAT 10N OF A
UNITED PACKINGHOUSE, FOOD & ALLIED WuRKERS
ER CA
LEA ,UL F-OR NDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -COMMISSION ON RELIGIONS. RAU
LUTf-!ERAN CHURCH 'N AMERICA--BOARD OF SOCIAL MINISTRY
UNITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH -
MED CAL C M'vilTTEE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS
UNITED RUBBER WORKERS
NATIO"lAL ALLIANCE OF POSTAL & FEDERAL EMPLOY ES
UNITED STATES NATIONAL STUDENT ASSOCIA llON
NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED PEOPLE
UNITED STATES Y UTH COUNC L
OFF 1CE. OF CHURCH & SOCIETY
NATIO"lAL ASSOC AT ON OF COLLEGE WOMEN
UNITED STf"LWORKERS OF AMERICA
NATI "lAL ASSOC AT ON OF COLORED WOMEN'S CLUBS INC.
UNITED SYNAGOGUE OF AMERICA
NATIONAL Ac;SOCIAT ON OF NEGRO BUSINESS & P'lOFESSIONAL
/OMEN'S CLUBS, INC
UNIVERSITY CHRISTIAN MOVEMENT
NATIONAL A SOCIA TIC. N OF RFAL ESTATE BROKERS,
I OF SOCIAL IC'Rl<ERS
NATION/\
A<;SOC ATI
NAT
BAPT ST CON E:.N
A
,;, T
N T ')N
A~
ON U S A
S'SC..C AT ON
8
JT
U. Ti.JR STS' L~GUE. 1",C.
NC.
UNITED TRANSPORT SERVICE EMPLOYEE'S
WOMENS INTERNATIONAL LEAGUE FC'
FE'\CE & FREEDOM
WORKERS DEFENSE LE.AGI.JE
• '
RKMEN S CIRCLE.
Y<.. UNG WOMEN'S CHRISTIA"!
ZETA PH BETA SORORITY
N UF THE USA
�·- 2 ..
F ina n c e C ommittee , T his wa s the a mendment offer ed by S e nato :r Herm an T a lmadge
(D-Ga. ) that would enable pat ients to re c e ive Fede ral m e dica l benefit s i n ho s pitals
that a re not in c omplian c e with the C ivi 1 Right s Act of 1964 . W e pointe d o u t, t hen,
the obvio us danger t h i s pos e s t o adequa t e enfo r cement of Title VI of the A ct, the
sect io n tha t enable s foe Federal gover nm ent to cut off funds to a ny F ederally-assisted
p r ogram t ha t disc r imin a t es.
A C omprom is e Effe c t e d
As thj_s M E M O is w r i t t e n , a corn p r o m is e a p pea r s t o have been worke d o u t
bet ween HEW and Senat o r T a lma dge. Patients in non-complyi ng ho spita l s w ould
sti ll be l"eimbur s e d , a lthough the p e r c e n ta g e of reimbur sem e n t no longe r appea r s to
be fixed. But in s tead o f a llowing s uc h reimbu r sements for a pe riod r unning fro m
the s t art o f M edicare i n J. 966 t o Decem b er 31, 1968 , the compromi se would m ove
the cutoff date for s u c h trea tment to De c ember 3 1, 196 7 .
W hile thi s is an im p rovem e n t, the amendm e nt s t i ll opens a loo p hole in Title
VI e nfor c ~ment and s hould still be oppo sed.
New Bu r d ens on the P o or
W hile the Talmadge am e ndment is the o ne that d ea l s mos t spe cifi cally with
a matt er o f c ivil right s , o ther p ro posals in t he House bill would fall s o heavily upon
t he urban poo r an d their large minority gro u p s , tha t it seem s incumbent upo n the
Leadership C onference to op pose them.
A t t he las t meeting of the Washi ngton r ep re sentati ves there was unanim ou s
agre e ment t hat in addition to oppo sing t h e T alma d g e amendme nt , the C onference
shoul d express it s opposition to three others:
1.
C ompuls o r y Wo rk and Training Programs
States w ould be re quired t o set u p work and train ing programs and a dults
and chi l dren over 16, who are no t in school, would be requir e d t o participate or
face the lo ss of as s istance . To moth er s getting he l p und er the Aid t o Families
with De pendent Chi ldren (AFDC ) program, thi s provision w ould come as a blow.
They wou l.d be fo rced t o ta,ke jobs o r t raining even t hough, i n ma ny cases, there
was no a d equate da y-care for their child r en and eve n though it was more important
for them to s tay h ome and ca re for their youngsters.
W hat's more, the r e a r e no assu r a nc es that the training would be thorough
or lead t o anything . It could ve ry w ell force them, i n the e n d , to wo r1~ in deadend job s for lov; wages. And ce rtainly fo r cing people to eithe r work or lose the
he l p they need for them selves and t heir children returns w elfare to about the leve l
of th e mid-Victorian poorhouses.
2.
Limits on Aid to Chil d r en
The House bill would limit assistance under the AFDC program to only the
perc entage of children in b roken home s, as r elated to all childr en unde r 21 in e ach
state , that was receiving help in January 1967 ,\ For instance, if three percent of th e
t-
�- 3-
minor children in a s t ate were i n b r oken h o m es and on AFDC in Ja nua r y, the s t a t e
could not get Fede ra l funds fo r mor e than th ree percent i n s ub s e q u e nt y e ar s , no
matter how large a n increase the r e might be in the numb er of poo r , f a t h er l ess
youngsters living in i t,
Hardest hit b y t his proposa l would , agai n, b e t he p e o p l e lea st a b l e t o bear
the burdens it wo u ld impose - - t he migra nts comin g f r om the rura l South to t he
cities. For those stat es in w hic h s u c h mi gra nt s u s ua lly s e ttle, the choi ce wou l d
be bleak: either t o assume the i n c r e a sed costs of c a ri ng for t h e de s titute o r t o
simply ignore them and invite f u r ther c hao s .
3.
Ben e fit s
The House b ill w o uld increa se s ocia l se cu rity b e n efit s by only 12 1 / 2 p e r cent
and r ai ses t he minimum b ene fit from th e present $ 44 to o nly $ 50 . T hi s is cle arly
insufficient to meet the ne e ds o f i ndivi d uai s and famili es whos e i n c om es a r e a lready
being eroded b y i nflati on. T h e Admin is t ration p roposa l c a ll s fo r a 15 pe rcent
across -the - boa r d increase and a 5 9 percent increa s e i n th e minimum to $ 7 •
Whi le many group s wi thi n the Leaders hi p C onferen ce fe e l e ven thi s incre as e
1s in s ufficient , t hey ar e wi lli ng to endo rse it as t he minimum am o unt . T h e C o n f erence c onsensus covers the amendment s o u t line d thu s f ar .
The r e are other a m e n dm ent s i n the b ill t hat indivi dual group s in the L e a d ership Confere n c e oppose . One part ic ula r ly, i s t he d ras ti c r est ri c tion the H ouse
bill im po ses o n t he new Medicaid ( T i tle XI X) program o f m edica l care for th e nee d y.
Inc o me lim it s wo u ld b e e stab li she d at o ne-th ird o v er the AFDC payment s leve l
which would ac tually cut off fr om M e dica id e li gibi lity w e lfa re reci pients in s o m e
stat es. The b ill a l so pe r mits s tat es t o c u t 1:b ack , on t he range o f med i c a l care se r vice s p rov i de d , inclu d in g the po s sibi lity of provi d ing neithe r hospital no r phy sic ia n
s ervices if other l es s e s sentia l servi ces are p rovi d e d in s t e a d .
What Ne e ds To B e Done
W e urge a 11 our parti cipating organiz atio ns t o join in o pposing a t least:
th e Talm adge a m endm e n t o n ho spital s ; the m a n da tory wo r k- training p ro visio n s
and t h e freez e on t he percenta ge o f d epend ent c hild ren who c an be h elped. We
sho uld strongly urge s ubstantially larger increases in s ocial security benefits,
bot h across the b o ard an d in the minim um payments.
P l e a s e write to members of the S enat e F inanc e C ommittee (li s t attache d)
and urge th e m to vot e against t hese and any other amendments that would l ea d us
back w ard , p lunge millions of poor people into despair a n d play into the hand s of
cynics who say C ongre ss is unab le to meet the press ing needs of our communities.
But please act now! To a gro wing and ala rming extent, the War on Pov erty
appear s to be s hifting into a War on the P oor .
- 30 -
�-4-
SENA TE FINANCE COMMITTEE
Russell B. Long (D-La.), Chairman
Democrats
George A. Smathers (Fla.)
Clinton P. Anderson (N. M.)
Albert Gore (Tenn.)
Herman E. Talmadge (Ga.)
Eugene J. McCarthy (Minn,)
Vance Hartke (Ind.)
J. W. Fulbright (Ark,)
A bra ham A. Ribicoff (Conn.)
Lee Metcalf (Mont,)
Fred R. Harris (Okla.)
Republicans
John J. Williams (Del,)
Frank Carlson (Kan,)
Wallace F. Bennett (Utah)
Carl T. Curtis (Neb.)
Thurston B. Mo r ton (Ky.)
Everett McKinley Dirksen (Ill.)
�A T LANTA L IFE I N S URAN C E CO MPAN Y
P OST OFFICE BOX B97
ATLANTA , GEORGIA 303 01
JESSE HILL. JR .
May 17, 1967
ACTUARY
Honorable Ivan Allen, Jr., Mayor
City of Atlanta
City Hall
Atlanta, Georgia
Dear Mayor Allen:
Thank you very much for your cooperation and consideration during the conference last week in your office with
Summit representatives. Please send us a written statement
of your follow-up action on outlined specifics as indicated
in our discussions.
·
Please request for us from Mr. Elrod and Mr. Sutherland
a list of all job positions of the newly built and the original City Auditorium facilities, describing the respective job
qualifications, duties and salary classifications in each.
There is considerable unhappiness in the Negro community
concerning the Model Cities Proposal, and the operation of
Public Housing and Urban Renewal by the Atlanta Housing
Authority. At this hour there is serious consideration of a
delegation going to Washington to confer with Secretary Robert
Weaver as a protest of what is considered bias, discrimination
and violations of the 1964 Civil Rights Act.
In your written statement of reaction, please specify
among other things what steps you have taken to implement
changes or amendments in Model Cities Proposal as agreed to
include Negroes on the Executive Board, and other complaints
including the exclusion of Negro organi2ations in the Proposal.
\.•.
·/
-
-.-.....
�---~ -
-
Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr.
City Hall
Page 2
May 17, 1967
We also request a statement from the Personnel
Department on the status of Mr. Sterrs Johnson's application for employment in Civil Defense. Mr. Johnson has
pursued employment in this Department for several years
without success. We are informed that he has passed the
required test, at one time we were told that he did not
pass the test.
Very truly yours,
ATLANTA SUMMIT LEADERSHIP CONFERENCE
Je se Hill, Jr., Co-Chairman
Rev. S. W. Williams, Co-Chairman
Alderman Q. V. Williamson, Co-Chairman
-i
'
.•.
·I
t
~

-----· ·- __-···
__ ·-----·.. - ----_.
·-
.l
�May 26, 1967
MEMORANDUM
Mr. Theodore Edward Smith visited the Mayor's Office on
Friday, May 26th. He advised me that he represented the
U. S. District Attorney and was stationed in Atlanta for the
purp9se of keeping the U. S. Attorney General advised as to
any threats of racial disturbances. Mr. Smith requested
that he be notified of any such threats.
He can be contacted as follows:
Business: Room 401, Old Post Office Building,
U. S. District Attorney's Office
Telephone: 525-2072
Residence: 636 Fair Street, Apartment #C-21
Telephone: 524-8301
R. Earl Landers
�!
OFFICE OF TiiE MAYOR
Tel:
JOH N V, LINDSAY
566-5090
CITY HALL
NEW YORK CITY
211-68
Immediate Rel eas e
(Tue sday, Jun e 18, 19 68 )
Mayor Joh n V. Linds ay and Ma yor Car l Stoke s of Cleveland have agreed
to serve as c6-chai rmen of a mayo rs 1 commi tt e e in suppo r t of th e Poor People 's
Solidari ty Day March in Wash in gton tomorr ow (Wed nesday , Jun e 19).
Mayor Lindsay and Mayor Stokes released th e f o l lowing stateme nt fro m
t heir offices today:
"Tomorrow, June 1 9th, thousand s o f peop l e from acro ss this count ry
will gathe r in Washington , D. C . to particip ate in th e Poor People's Sol id arity
Day Mar ch.
"They wi ll march , in peace , for the right of each c i ti zen to be dec e ntl y
fed , clothed and housed .
"They wi ll march , in peace , for th e ri gh t o f every citizen to work a
full week and enjoy the fruits o f their l abor .
"1'hey wi ll march, in peace , for the right of every citi ze n to live
wi t hout fe a r and to be judged without p r ejudic8 .
" Th ey will march, in pec1c2 , fo r the ho pes o f us all .... fo r that day
when we will agai n be on e Nation .
"We, the und ersigned Mayo r s , feel it only fitting and proper that we
publ ic ly p rocla im our c ommitment to the goals of those who mar ch tomorrow.
"Nowhere is the viol en c e, poverty and division agains t which th ey
fight more deeply felt than in our great cit ies .
In th is sense, ~h eir caus e
is o ur s and we must su pport them. "
Hugh J. Addonizio , ~ayor , Newark , N .J . ; Jo seph M. Al i oto, Mayor,
San Francisco, Calif.; Ivan All en ,Jr . , Mayor, At lant a , Ga., Joseph M. Barr,
Mayor , Pitts burgh , Pa. ; Thomas P. Byrne , Mayor , St. Paul, Min n.
J prnme P. Cavanagh, Mayor, Detroi~ . Mi c h . ; A. J. Cervantes , May or,
St. Lou i s, Mo. ; J ames N. Co rbet t, Jr., Tucson, Ariz. ; Thomas G. Currigan ,
Mayo r , Den ver , Colo.; Thomas D 1 Alesandro , Mayor , Balt imore , Md .
Bruno Gi o r danoi Mayor, St amfo r d, Co nn .; Milton H. Grah am , Mayor ,
Phoe nix , Ariz. ; Richard G. Hatcher , Mayor , Gary , In d . ; John V . Linds ay ,
Mayor , New Yo r k , N.Y
.; Henry
W. Mai e r, Milwa uke e , Wisc.
.
.
Arthu r Nafta lin, Mayor , Mirlneapolis , Min n. ; Fr a nk A. Sedi ta, Bu ffa lo,
N.Y. ; Ca r l B. Stokes , May o r , Cl eve land, Oho ; Anton in a P . Ucc el lo, Mayor ,
Hartford, Conn. ; Wa lter E. Washington , Ma yor , Dist r ict of Columbia ; Ke vi n
H. White , Mayor , Boston, Mass. ; Sam ue l W. Yo r y , Mayor , Los Angeles , Cali f.
('
�.Tune 18. 1968
Mr. Fr:
Roughton
.Institute of Comm.unic tive Art
of the M thodiet Church
12.79 Oxford Road, N . E .
tlanta., Georgia 30306
r
D
., R
ghton:
y I c:lm.owledge r · ipt of your lettez, o
1f ·o f the Inetitw of Communicative Arts.
l
Sam
Dr.
mitte
-CO
&ideration to yo~ su,we
mori to Dr. King.
l
Allen. Jr.
Mayor
JAJr:lp
CC!
�THE VICE
PRESIDENT
WAS HIN G T O N
September 2, 1966
Dear Mayor :
I am pleased to send you a copy of the Report of the White
House Conference "To Fulfill These Rights." This report is a
product of more than one year of intensive study by hundreds of
individuals and organizations from all walks of life who responded to President Johnson's call for a White House Conference
to help formulate specific steps to help the Negro American move
"beyond opportunity to achievement."
The report was recently presented to the President by the
Honorary Chairman of the Conference, Mr. A. Philip Randolph, International President of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters,
and the Chairman of the Conference, Mr. Ben W. Heineman , Chairman
of the Chicago and Northwestern Railway Company.
The 29 member Council to the Conference and the 2500 delegates stressed the formulation of action recommendations in four
specific areas : 1. Ec onomic security and welfare; 2. Education;
3. Housing; and 4. Administration of Justice.
President Johnson has announced that all Federal departments
and agencies will evaluate these proposals most carefully and
submit to him specific recommendations for carrying forward the
Administration's commitment of promoting equal rights and equal
opportunity for every American.
You will note, however, that much of the responsibility for
implementing these recommendations also rests with our states
and local communities. This is as it should be -- meaningful,
visible change in the lives of people cannot take place in any
other manner.
�-2-
I, therefore, urge your careful analysis and study of this
report. Many of the recommendations will hopefully be relevant
to problems you may face in your community. If you have questions about any portion of the report or its recommendations,
please feel free to seek from me additional clarification or
assistance. And I am especially hopeful that you will from time
to time let me know what steps you may be taking in achieving
the objectives discussed in the report.
As stated by the President, we are seeking "not just equality as a right and a theory, but equality as a fact and a result."
I believe this report is a historic blue-print for action to
help our nation achieve this goal.
Best wishes.
Sincerely,
Hubert H. Humphrey
Honorable Ivan Allen, J r.
Mayor
City Hall
Atlanta 3, Georgia
�THE WHITE HOUSE CONFERENC E "TO FULFILL THESE RIGHTS"
1800 G Street, N. W.
Washington, D. C.
Tel: 737-9010
NOTICE
The enclosed Report of the White House Conference
"To Fulfill These Rights" is being distributed to all
who were invited to the Conference, Members of Congress,
news media, private and Federal Government agencies.
Additional copies of the Report may be purchased
for $1.25 per copy from the Superintendent of Documents,
United States Government Printing Office, Washington,
D. C. 20402.
An order for additional copies must be accompanied
by a check or money order payable to the Superintendent
of Documents.
�September 16 , 1966
Mr . Charles A . Fitzgerald, President
Tucker M i dget Football Conference , Inc.
P . 0 . Box 67
Tucker, Georgia
Dear Mr . Fitzgerald:
I was very pleased to learn of the p l ans you and Ral ph Long
are making for a football game at Wesley Avenue .
I am familiar with the fine work of Mr. Long and Aaron Watson .
Probably the main reason we have not had any racial disturbances
in J:nat neighborhood is because of the positive program of
parti cipation th t these two men carry out in their community.
I see no problems at all with your bringing a team into the
Wesley area and I would endorse such a commendable attempt
to develop friendship between the races in this manner.
Mr . Dan Sweat, my assistant, has worked with Mr . Long and
Mr . Wat on on other projects and I am sure he would be happy
to work with you if there is anything my office can do to help
make thi project a success .
I am sure that Mr . Swe twill be interested from another standpoint since he lives in your conununity and has a son playing
on the Smoke Rise team. You m y call him at 522-4463,
Ext. 280. His home number is 938-0197.
Congr tulations and good luck with your fine progr m.
Sine rely yours,
Ivan Allen, Jr.
Mayor
IAJr:fy
�TUCIIBR MIDGET FOOTBALL CONFERENCE, INC.
P. 0. BOX 67 • TUCKER, GA. • TELEPHONE 938-4888
"Bringing the Wonderful World of Football to Boys and Girls"
Board of Directors
League Teams
CHARLES FITZGERALD
EMMETT MIZE
Lions
Smoke Rise
ldlewood
Tucker Park
Briarlake
Midvale
Rehobeth Baptist
Warren
FRANK FINDLEY
Officers
CHARLES FITZGERALD,
President
EMMETT MIZE, Athletic Director
FRANK FINDLEY, Secretary-Treasurer
Girls' Activities
Boys' Activities
JEANNETT DOSTER,
EMMETT MIZE
DOUG STOWERS
OTIS HOLMES
CHARLES KING
BOB HENDRIX
GuYWARREN
BILL HICKSON
JIM BRIDGES
938-4387
938-8441
938-3768
938-3450
938-2510
938-7479
443-6000
938-0089
MACKY WATERS,
SUE BALL, SHIRLEY TOWNLEY,
Fund Raising
September 12, 1966
The Honorable Ivan Allen
Mayor of the City of Atlanta
City Hall
Atlanta, Georgia
Dear Mayor Allen:
This letter is written to aquaint you with a worth while project for
negro boys in the city of Atlanta.
Since January, Mr.Ralph Long, Principal of Wesley School, Mr. Aaron
Watson, Athletic Director of Wesley, and myself have been meeting
making plans for a football program for boys 8 thru 13 year of age
living in the various communities of Atlanta.
King & Spalding Company, has incorporated our group under the name
"Youth Sports Activities of Atlanta, Incorporated 11 , as you can see on
the attached blank letterhe ad.
In meeting with Mr. Long and Mr. Watson and others they have brought
in, I have been impressed by their desire to do for their young people
even though it means taking much of their spare time . I believe in
f ootball as a builde r of character and believe what these me n are doing
is v ery wor th while .
My group in Tucker is also engaged in similar work with our youth and
hav e eleven year s e x p e rience at it . This fall ou'r t wo groups a re
t r y ing to a rr a nge some way to b r ing our two t e ams together in a gester
o f friends h ip. Our t hought i s t o _ start out wi th a game i n t h e Wes l ey
area , with u s bringing o ur group i n a b u s . We want to pro vide a b r i dge ,
s mall in the beg inning , f o r a better und e rstan d i ng between our young
people . I know of n o b e tter way than a thle t ics .
Conti nued • . • • •
�The Honorable Ivan Allen
Since this would mean bringing 33 white boys into the Wesley area,
we want to make sure we go about this in the right way. I would
appreciate your thoughts on this. Perhaps you could come and speak
to the two groups before the game, right at the field. I truly
believe this is a milestone in good relations between races but,
as I said, don't want to make a mistake as we start out.
If y ou think it advisable we can come down to your office and
discuss this. At any rate I will appreciate your suggestions
and comments.
Very truly yours,
T~~Cc ~
OOTBALL CONFERENCE ,
Charles-~? ~
President
CAF : ns
cc; Mr . Ralph Long
Mr . Aaron Watson
Mr . Emmett Mize
�YOUTH SPORTS A CTIVITIES
OF
A TLA.t~T A, I Nc.
1275 FAIR STREET • ATLANTA, GA. • 775-5590
A Non-Profit Recreational Program for Boys and Girls in Atlanta
Board of Directors
A. LONG
A ARON L. WATSON
CHARLES A. FITZGERALD
RALPH
Officers
R ALPH
.AARON
A. LONG, President
L. WATSON, Secretary-Treasurer
�---!~
CITY OF AT LANT A
llR
-..J.. l ,.,.J
I'
CITY HALL• 68 M IT_CH ELL STRE E T , S. W . •
ATL.I\NTA, GEO RCilA 30303 •
August 10, 1966
!•· tir, ,\LLEN, JR.
', • 11·,1r, C,t y al Atlan t,1
PLA NNING AND DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE
BOARD OF ALDERMEN
P,JDNEY M COOK,
C."'airm in
E GRESORY GRIGGS,


,1·c Cl 1irm an


R<J BER, S DENNIS
r, A. C:ILL!AM
CHA/ll/ .S H. LEF TWICH
J B N MOORE
JACK SUMMERS
TECHNICAL ADVISORY BOARD
EXECUrlVE COMMITTEE
R EARi. LANDER S
,1, 1min t.s !-.'t to (he Mayor, Cha,rman
W/ON T 13. BEAN
Pn nniri q Ennincer
HI /JnY L. flOWDEN
C •y Att , ,nr y
Cl/ l<fl ll 5 L DAVIS
Mrs. EI iza Pasch a 11
Executive Director
Council on Human Relations ·
of Greater Atlanta, Inc.
5 Forsyth Street, N. W.
Atlanta, Georgia 30303
c .-:nµt, 1l/er
II LLI M < S HOWL AND
{ •ec,1ti t!
O•t<'ctor. C.A C U R
/l,n A NIXO N
C: il' t ol Co,,,; t,uc tion
t B. S,\ TT ERF IELD
f r,!c. {) r . AU.Jn l J Hous,ng Au l ho•i ty
I', .LI AI I R. WOFFORD
1, peel 1r o,' Bwkiings
OTHER MEMBERS
D' IANF W, BECK
[,.,:,c V r., C:ommunity Council of Atl3n l,l
Dear Mrs. Paschal I:
Thank you for your recent letter concerning personnel policies
relative to the undertaking of the Atlanta Community Improvement
Program and specifically to the employment of Negroes. Your letter
offers us an opportunity to report on sound progress in th is regard.
GI Er-.N E. BENNE TT
f-,"<.. ul,H' 01rec tor. A.R.M P C
Ki, RL A Bl VINS
1, J/f1c f ng,ncer
JACK C DELIUS
p ,,.~f s, ( cnr·ral M;mager
or ' J, '
n-r Pul
HACKNEY
H"a lrh, Fulton Co.
C H. HILDEBRAND
One of the clauses appearing in the contract between the City
of Atlanta and the United States of America for the federal grant
funds reads as follows:
I 11 eCh1 el
PAUL B /V EY
I <I A, rnt
J()HN H. JACOBS
D . ecto, of L,brBries
I IERB El'T T JENKINS
P,··'lcc Chief
I,/ AN f Kif PPfR
r , tun C<- u, l y Manager
( · JO > •l ·,•, LEl SON
.'
11 0 1 ' ·C' 1:01'.
Jc V, M LLER
,.rm, r•. A F C.J.P B
f I. OP. Y ~- PARRI SH
, 1, 'r St ,le Hw y Planning Enp,in,,,.,
T1 :lMt,, H ROBER TS
f', •nnin 1 O,r . A R M.P.C
I
( 1
0 1 T, <J. VIN SON
D.. , Pub Health , DeKalb Co.
p;, u1. L. WEIR
W iter Worl-: li, Gen. Mgr .
Equal Employment Opportunity.
In the carrying
out of the work covered by this Contract, the Public
Body will not discriminate against any employee or applican.t for employment because of race, creed, color, or
national origin. The Public Body wi 11 take affirmative ·
action to ensure that applicants are employed, and that'
employees are treated during employment, without regard
to their race, creed, color, or national origin. Such
action shall include, but not be limited to, the followinu:
employment, upgrading, demotion, or transfer; recruitment
or recruihnent advertising; layoff or termination; rates of
pay or other forms of compensation; and selection for
training, including apprenticeshipo The Public Body agrees
to post in conspicuous places·, available to employees and
applicants ,for employment, notices to be provided by the
11 • • •
ATLANTA'S MUNICIPAL RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
522-4463
GEORGE L. ALDRIDGE, JR .
Director
�Mrs. EI iza Pasch a 11
- 2 -
· August 10, 1966
Government setting forth the provisions of this nondiscrimination clause.
The Public Body will, in all solicitations or advertisements for employees
placed by or on behalf of the Public Body, state that all qualified applicants will receive consideration for employment without regard to race,
creed, color, or national origin. · The Pub I ic Body wi 11 incorporate the
. foregoing requirements of this paragraph in all of its contracts for work
covered by th is Contract, other than contracts for construction and
contracts for standard commercial supplies or raw materials, and will
require all of its contractors ·for such work to incorporate such requirements in all subcontracts for work covered by this Contract ••• 11
In retaining the services of professional consultants to undertake the sundry
work items contained in the format of the Cl P, subsequent contracts have been
executed. Each contract drawn between the City of Atlanta and the professional
consultants contains th~ same language set forth above.


· :·


The Community Improvement Program has a permanent staff of six persons in
addition to the director. Al I are City employees - paid by the City of Atlanta
and subject to the City's personnel policies . These six persons on the permanent
staff consist of two professional planners, two assistant planners, an administrative
secretary and a Clerk Ill. The Clerk Ill is a Negro. He is but one of three
appointments on the permanent staff made by the director since he was employed.
Prior to my arrival the entire permanent staff had been selected and were on the
job working . Although the positions Clerk 111 and Assistant Planner are subprofessional classifications, the potential for moving up to professional levels is
wide open, depending on experience, education and abilities . Concerning
salary ranges for these positions and any others in which you may be interested,
we suggest that you address your questions to the City of Atlanta Personnel Department .
Due to the natu re of the Atlanta CIP, it has been ne cessary for the Ci ty to
e mploy te mpora ry college and high school students . Du ri ng the summe r a nd ear ly
fal l of 1965 , the CIP staff assembled a task force of a pprox imately 70 people to
unde rta ke a city- w ide inventory of parcels of land in At lanta and com pi le 38 un its
of informatio n a bou t e ach parcel (e . g ., building conditions , owne rsh ip, land use ,
zoning classificatio n, e tc. ) . Th is inventory wa s unde rta ke n in con juncti on with
the insta llation of the City' s electron ic da ta proc essi ng equ ipmen t. In a ssembling
the "task force 11 , we sought a combi nation of co llege students from th e local area
and high school students enro lle d in the In-Sch ool Program of Economic Opportunity
Atlanta, Inc., the local anti-poverty program. The Atlanta Personnel Department
sent notices to al I colleges in the metropo litan area and the response by the college
students for approximately' 40 jobs was overwhelming. White and Negro college
�- -- - - - -
~--.·---3-
Mrs. Eliza Paschall
-·--·-"'""'
August 10, 1966
students applied. Recruitment, testing, screening and certification were handled
through and supervised by the Atlanta Personne I Department. Selection of the
40 college students was the perogative of the CIP staff. The result was a bi-racial
group of college students which constituted a large portion of the task force.
Economic Opportunity Atlanta, Inc., provided us with 25 to 30 high school
students through their In-School Program - all of whom were Negroes. Although
we are not recruiting at the present time, our record speaks for itself i_nsofar as
recruiting Negroes is concerned~ Our experience in employing Negroes and
whites in a team effort has wrought meaningful results.
In response to your question concerning the irpolicy,working board 11 ,
apparently you have reference here to the Board of Aldermen of the City of
Atlanta. As you know, this is a 17 member board, one of whom is a Negro,
Mr. Q. V. Williamson of the Third Ward •
•
As mentionecl'eadier, each of our consultants are bound by a contractual
clause relative to equal opportunity in employment. To our knowledge each has
offered Negroes employment and are I iving up to th is contractual requirement.
The City's contract with each consultant is not predicated on their submission of
detailed payroll records or substantiated by racial composition relative to payments
for work performed. Instead, each consultant bills the City based on the percentage
of work he has completed in proportion to the total cost of the contract. Should
you have evidence that the aforementioned equal opportunity in employment clause
is being or has been violated by one of the City's consultants on work contracted for
under this program, we would appreciate your forwarding it to us for investigation.
,,1.
The time limit for completing all of the work items contained in the Atlanta
Community Improvement Program is twenty-seven months. We are currently in the
twentieth month of the program. As I mentioned in my letter to you of February
4, 1966, we have worked very closely for some time now with two citizens groups
as the CIP has progressed. These are the Mayor's Citizens Advisory Committee on
Urbari Renewal and a CIP sub-committee of that group. Both of these groups are
bi-racial. For some time now, the City along with the citizens groups mentioned
above have recognized the need for broader citizen involvement, thinking and
reaction to CIP findings and recommendations. Generally speaking, such citizen
involvement in other cities having undertaken similar programs has awaited the
completion of the entire program. Early this fall, prior to the completion of the
program, the City of Atlanta is planning to conduct, on a city-wide level , and
then perhaps for local neighborhood associations, civic organizations, etc., a
series of four seminars on the Atlanta Community Improvement Program. These
four seminars will treat the topical areas:
�i
-4-
Mrs. Eliza Paschall
August 10, 1966
(1) Government and law
(2) The physical environment
(3) The economic environment, and
(4) The people
These seminars should serve to promote broader understanding of the City's problems,
its resources, what the future holds for. the City of Atlanta - and the ro le of Atlanta's
citizens in that future.
Once again, thank you for the opportunity of reporting on what we consider a
good record in bi-racipl employment practices. We are looking forward to this fall
and to our seminar~ with
... the citizens of Atlanta •
.
GLA,Jr/lm
cc:
The Honorable Robert Weaver
Secretary
Depar1ment of Housing and Urban Development
Washington, D. C.
The Honorable Ivan Allen, Jr.
Mayor
City of Atlanta, Georgia
The Honorable Q. V. Wil Iiamson
Alderman, Third Ward
City of Atlanta, Georgia
be:
Rodney Cook
tv
D Sw
Ear-I La en
Colli GI in
t Lyle
�,\
11
COUNCIL ON HUMAN RELATIONS
c,,.
MRS JOHN W. STANLEY
CHAIRMAN
GREATER ATLANTA
MR ZENAS SEARS
5 F"CRBYTH STREET, N. W.
1ST VICE-CHAIRMAN
MRS. ELIZA PASCHALL
EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
ATLANTA, 13ECRIJIA 30303
MR . THOMAS McPHERSON
TELEPHONE 5:Z3•15B1
2ND VICE-CHAIRMAN
MISS GLENDA BRISCOE
SECRETARY
,INC.
August 4, ·1966
DR . JON JOHNSTON
TREASURER
DIRECTORS
The REV . JOSEPH
E . BOONE
Mrs . PHILIP
BRACHMAN
Mr. SINCLAIR
JACOBS
Mr. George Aldridge, Jr.
Director, Community Improvement Program
City Hall
Atlanta, Georgia
Dear Mr. Aldridge:
Mr . A . V . JETT
Miss NORAH
McNIVEN
The Rev. EUGENE
PICKETT
Mr. JAMES
R. WOOD
Dr . SAMUEL
WILLIAMS
Mr. Q. V.
WILLIAMSON
Mrs . P. Q .
YANCEY
Mr. HARRY
BOYTE
Mr . J . OTIS
COCHRAN
Dr . WILLIAM
S. JACKSON
Mrs . FRED
LANOUE
It is our understanding that because of the large amount of federal
funds in the CIP program, the personnel policies would have to conform
to the requirments of the civil rights laws. Would it be possible
for you to give us information about those Negroes who are employed
in a office and/or professional jobs level in connection with the
CIP program - in yo~r office, on the staff of Candeub, and Felissing,
or on the staff of any other organization with which the city has
contracted for any part of this program?
~ttached is•. a blank for your convenience. If your office is not the
proper one to supply this information, we will appreciate your
forwarding this request-~ to the proper one. We would also like to
know what point the CIP has reached and when citizens will have an
opportunity to review it and react to it.
We would like to arrange a publio meeting for such discussion at
the appropriate time.
Sincerely yours,
Mr . JERR Y
LEVINE
Mrs . SARA P .
MITCHELL
Mr . WILEY
MONTAGUE
Mr . MORGAN
STANFORD
Mr . AL ULMER
Mrs. CLIFFORD
WILSON
M~;El:a~ ~
Executive Director
EP:lf
cc:
The Hon. Robert Weaver, Secretary, Housing & Urban Development,
Washington, D.C.
�Total nU1'ber in oftioe - - - - - - - - - • l'rofocsion~l _______Pooi tione
Total nUJ11ber
ot Negroea in office ____ s professional _ _ _ _ _ _.cpouitiona
f.wnber of .~osroos in supervisory poa1 tions - - - - - - - ·
Salary r anee of white e~ploy0en _____ to_____
Salary r nngo of Negro e:.iploygo11J _ _ _ _ _to____,_ __
Ar o you now r 0cruiting for a.ny jobs?
Row have you tried to r oaruit Nogro applioants?·
Numb0r o.r whi tea on policy workine Board _____Exec. Comu. the'-----·
Niw:ber
L
or
~e~room on policy ·vorkin& Board _____Exoo. Committee_____•
�1
AFFIRMATION ATLANTA from Summit Leadership Conference
We the undersigne d citizens of Atlant a , Georgia are seriously
concerned about the welfare and progress of our city.
We h a ve noted
with pride the substantial progress which has been made in many areas
of our social, civic and economic life , p a rticularly in the last five years.
For the first time many of us feel that we are not only a part of the city,
but that w e have deep and significant stakes in its w elfare and in its
progress.
We realize that while we have made progress , there are still
areas in which we need to make more significant advances and thes e
with haste .
We are disturbed , howe v e r , tha t there appear to b e ele ment s
i n the city w hich do not have the total w elfare a t heart of the g roups wh i ch
t hey appear t o r epresent.
The se i ndi vidua ls , we are afraid, b elieve t h at
p r o g r e s s can b e m ade t hrough d i stur bing t h e b e s t rat her · t h an wor k i n g
with t h e wholes ome ele m ents i n ou r popu l ation t o kee p Atlan ta head ed in
t h e righ t d irection .
We want a ll good cit izens t o know that w h ile we
deplor e certain shor t c omin g s t o b e found i n our s o cial , ec onomic and
civic l ife, t h at we d o n ot fee l t h at vi ole n ce o r b reak ing of l aws is u s eful
in helping us t o ach ieve the compl ete h uman equality for w h ich we work and
for which we will c ontinue diligently to strive.
We pledge our strong
c ooperation with all the forces of law and order that Atlanta will become
a completely open city whic h we desire . . • where every man regardless
of his social, racial or economic status will have completely t hose
opportunities for the good life available to any other citizen.
In attestation
�Page 2
of these ideas, we the undersigned pledge to our fellow-men in the
City of Atlanta our most ardent efforts and our continuous help.
Samuel W. Williams
Alderman Q. V. Williams on
Co-Chairmen, Summit
Leadership Conference
Senator LeRoy Johnson
~ Rep.Wm. Alexander
·r, Y , / _ _, 11.,,,. - .
/R ep. J ohn Gr e er
?\~· ~ J ~
Rep. John Hood
Mr. Benjamin T. Smith
Dr. M. L. King, Sr.
Bishop Ernest L. Hickman
Mr. T. M. Alexander, Sr.
Mrs. Eu...Tli ce Cooper
Dr. John A. Middleton, Pres. Morris Brown
Dr. Benjamin E. Mayes, Pres., Morehouse
Dr. Rufus E. Clement, Pres., Atlanta University
Dr. Albert E. Manley, Pres. Spelman
Dr. Harry V. Richardson, Pres. ITC
�VIOLENCE IS NOT THE WAY
• • . Atlanta Branch NAACP
The events occurring in our city a few nights ago when a few people
interfered with an officer of the law in the routine execution of his duty
has caused some alarm and deep concern on our part as citizens in this
community who take seriously our responsibility as citizens.
No one
can honestly deny the facts of history -- facts which show that Negro
people have been and still are victims of injustices and wrongs.
We are
just as determined as any to work continuously and with vigor to eliminate
any and all injustice in this city.
We do not believe , however , that one
wrong can be made right by committing another wrong.
violence no
The way of
matter by whom perpetuated is wrong and it creates more
problems tha n it solves.
i nnocent children.
by any people.
Worst of all , violence a lways victimi z e s the
This course i s not wise and should not be follow ed
There i s a w ay to protes t.
in our Constitution.
The frame w ork i s set out
All people should w o rk t o s ee:
1.
That it is preserved and honor ed.
2.
That all who live under
it, live~
it.
V i olence or inciting t o riot does neither of these.
As citizens
who live he re and who are determined t o make Atlanta a more just city
we pledge our support of law and o rder.
We call for wisdom and calmness
on the part of all • • • the police and the people alike.
Level heads , pure
hearts when joined in a common purposeD remove fear and release
untapped energies for good.
Atlant~D t hough imperfect, is too good to
�NAACP Statement
Page 2
be destroyed by rashness no matter from what quarter.
Those who are
engaged in the struggle for human injustice anywhere in this nation must
have friends.
No man, no nation, no group of people can go it alone •.
Cooperation is the way to achieve righteous goals.
�-------------------~-~-----------~------------------
June 10, 1966
Chief Herbert T . J enkins
A tlanta Police Department
17 5 De catarr Street
A tlanta, G eorgi a
De ar Chief:
I am r e turn ing your packet of i nformation from the Civil
Rights C o nference.
I am sure that it was a very highly interesting mee ting and
I hope that it has some positive results.
Sincerely yours.
Dan E. Sweat
DES:fy
Attachment
�CITY O F A T LAN TA
DEPARTMENT of POLICE
Atlanta 3, Georgia
J une 6 , 1966
HERBERT T . JENKINS
Ch i ef
Mr. Dan E . sweat , Jr.
Ma.yor ' s Office
City Hall
Atlant a , Georgi a
Dear Dan :
Attached hereto i s my f ile f r an the Whi te
House Conference that I attended.
I at tended all of the neetings and the
Planning Sessi on l ast f all and the regular sessi on l ast week.
Presi dent Johnson , Vioe Presi dent Humphrey ,
and Attorney General Kat zenbach made it abundantly clear at
both neetings that the Johnsen Administration was ccmnitted and
dedicated in not only giving the A'Uerican Negro all the rights
and privileges of f i rst cl ass citizenship , but t o also give them
eve:ry possibl e assistanoe in obtaining these rights .
'!here were only a few hundred people attending
the planning sessi on , but about 2500 attended the general session
last week.
It was a very infonnative and interesting
rceeting as well as a ve:ry interested group of individuals, as
you can tell by the attadled file .
Please retum the file when you have fci.nished
with it.
Sincerely yours,
HTJ:gp
attach
Chief of Polled
�May 4, 1966
MEMORANDUM
To:
Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr.
From: Dan Sweat
Subject : Atlanta Hospitals and Civil Rights Compliance
The U . S . Department of Health, Education and Welfare is greatly
concerned about the fact that no major hospital facility in the
Atlanta area has met the Civil Rights compliance requirements
and a a result will run into major problem
hortly after July 1.
One big problem is that HEW will not be able to allow any
Medica re expenses to be incurred at Gra dy or the other major
ho pitals.
Mr. Pete P a ge, R egional Administrator of HEW,
ys that they
are holding up a gr nt £or several million doll rs for a vocational
rehabilitation project at Grady and that Grady ha recently missed
a izable grant for C a ncer re earch becau e of non-complianc .
H point d out th the and hi repre ent tiv s met sever 1 we ks
ago with the ho pital a dmini trators and official but they have
had no corr spond nee from the ho pital • Mr . Page say th t
h and his sta ff ar willing to work night nd d y to do what ver
th y c n to help th hospitals get in a position to me t th require ..
ments n ce ary for continued participation in HEW program •
�Mayor Allen
P a ge Two
May 4, 1966
I don ' t know what we could, or should , do about the situation
but thought that you would be interested in this information.
DS :fy
cc: Mr . R. Earl Landers
�Atlanta, Geor ·
August lS, 19 7
-•
·z Paschall
ccutive. Dir .ctor
Co
ni y olati
120'.3 Ci :, Rall
tlanta,
D
C
3030.3
r
nt 1n co!WUI\... ...,.
!feral re
t.
e.
�Page 2
0£ looking ou.t for t he so-called pros . I . mve another question.
Will E.O. A. p
pro r, that till that all put ney in the poor
citi.zetis pocket$?
I
y
ve to rely u n "The e .ho 11 a
• I hairi m 'li.th the e
E. O. A. chosen i'e-v for so ~ ns 'W'ltil I
sick. For each
ose the
i dentical f e •t a.re notified, and call t.o meot a.rd decide f or the co..w""'....Us118J.ly the deel.sion is . _eady de; he c
to ru t l ~,..,,,....,.l_..y
approval to it.
it•a good or b , it is never discuss
.isf ctol'Uy'.
T 1at is another· r so I am no · so eager to continue to deceive m.y-s
my n, · bo.rhood, and in:,- f rie s .
Unlike
ral. o-.
· __
of gettin results.
· hi.ir, I
y not :return, unless I s
•
t
�City of Atlanta
COMMUNITY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
Memorandum
Date:
From: _ _G
_ e_o....,
rg,__e_
August 10, 1966
L_._A
_ ld_r_i_d =ge-', _J_r_. _ _ _ __ _ __ _ __ __
To: _ __ D~o~o
~ S~w~e
~o
-Lt ____
_____ _ ____ _ _____
[x]
For your information
0
Please make necessary reply
D
Advise status of the attached
Attached is an exchange of correspondence between th is
office and the Council on Human Relations of Greater
Atlanta
FORM 30 · C· 1
Inc .
�FROM:
Ivan Allen, Jr.
~
For your information
D
Please refer to the attached correspondence and make the
necessary reply.
D
F O RM 25-4
Advise me the status of the attached.
�