Box 21, Folder 4, Document 17

Box 21, Folder 4, Document 17

P·,: c l i ..,::.:,::::y
F1\.\NCI. '(~
AT~.\\TA'S
Rap i
an s i t A t hor:. ··y
.Ju y 3i , 1 6 7


-i A :'-1 ~1 E R , G


E E . ' .:: , -~ I L E R A S S O C I A T E S
\\'AS!iL GTO, ·- , TLA!'TA
230 Pcachtre- Str et ~ . E.
Atlar-ta , G~o 5 ~~ 30303
�-I~A::C:i:NG
'1 ;::
co:-:s':'~UCT_G,'
OF ATLA(T.-\' S RAPIJ T.,.'c,,S::.T SYSTE:,.
T:e c:::i ..:::::. cost
e :::· ir.2.c--:ce


..;..: -t


sys'.:



i




of ~eLopoli·c::i.


't:.:. ta'


rapi.
tra sit syste .. c:e:;:::: y
by £1.:1 s o· tained f _o!n so:.:rc~s be ond t .
...ar
bo:·.
ca;:i generate e . ough opera-:... · n g re r- nues to cove _ op rati:1g e--~
ar.


l $ E:S


ce ·ch · p:.irchase of the oasic rolling stock a.--:ci op ra-:: - !
in; e t..::.pr.: .·c.
b idges, statio, sand othc
le .,cnts of t e f::.xed inv stme t
in Metro"'1o· ::.·::an
_ 00 1 •
F
eral an
t e t ac>s,
For t e c apit::l co ·cs of t. e system, ho•.1 re _
·clanta must
to t . e locc:.
tte area
governmen·cs
to
C:.:-'~
stat~ sources .
u
T:.is is, of cours , norma .
Rapi
t ansit s stems a:::-1c: basicaLy u:.:o:..::.c
e,.te:c1):..·iscs CJ?crating public facilities comparable to str
perforrr.ir.g essc tial public services .
Alt;"cug
ts and sc .oo::.s
2..
t' ey a:-e unlil'e s·'r ets z.nc
s c· oo s in that they produce operating revenu · s, few sys te'.lls a _ e ab le to s:;_:iL
off er:.ot..(,,. .et returns to r:ia! e any substantial cont:..·ibut.:..o
the fixed. i. vcstP.ents .
to b::i.sic cos-cs
So; e syste.s do bett r t an ot·.e s but all s
.;Le
·..:,.e
cha acteristic of being public service enterprises that require direc . . . ::,u - ::.ic '
St.]por.: ~rt ey a e to ~cet public needs .
le islation that set u
0
loc::.i g0ver::l .. c ,-::s to
r,, etropoli ta..'11 At lan'.:a' s syste:il
G.
thori:::.:::-
a'·e funds available foT capital cos\:s i.1 two way-.
is ·co t.:ti::.izo the bonding capacity of eac:--, jt1risdiction, if sue,
.'.11 ... i:~.>:...:: ,



or the issuance of general oblig2.tion bo.1ds ,:i os




HA.:,\ .... !:R.ORCE, C:.:lll
procee-1.s ,:o
A AS
CCIA.i .. S
-
"'
... J. . C
...,_,,.:)
�/
(:':A.~--'-~ Io
7hc ot!:.e:r u:::-o·,ic.~ - : o--.:
land ac · isi tio, ~:-id c ons truc·.::io;i c os·cs .
sti?ul::t-3~ pay,n n s :Zro1 ·.::r.e -ocal gov e :..· _r.-.e _ts to ·che Am::. o:city ·::o cov :.- t:-1.
-..: "-'--~c:
cos~s o~ se _vicing beads~ ic
'.!
u::.2-
SSl!e.
is·o;i- _: b~ ge .,e ally class ed as _ev , t:e '.:lo,.ci.s ::,ecause t'
re v~:1ucs ? l e dg d fro . loca
I::1 -::~
fo::..lo·.·:ing sectio .,
c :::p it::l cost
The
1
_apia
of V.e
de:_ lying p
'-r;:.
~c
.:-:-iC
11
J,
.e::.·
secu_i·.::y ,:o'..-:c 02
t.S .
sp cts o= the local :°i:canci .g o-£ t:-.0
opolita...-1 . "i::la.. ·.::a ' s r .J.pid ·ca_ sits st .. w::. :!. :. be
xp~o:--d .
'"::.se to be rei te _ a t ed is th::t t' e public :: aturc o:: t: e
si·c c:1terprise c al s for t e uublic assl!.'11pti on of res- o:::.s::...,i :..ity
for pay::.ng fo
t he fixed inv est .ent .
T _is pr mise has al eady be ::1 c:c:::-1
ecogni::ed locally m d indeed was as sumed in the cre at ion of MARTA
t c l ·gi s lat ion providing for MART. ' s suppo:..··· an
o
d
J.T:.
ratior,s .
Questic~s and Principles
Three key qucstio s
, ed to be pa ticula ly hig lighted i
this ar.~lysis :
To i·J'. at extent c an the local c..rea coun-c 0:1 _inancia
help from E!ederal and s tate sources to suppler.1e t
·the funds that rr.ust be ade avail~ble from t
locel
government ?
After the local share is ·ete::.::ined, l m· shou1d th is
b· rden be ailocated among the ever al gover 1, .:;ntz.l
juris ictions within t e me·tropoli tan a ·e;:?
After this allocation is made en a fair and ~quitable
oasis, ·,1hat would be the potential ir.,pact of t· is new
2. pen it re commitment U?On the local gove . r.ents a_~d
t~xpayers?
- 2HAMMER
IJR .. ~P\ .. •SI~
RASS::;11. l ~,}
__
�t~at .:.La ~o: ·u~ject ~o precise co_ro o~atio~.
t:
amo,~
~
ci=le~
t governDe ,t 1 juris
~
tio~s
A::ocating t .e locai steL ?ulton, D -'.'n.lb, C2.a to. ,
ob co:.m ... ies (wit~ a nossiblc b_ca - out of the City o_
Atl::u.ta -!:
c::1 ·";
c co' 1ti s in whicl. it is loc,rce: ) - - c lls :..:o_
cvi ::.::-.'.; e
c.lyzing
gets
OL
t'
· e · pact or _a i
4
_ru sit finru ci g upo . the bu
e d:.. :..er n- local governrr.ents cal:i.s ,..o_ evaluation o
p _oblc1.s oi. acco.~1;0 ating additional
that a·e al~e
y unde r
First
th
prc.ct:.cc..:.
~it~in govcr . ent 1 stLuctur s
i an cial pressu- .
S::iecific answe s to eac' o
tis sectio~ .
=·. a:"h. · e~
c
for::-.Jla -c,:.::·c co. si 'c rs both benefits fro! , t. · Lansi t systc:;-i a
t'
ere
t es
ight b
questions will be provide
12.te.1. i ,
2n explorati~ c _ pri ciples invo v
1 .
orde~ to get age .eral pe _spective fo _ tr.e subsequent an lysis.
Fcdeo_d .:.::d State Assistance .
All of
nsi t
he r:1ajor rapi
t .,e U~ited States built up to the present time -- in Ne\l
·ys-cc:i:~
ark, Chic2go , P i:e -
cclphi~, Boston and Cleveland -- have been preponderantly ~inane d f~o~
revcnu~ sources, bot
public and pr·vatc .
i.
It has only been in
oc_:
cc rt 'C.:: _s
that the .~eC.:.or l government has developed a program o':f ass is tanc"" i. t:1is
f~eld
s~all.
~n~
t; e w.oJnt of Federal mo~ey invo ved to date h~s bee~ r~lat:..ve~y
Tte w.ost recent rapid transit syste, to get under ~onstructio,
3ay Are~ f pid Transit syst m (BART) in Sx1 Francisco - - is be:.ng al~os:
co.::Lj:..-.:·ce!y i:.n need fro:n state and local sources, 1vit'i ·c"he ·cu:-ren
F..-:c...:;1·2.:.. fu:-ids ::-...presenting a small Laction
0.1.
the tot:2.l costs
f:o,.. ::r.=
\,·: .i.c, :r.c.:
-3H~MMEA.OR!
NE.
t:R
Asr;c,;.1.T • .i
- -
1
�reach or.c
L1 0
C
s:s


.~~:.on collars) .


f143.215.248.55 ~
clearly r -s~
Gr. -~:.'.)
1
~:. ~~


s sou


the -oca l
Oc.>.. e r
-~
n ed o:: ::.. i.e ..
~
ooi .t oi
u·-:y
C
re a .
, ViJ.tUJ. lly .::i.11 u . . in...'1 gov :rnr.:ents
atio~al crisis .
0 ~
n r ve ,ues eac
yea ,
oc 1 goverr, e~ts.
su,p i s in most
arc cievelo?e~, there' as be
stc:. e gove:.-·m.:cn·cs fo _
=G
a;-.c..
itional r ver.u s
i c ea ing
Eve
e 1ands
as
c·d to tur
re o tn.::ni:-:g
ew l ocal r ev .u
tote F
.
C
_
so
ces j
a., i-:. .
lp .
It can b:::; ta<e, as a basic assu p tion t ·. rit ~et ropolitan
L:::r,si: syste:n ,ust -- and will
sources .
i:;,.
proolems are mult:plyi. g
n eds fr a
-
v.::il~bility of fu.ds.
p _odt.ci:,_; s:-...::rp i. e r .::i.ses
reve.u
,l
Urban popul t:o s a:-e growi g rap"d y, de~:::~·-


acto·s a e crea i g u pre cede~te


int e face of Ii ited
v. S .
ci c:.l p · ig' t of _;,_l'!1erica.71 cL::.es tas :-e:::c'..e
c fi
s e :-v:.ccs 2··e mourc -~i . g , c _i ical urb
all o.r t; e
i71 L,-.:
t l
ta's rap:.d
get some aid£ om both Federal and s~a~e
'":·.e primary responsibili y :or fina;-1c: g this sy tei , now v0r, c~---: -
r:ot. b.::: .:,hi:Zt d away from the local governments .
?~a..-. :Z0r t. e Metronoli tan
In developing a fi:-a:-_cia.:.
tl:mta s stem, t e app1·oach ~Lst be to
,.. os·c :.'.::;~:.istic possible estimate o
r:1
funds that c~m b1:: expected .Lrom F ,
1.:::.·,__
ar.d stc~0 swrces and then to test the foasi"'.)ili ty of pro ucing the r ... ::ir..:.r-. 6
fu;-.ds r·::.·o;:1 the local sources.
- 4fiA t ,r.,'.!R.GR!~.~
I
ER ASSO~ I"~ ' "
_ __
�r-~
c:....1. be
is no e •i 'c:::c e t. . · t su e:, f· :i!dS 2 ·c i:.~-:1::. C;r.t.
·, , 2.11
r_...-_1e p:rcS SUTC of
t: e
Vi -:;; ·c
. '[Lr;i
? de _·:..:i. I ·,-:cs fo:- ot:-:.cr urgen t u .. t., cl, u rc' lerr.s
s r
r.:2.\c i t :..:..-.:-0::ison:::b l e ·co 2 s s :..:.;:. • c..:::y l2..::gc scc.. ::. e avai:'.::..'.)ili t ·
o::: ~ ill: s.
Be -
c ause oi i~s heed sta r
assureci o f i t s
.2.:::-e of t:.
wi · s u 1"J l.1.;~. em: w' a
s r.e:c~ -- at
..::unds t .. ,,.-c do beco ..
is r2.i se
l oca ly ::at' .e:.
east in -t ·e ir...11 diat
avai- able b ·:: t . ese f-t:nd
·c:
p r esent t h
bas ic
ft.:tu .. c .
- to a s sistan ce irc~.1 the stc::.te, t>.e people o~ Georgia in !',;ove::-.'.)er l 6'"
app ove~ a c onstitutionc. l r.me
,.en·.: de c_ c.rinJ p1..;.bli c tr2.r s p or-::at i o:: to be an
"ess :atial gove:.-:1.. ental fun c tion
tax tio::: of t. e state
n
o-.:
a p b:.ic purpose for \.,:!:ic:l t~ e nu·:;
ay be exercised ar,d its public f..mcs e:x--pe
.c.e .,, .
Y,-,e
ar;-.en ment also p- ovi ded , how v er, t~ at t:1e S·cate of Geo:rg:ia shaL :-1ct n::-01::. de



-,ore




hai:. 10 percent o-: the t otal cos'.:: of a pub· ic t a_ spo:::-tatio;i sy te:.:,
~::-~ctly or indirectly .
ap:::,rc:,:n·iatio:1 to the
Subsequem:ly, 'cl
etropoli t an At · . ·ca syste
hc:.d been d0·termined a-rid before loc 1 fina.,cing
bee
G ner 1 Ass .. b :.y ;:-. c:.c:e 2.:--.
even bei re ·.:he ·.::o·.::a
cos-.:
or bui ldi. g t· e sy ·::e::. ::_:::
ass;__;_rc .


c:i.· )U:cposes of planning, it is reasonable to 2.ssune t'.at ·.:,:.::: S 2.-::.::: oi


Gcor6 i.'.l. :.ri 1 contrfoute 10 percent of the c~pital costs of ~1 ·crc·::.oli ::::-:
, . .::.~a-.;:u.'s systcr...
_)
It is quite possible, of cours , th:.t t. e le_;::.s .:..:
r:ot c:.A·~·n:ove contributions i:1 -::his "agni·~udc.
On :he othe...
1 ::-...:
•.:i:.l
a::-d, thc::c ::. · : -.- o
-5 HAMMER
OR
ENE . .,;,L ERAG~
._.1.:- ...
_ __
�inar.. c:..al
"J:
.r. . :::g
S . OU ld
ta
C
c!.S
Ai.loc,r.:i'"':, ..:C.:c.1g Lo cal J:.1:.:-j_sdictio.-,s .
of .-.. .~~,
1 -
c pi'. :al costs ··-l.
govern ..vi,·.:s is



e i:1 .:;2.c:· ju:r · s i ctio




t;;e p2;
will be ::-.ac.
and -
Ul
·
2.v.2.ilaole .
bl
,..
G3·::-:;:.·.:1::. ::.r.g
-- S,. Ot.:.:'..d
.. <--. ....
•N
ecicc :):,' vm:e
11:
0::1
·.:::1
o e.::.c' . of t\e
u::. ti
1at ly,
..
CCU!'Se,


1..

r. ·s




.:,,i::::c::.· o:-- not t'. .es
However , a fo:.:-,r.:.:12. :::1..!s t be cievis ed for making a ia::.r
lloc2.tion on t e bas is of 11nic: ···J:.is
e ci ion . ig 1t ce r:1.2.c.e: .
The o j cti ve s 01...:.ld be so far as pos sib e to base
sh.~re
-:::1 p:rop ortio.. of
c..i loca·..:cd
J~t e ..1..
~
., s ·;:
.j
a pr c...::11s e .
be .ef" ts t1 at t
sys ·cer.i wi 11 p~·ovi · e .



. cc:1t::.fy t:-.e ove al - ·i:rids of ben ii s ·.:: .:..t s ·c




ac'
j1...:.:-isC:ic·.:::..on' s
It is . ot
t.o
a s stem mig ,t p::oci ·ce;
·.: 1e
I
·0
··y:::o· :.e.....-. ::.s to C8 ·e:.:o1:i.ne . ow th se b r.e£::.·i::
l'!light be disLibu ed a..11d :-::eas~e ·
trop o ican area .
system , ...s bee , able to defi .e t · ese b
Up to nm·J , no rz.pi' La::sit
efi. ts in a.T'ly precise way on a:i c.. _ez. -
by- arc:a basis .
1." evi·e:ice o
a.:.·c:. is ;;:-...~::.sta.:·able .
_
3S
the over:dl va ue of :r-apid transit to a .. tropolit 2. .
The cos ts of movi g peop:;.e by t:.:-ansit is consic.e..1.c."oly
t;1;:.,1 by exprcssi-,ay .
Reductio, of highway £md s·;:reet traffic th:rnug:
r:,:.·01is::..c.- of t:-ansit facilities saves ti .. e fo-:.:- ::.n ·ivid ,als
e.'1
b si. sses
a.:.d ::.1c2.:1s ::.eavy savings in public c<?sts for maintenance of tra1 spo ta:io.
fr.c.:.::..it.:..c"'.
':..:1


'eu tax values ar


created a!ong r2.pid tra::,sit :;: ig ts - of - ;;:.y
':'orcr.::o, fo:- e: _;nple, approximately two-thirds 0£ t~1e net increase i:1
taxa:..,::..e v&.:..u "'.::.c::s over the past ten years have been created o,. p:-operti s
- 6HAMt.
OREE. C.SI
~R MSGOCIATL.,.
_ __
�Val 1 :::.blc l&.:ci is
t\e locai nouL ~atio~ i s i ,cre~sc
I~ss ned::.
a,
c ::. 0s8 - i, d: s it" , - ~- e i -~ case .
In ·!.o:..-·:: , " ..;e:.. ___ __ e..:..:ic::..c::: cy
cac:: ·u::-:..sdi c::. o .
· er.efi ts .:::nd :::.cv
Setti:-ig 0_c
, i: age-


.:i:: e


j ::i s di c t i on' s s uecifi c
each area, C:i~Ierent pat _onag
t2.X
of t . e
C::.i::
""ffere,
eve
ir,1 acts i ,. tem.s of bo'·h savings and
by a
c:._
es · - ·.: .. e
.
ere '"r
·1.-





~
e efi s, . o•v eve_, is
ren'· '.: rar-s i t mil ages i,1


..n· ~ial costs,


f=
valt: ·s, dirfe r -:-i-·-
ifie e~t
ct s o
can oe ar.;ued t hat each b r:efi t ·.:o c:. ju:-is2ict i on c~
ir..b:.. ::. ity .
The transit syste..
ay ger.e an; large ne ,1 t
b
arc
of= e ·.:
alues a::. ::g
~igh t · - o:.: - rny in the ce tral c i y but a·.: -: .. e s3...-r.e ~ime . a:ze poss:.~::.::: a
ditfusion of e_plo ,. ent c nters
may acc<;L:-ate gr wth i
n
popu~atioc toot e::- areas .
~he syste2
suburban a ·eas but ·t"1is can ere te vast neP C:e:-:i:::.r.cs


fo:- n:..:b :!.::.c services and fa ciEties as we . . l o.s new t a:~ values .


s y s t :n --: ..... tc. ce property off t .e tc:;_x rolls c:s ·,:e·:
A rapid t:-ans::..t
as add tax valu s, a..


..:


c.::r. .) v·.: c:: c .... _ly bli:;ht the n i ghbor ood as i:_e ll as c eate substantial n~; ·
c vi ronr. e:-.. ts .
.:. .,._, · 2 f · ct is t at rapid t:-cansit be:;:efits t e J:i..;~ropoli t ::...'1 :;.., _; i0r.




.s a






u
11:
c l-=- .
c...2'lc ·.:o
fa st - growin
~e~ ion t ~e siz e of Me t=op oli an Atl a . ta , il l
efficieatly wit: out a b a l2,c d t:rc.:r:spor~ation
~o ~
-
.
,.,__ ,1. _..,.
•'-
- 7H A ~~r..
A. O AE E
ti.
l~t R :.o so c 1A.T 1..J
- --
�)
-
,_... ...,


. .....


.L '-
ab-
1
c~
L
w :.ch ~cccss ri:y i_ c~u es rc.ui~ t:.ansi t ) ~ill


his sy ta


,._ a c::..rcuia-.: i on b:.:c::i1-drn:
uno. t .. e eco:::o:-:-,y o:: a par·::.:..cu2.a:::-
~u ::..-i sdic·ic:1
, a:1 s £0 _
serv:.c,c .
_,
tight internal linl· - ges wit _in -.::ie ,.ct:ronoli · an a _ca . ust
cul::.:.-::.y reco
izcd _
as .:. d:.:.·.:,;ct i .port
,:::
The efficien'c o:Jerc.tion or Downto•.·:n A'.:la::na, _o:.- exa;-::?le,
ce to all pa ·cs of ·;:;-..e mc'::ronoli ta..""J. region.
tio:::~ o~ tr. · s ce tral business dist ict ir. o
'_"':. e :::.::1c -
way o:. anothe:r .ave a c::..-i·cical
~c~
be~=--i~g up. every Jajor i, ustrial i:-v SD.an-.: .:..n the e:1.tire :rcJ::.c=,
h-se i . ~ustrial investme. ts in tu:r; su~)~'.)o:r·::: wide _y scatte:re
res· c


)~ff 1 -



1.·::::.,1- invest, ents.


Si;nilar _y but o.,
cc:-:-..::er iz.:
different sca _e, E!"::o...
211c



_,_
_ v rsity,




Con:..;;y Dapot, Pe chtree Industri _ Bc;.ilcvard, Loe~ he G . ircra t, ·,::_e:
·c ic.:-,·::a
t--'.:.1:1:..c::.p2.l Airport, t .e FaYJ11cr' s


-_·.:0~ -


pri
s a~
ark ct, Georgia Tee
institutions' ave regionul sig~:;_fica""l.c
and othe:.-
r'"'.3.j
reg3.rdless o
or
t~ ~r
locat::.o:::s .


 :,:-....-..,id t:.·ans · t syste :1 accentuates

.:Y~C;:-:-:2.::. L:,!~agcs in a


o:
SL..~:
2
yst



1 \·Ji thin




I
2n
etropoli tan a:.·ea .
irlcreases the c ~:::"ici r.c,
A forrau_a to a: ::.ocat e
0~
h.:i .::
the area, ttcre ,..01"'e, must be ·o~sed upon su:---:~
- 8Iii.MM
R
OR!':
.


1 .. 

R
A.::S.J-•




·.:::-:.;;
3 ~ -;
�, ..... ,,.
<-•'-
rcilec::e
in each ju:.·isC:ictio:1 1 s
.:::r"i:ic::.?2.t:.0-r:
.!...
tl:c a:re2. 9
oven:.::.l ccoTlc~i c
\•J i ·;:_::-,_ th sc types of r 12.tive r.c2.·ures, a fair aid eq itc:..bfo ::o:.T.l·..:::.2. ~o:-


112.oc::·.: in:; r:::p:.d -::ransi ·c cos.:s ca:1 be devised.


~:.e b<!.Sic assu."'."tJtio::: ~.,'.,;.St be
-::h:::t ·c.1e -:::..·.:.nsi'.: s ste . will he _:? rr.:::.-e possible ·:::,:e :'.:\.:11
er·:: · re c.rca' s notcr1tial .
wil:'.. b
e2::.i:2..::..or.. o: ·c· . e
The gro1-:'.:. :ind 1.:ell - bei 6 o~ =-2.ch j-:1:risc.::.c·-::::.0:-,
t::~ ces t r:.easure of its s a _e o
t e benefi.·:::s t' ct ·.:he sys ·.:
·:i!
pToduc s.
LJcal Fiscal Cav2.bilities .
As a pc.:::t of t!"tis .::12.lysis of c.::..p::. ta::.
f:..nancfr.g, a cor.,prehensi ve study 1,ias made of ·.: _e fisc:1: pro"'.:>::.c:-as o~ ·.::, c ::.c.::.::..l
govei..11..,e .. ts of
~
etropoli tan At lant:-1.
tc~ ti~i :~Jact of adding the bu de
The pu1.· pose vrn.s to cctc:.·r.,i:i.c ·c.: e po -
o~ t ' e r.c, .1 raDid ·.::-ansi t sys·ce::-. ·co
co~?~ex of ~,ub ;;.c services and faciliti.es 1·:1ich the local g vern.~..},:-;:
car::-y .
al_·e ady
T:·,is fiscal study involved fo:cecas ': s of operati:r.g rever..;__;0.; .::..::- 0:~:::, e•. -
di tu:::-es ::or each local gover. ment, analy · es of capital fund re ui:.·..:::: .:.:-. t




..::d






proj ec'cio::-.s of economic indexes on the b:::.sis of i11hich ·che avai12.bi:.i .:y c.Z
fu::ds fo:.· capital purposes rr.ig:--,t be
s~ima··ed.
T>.is sti.;;cy shoucd that every local gover.i.ment in MetrC>p o::.it.a.7 .' -:::.::r.·;:~
is ~.:v~ y un °8r financial pressure.
Like rr.unicip.:i.l a:i.d urbi:rn coLn·.:y
-9H A f,, l".1 ! R
G fi .. £ N E . S I L
R ;.
~ $
C : , .. T
~
..
_ __
�CJ.pit.:.:.:. 11(;8~5 fYO:i1 existing sct:~"'C CS o:..: J..""2V~I:'.l2 ..
i
-·
~·
1'.
1 2·.,,.,_
·,":-rc~o
f!
.._
1..,,__,i
•
capi -c::_ ::,uci_;e-.:s .
._)
· ~.._, _ (..L.L,_.
., ......,-a
f-c,c.
C-
-
,--r·
~- -.L
l.
0 0
c.. :_·
0 ..
_
·.-io~.
._._ -.s
~r
__
.-
2.T,C.S


i::o:.· r. ··1·1 SC:"/2.CC:S


bo'.·...
oper,··,...,·_0 -• • ._.2:
•
a::d
""'1,--l
~.-
7 .is · s ·.:n.:e d sp::. ~3 op:::.~..istic fo : r:ccas"i:s o:.2 ::utt:'!'c -:: -



.-::er ::.:;c .... t::v:::,.:;::.ditur s :for _c· :..bilita·.:::.o.




t~
c ..
~-C
re·cv loprr:e::-.t as w _:i. as
_v
so:..u~io::- of p~ ssing social p obl ~s .
... t can be as~U!'.1e , 1 o ·:ever, ~b:t ::-.e\1 so~::.-ccs a: --_~cv · ,ue t!i ... 1 :ie ::. .:.c
ne - ds t·
G:C
hav · .::.::. ... e::dy cec!I p _ojecte


 :..-.::-:0 gh ef:.:oi-'..:s ·co get . a


1
ar.d t.,~...-c :i.c ~-- voters Hill C.:.J:r:rrov
out ::..-~:i::.
ocu:i. s""l.::s ·::ax on·::io. fai ed -
r,is o::..·
2-967 Ger,,..._--:_ KSse::,b y, there is
• - 1
.:a.· \ ..__._~
receive favo abl
,:::..t
legis ... utive at~ nt·on in the
o .e of ·c:1e :1ew i:a.·
1c2.su::.-es .
l.:..:( .... :..f ·c:1.at t:1e ., ajor goverrnner:t:s will in 2.ddi·cion have -co increase p _op.:::-·cy
-10Ii A :.1 r.1
0 , G
~ k
E . 1l 1 .. E ;;
A Ci O C C I I, T ,. .,
---
�£
"' C.IJC':J0 .1.


z


·
. , ~ ,-·0.1.-
..,1,. ...
1
c·
•
.t.CC2. ....
1.....:.,--L..._1
ci ":ntl:
~~e
? ~op s :.~ion
~~
r VG7ablc vote
iSSU"S
.
o:: :.:-_. ;:z:_· .ci::g
t.
~t =a ::.d ~r~sit is ess ntia. _,
o. pa_ticipa~·on in
,..,.., r ...
.. , • ..;
1
~, ..:. ..L -
·:::h
broug,.t to
y stc:;i
B.::i.sic P _ emises of r.:,2.lys::.s
'fr.is ri::a::-:cia
2..,a ysi
is c once:..'71ed on::.y
four cc.l;;.·..::.3s o.c Fulto., De:'"lb, Cl::.yto.
_ L
do s not cove_ Cobb Cou, ty
2.•• d
\•!
w::. t l
t.
byte
e 2.r as e:rr..br::c
Gi;i,m t t (i. cuc:.r.g t· e C:.ty o:f
i c: is :iot :;;i:..-es ntly pa=ti c i:::, ....ting
i:-. t:.e .... .?-.':'A progra:i:.
·· ~1::..:..:,rzing t e financial i mpact upo, .
·.:>. e
re pective loca.::. i;cve:-::-_':!2--:.1:s
oi au:.._'-_._:-.::, ·~::.e r<,J.pid transit sy te:n in ~'ctrO)O ita.;7. Ac:12.!'lta
&.:"..
t .. i:.. c::..·) ...c · ·.:ies to· tL,derta ·e the progra ., ·..:' ..r: '-' basi c pre1 is s
1.
i::1 ev.:.:..i.l;__-:::.r.;; 1
, ve




0






n
Thet the =~jor share of t r.e f::.r.anc~al respo::1sibi ity
i, valved in building the sys· e::: uiil be ass·..i..1;ed by
t:.e local govcrni. ents, 11:ith a ·,ii ir.:~m de:?e- cience
upon fi ancial help f::-o., the ol!t:,ide;
--·H Ar:11,J(n,GR~EN
ILl!"R A~Oc:;
~
•• 5
_ __
�'":t1.:!t -'_:he m:.ni .. ~: -~~:.,.....;c·-
.::..:2. ~ . .:) ·.::-.. 2
co:~s\::.~uc·~::. o:i cf
a -c -~::.lc s s~e~ cn;~j:,,.; o~ 2.~_.:..e~::.r.z t~e majo:
-J:."!.:-·~
0£ t"~~ ._;oJ.ls s~·c lo~: :."'~n~
---·:an-- :..-c ::.:1 ·c}:c a:.... ec.;
":': ~t 2 o~i C.J' a:1d. p:.--o.;r~_: i-1il~ ·u~ ::.ciu:1::-.::..u -~h2.·~ ~\·::. ~ . .
p::.:ovid(., fc_ a. e :~·::.;;:1s::.o .. c.,~ -cL.s b;is::.c y tci to
S.2 -;,iles la'.:er if and 1!hc::: 2dC:.:..·;:i0n· l fu:1.C:s be c o~.,,.;
~vail~~ - e f=orn o~ - -oc al sources .
lo a
\·1i -::h a
ap:. c
~he -£ " .2.r:ci d
·- o pred::.ct
-:
g ove:rrur. .. ·::s
\·i::..:
ccr:.::: i
·c:·a::1 it syste i. ::o _ w.. ic' ·ch y wo:...::.
t:...b -- is bot;
,..,:.t'
ace ·racy



-ec:.sonc:.o::.e a:1




t · ense ves to :.,ave ~.ec:.d
p·c:c up the ~z.jor pa::.·t oE
ces a ry .
t is r.ot
ow much Fec.erc:.l no:·.2y : :.:;} ·c b e colile availab::.e,
t:1e st2.·.:e f:..:.nds .'.:re ... i mi ' ed to a f1·actio. o::i:: t::e -.:o:=a::. cost .
t::.ca:i. ·y p::iss::. ::..c t .at t
syst;:;11 c c...i : . d ev.::::-::.-c• a!ly
c r-;:2.i. tics :...s -::.o whc
ovc~, u.
ck.:'.' ·:i:--.!SC
10 - t'
oe
ir s o
sue
u::.·.:kn :..oca lly .
a~e ;; -:::-:::.vsc: :i..-:. -
fu'":ds rr.ig: t be . .__cc avo.i _c:.·.:,!e i~ at
t rcgulatio s
cdera:.. :.:un s c a,, be c
uJ
2.::.::. .


-.o::c -


i·c -::. ed fo_ o,.:..y ·,:,,:o


,:c: t ropo lit a ..


This r:ieans taking so:n..; reasonable assurmtion ab--:.:·.: ·.:h
c1c..·::.'""::,:.:i-::.y o:..· Fecieral and state f, <ls but at t:e sa-ne t i e ass· i 6 -::. :-:..0
cc.;istr...1c·.:io 1
T~.is · s
. . , . s.
u-:
-.:r.~
d
~-:r.?o·.::.e -
It i
.:or by Fed8ra::. ~unds bu~ thei·
pai
c"-.
t he cos'.: of Atla..71·;:.:.:- s Yapid t1· ans::.·c
I'.: would therc~ore seer. i cpe:c ...tive, n


~
-i~


oss::.b:e
t 1 e syst :n t :::-ough a
way in whi c
,e avy local cc::-,:. i"t:ment.
·c:ie operati. g rapid transit s 'St . s .:..n
. ave bee,1 bui l' .
On t.e other ho.nd, the existen c e of
~,..,,- ..,..,,.,,- ' is itself testic:o .y to a clec.:;..· 1~ecog::i·.:ion that n-"w ra-ai ·
,_. _e:.\_. . : P
- .LUo-'-,.. ..
-1 2H i\ ,,1 .. f !'1 . Ci A i E U
. 0 I 1. S A:
A
~
0
~ t
4 ';
~
•
~
�~-
I
o~ 1:!ely
o be b



r.




l.
v
~oc:
_-. .:. ·-
.. . ·-:_.-..-
... .:. a ,..'.. c _c
ro.



. .




Cle.::.;: l y r.,2·.: -
--- . .J
\..I _
·01.1
.. . .
rapici -~ -
.
...,
.
_._ )
i.:r:po s i . l - · ::_ ·::t::::.:i · ::-. .
vas t e c 0:10.::::_c r e s cu __.::.s
~
at




P--!T






giv n -che
e


e ::.:... .:; t.


-,_"Y :' - :..o:.· _
5
... ..: , i
--C::. -
faci lit :. -
.1rea li s tic
'J


night even ·uc.::ly b


·..:, .. :.. ..
... a.c.~ ...v ...
.., ..
basis \lculc invite di s appoint c· -:. C....•
-
_ea iz~l --
~
d would also represcn~
pu'.:,: :. c :·.:::..s al:-c<l.dy put u po
'_"'. --.:::: seco..d p:.· emise
tr 2.n s :..-c
Jad:.. t!


r.:°J_


E;VC
~
ec~:.al
L
·..:'. .:;,·cug •.
-cr~,si
a co... it:::ent
-~f this !::op
C.
~::0::1 ·
ig' pdority '..:::.n:c ·:..
__,proval of t:: . . . _._;.,./1-.
he begin: . .:.:._; ·..:o a f~L--c::.::._
would als o appca:: uot: r3asonab :..e a~d n ......... -~.::ary .


..

-


~e:.s








...vc design d a 30 -mile system ttc.t cove:rs tr.e : ..., ...:.··;: oi t .c


-
:1,;,;::.·0 -


,:io:,s, the hi~i est densi· ies of devclopjr.e. t, : ::id the co_:..1id0:-s of h8 . :::::.2~·::
\10·--"" .. c"i.
"} ......... :}
- .......~ .


r.. :re '._:.e a:·ea


·cc .... . r
Q.
he~<..1-cr:. -
~:-c:1t2tio:1 ,:it:..,_ L .c basi~
~-..:: .
�soutf. ,
on
Cl y·..:v.--: ·---~ G1·:i:--.:-.ctt ~ow, ics .
u . -::il -
. s
2.


.-.:;sL.L: , it would . ot be ::J::' O".Jose~ t ,:::.t



... :.ess e ·ten - · ens .:1::: c :m::dc fror.i


t'.,::.: co:-. -·..::;_·;_:c::.0:1 gets u . c.c:-w y .:.n 1 69 .
-.::o co::.:, :.. ..;:tc
u
·.1
ic
woa
c
into t .
se 01..: l y L g
cc.,. r y t:-.c co:--.s-..: ::uct:.on p _ iod '· roug
ez.::s
l 77.
Tl e t:,::.::cd p::e. ise, wr1ic. re lat s -co ::·u:: :.::·e ex·::>ar.sions of
ad;:it::.o::al :·.0:.1 - lo c al fw
.:.r.c


i: ·..: is p:coj c-ced t o ·cc. 1 ·e


syst
~
LS
s becor::e avc!i:.r.ble, c:::.~ls :foy a flexible ::i..:~u:·.::
is
,.
I,..
L
fut
?e
ecis..:.0~ i::; m .. de to ;:iove ~.cad w· t'
ava:.la:::..lity of
edera
fr,e 30 - ile sys ·e:. 2.ssw. ::.ng i:1::..:r..i;::·..:.r.i



c:r::..l p :-·..::.~ipation, a ot er de ci.s:.on ca:1 be made later to




n:.::.c ""ys·..: ... (w:1ich would p s
0
o to the 52 -
r""pid ·;:.ta: sit lines int:o C:.c!yton ar1c. Gv.1 i:::1e·..:·.:
cour.tic) :.f suifi ci ci.t Fede:.·al fu.nds b co:r.c av.:1ifable to match ex ~---: e
loc2::.. :::.. .. cs.
L&ter, :.:Z and w .e. Cobb Cour. ·.:y C:.eci es '::o partici?ate ::..:: t:,'"



_nog:.·c.;..".. , t::0 C:ecision can be made to go to ·c, e 63 - mile ii·.re - c.o nty sys--.:e:-:




as fert~er iu.~cs
eco~e available.
As no·.:.~d earlier i, th.is report, the 52 -~nile system ,ould c s".:
$!.79,C
.,:,o ar,c \'/Ould ta!-cc 12 yec:.rs
to b;.!ild
w::. th
cC::'."'.)letion sc"hed::..::2
y
- 1~-K A i.1
r.,
!: 1
0 il i;:
ti C: • S I L i: ••
A .:; -,
i; f
~
•
<J
- - -
�:r(;su:. t
--
0~1
ya sl i gl1t
sider.-::s ol ti:c cl os8 - i
of cou~sa, ~o..1ld i . c lud
-'-
-
0 -·
_._;')
L. l .
c ouI,ti ·S, ~-..1:i.to:1 ~d De'.(2.lb .
( ,~- .. -.:;,.; S 2 -~·-. __- .....:=.
~ . "'·
yste~ ,
_ ""Tl_
e-tansio~s ~o -c\d hcsi c -;s t ara wi~ ::.,
~
e ·c.,o c oi..;.n -
I
I.
I
~i cs ::.s wc::.i. ::. 2s e .·tensi ns o· ·.::\:c::::.- d -co ·.:',e s1.:bur - • )
I
I
'_'o .s-:.z:_,:;2.::-i : e t r.e fo::-egoing, t h::.s 2r. a:;.y-is of f i nan ci:;.g 1.-:i :. l b~ co. cemed
I
I
I
b2.sic2. :. ~y wi-:: h t wo :::-ap i d t r i s i~ sys~eres:
'
I
The bG.sic 3O - mile syst · m w.:-,1c.1 1:ill cost $332,000,000,
0
O?er:itc 01 ly in ul ton c::nd D '.(2.:'.) counties, t~:(2 n::. .a
years t o buil , ar.d be finance:c'.. 0::1 the asst....s-r.-·Jtior, of
7!1i . ir,;u , Fede:;_~ ::. and -tc:tc as ·::.s·.:a~ce .
T.c ov"'rall 52 - .1i2.e system 1-lhich 1-- i::.1 c ost $47 ,OOO,OCu ,
c:- t e. d out into Clay·co:1 c::.. c G1,.:. ::ctt co-...:... ties, t2.:z0
· 2 yc2.rs to build, and be u~d rt2.!en b~yon t~c 30 - ~ · 1
systc as more ede:::-a- 1:io,1ey beco..cs available ·.:o
.atch state a.~d local f~~ds .
1
Allocation of Local Costs


'"r.e d.:,~er.:iincction of a f ormul.a


.~:ight be reco;:_. ~nded ::o_ 2._::.cc~·.::.n.;
·c:.c locc..l share of the capital costs of the ~.eti-opoli tru .A:.: k
'::.a :·::.,::..d
t1-.... r.si1: system among the local jurisdic·.:::.0:1s has involved 2. majo_
.;..:r·or · .
v:::.:.·.:.3<.:y
·-2s-::~:..-(::_
.v1cthods used in othc:c rnetropoiitan areas have be..;n studi..:.::.
ot
factors rc:ati g to potential ben1;ii.ts o :'.: r~piC: tra..--:..si ·.:: ·.::o
_;_~::ere:.:.: )arts of the met:::-opolitan area : ave been explore
-15 HAUMEA.Gri
1'15
Sl~iJ:i
t..,.,w.,
,.__ uid~
�2.::


f~c~c --s - -


e : ~ti V3
tive
i ..
C:evelopm
~~ : ative c a1acit
e ... si ty o-£ usc.2g
.., , _
_ ,L.
ncc<:;ssary - - ·co
to
ay ,
er.t i -
&!lG
~cla-
i . p:ict .
e ,.:Jlo1 ~,.-. ·!l-:: -- wo· ld , os t cle2:-ly _e::kc.:: t::.ese bc::.s · c co.. s:..deratio::-.s .
. ·o::.e
or t ·.ese :ractors by its · t wou · ·,rovic.e ·c:1e b si · .cor a fair a:-id ec...:i·"a'o e
cos·.: c._;_s·c:r:..· tio., a.i-:d '--
c
t.
T. se ~11-ce e' n -n-;:s ;_::;.v
allocatio·" forrr.ula .
a-.:i ·c::ce of a::-,y
\JO
,1 d pr "t:dice the fair.: -ss o.,_
the c::.d itio.
being simple r.d rr.casurable by b:isic date:. that can be r adily ob·ca::.r.e
1•.1e 11 cocu:-.!er.tcd and .:mt' e . ticat-::d
_':'we ac:
itional conside::-ations
+" o:;1


1 st be


int _oduced to as u ~
t .e i2.:.._ness
oy getting t.uo se-.:s of figures fo
a :'igure :for the present (usi g 1965 as ··!1e base y a
veri~::.e~) and a projected figure for a rutu:re year.
.1 -
071.e::.
· :-.g future as wel:i. ::is p:-esent pattens ::.r.to ..:.cc-:>.::-.-.:.
T:,is c.:.: be accorr.plishe
fo:r::;cr!sts
a::d
oL.:icial so rces .
a~a cqui-.::y of a Linal allocation fo ,ule utilizing t' ese factors .
L;e ::.::·.1,cr-::::.nce of t
of
o__ 2e::::-i ·.::
fo:.·
e3.cr. e~-::2.:::-:t
·1 ic.. ,L-::::i ca7l o.:::
!na:.,rr:uch as
--............
·- ...........__ _
\,,...
,-
e been made o~ bo·'--h population and e plo '::l~::t :Eo:- -~·:0 y.=-2.:·
10::;3 DY ·;: __ e At lant::i Rcgio::1 , ct:ronoli ·... n
~ann.:ng Co .tnission (in cc;,;:_ -::.:.0~
-leHAMMER
GREtNE
Sl~1;.~ J..S~~:
1,.·~ ..
_ __
�... - .... . . I.;'.
ar.d e:::n::.oy.:,c:::: :Zi::;_::cs ca. oc p:..·oj cc: .::.
juCg8r.: ... :-:t
f .::ctoJ..~s.
.1.0:..·
the
S;:.!T,e
3.Ssigr,i
TI is is
c:)
. ce to c~cl
_...,
o. e
'--··
It was det0r:::::.:-.ed t .::.·.: e::1p _oyme ·.:: s . ou::.c be give.
a.:.:.oc2.:cio.: :Eur:r.u:a .
l'.Y:!_'(;3.tes·..: 1:.r~::.~::·.::
year .
because
·- :r..o t
e~ly ::-ellccts the eco~o~ic st~ ~g~h
v::~::..c~s jurisdictio.s.
- -<J,
act:'..vi·..:y .
ef~- cient
e··pans ion o-!: its eco~o,:1y .


.;..:..-:;...;~·~ cap'--city to


'.'.'!:e p::-01~0~ 1:y -::a



..·::.:sit sy tc;, ,voi.:ld cone f:..·0::-: .. ....




.... .l. .\.,
' "he
area with t. e .cavi s~ a~p:cy-
inance it .
diges·c -- ·C:he c:.ssess c:. value of prop r ... y pu-:: c::: ::
oe .;ivc:: -:::,e ::-.3xt '.ighes -:: ,:0ig~ t (:2).
• ..... · -
acl-,
.• o.:.:,
.l ... ·-
...... ..&.. ....... \,... .... _,,
.... c
-17H ,., ,.~ ,.
f
n
F'l ~ ~
r. t
..1
I • ( R A S $ 0
c
i ... T ~ ;
---
�.
u
p
':.'C1.;1 ·::
oi l'·, ::r: -
v;:..lec .


01is.ula, pop· ::.atio:1 ucu:...d


In t1
'-----.1.
-~ - c::ns::.·.:
of Lansit r:.d-:.:-s .ip •:oi..!::.d probably not c a::::-y
rc:2--~i~ .. sh:p to p pul3.t :. on as pc:trc,;::.ge :.Z:, "
c .s it::..e:s n


1


~ .1
,L
~he tr::::-1s.:..t co __ ido:::- w.:.L ·c
le 1, fol l0\'1:ng,
st.:.t:.s·~:..c::l form i
s:.o·.-m
t>.:..::



,

.






~~
~o~
.;
t~e c ose-i
"1
~~
ore in·ce:i ·
ist:cibuticr:s nr.o:ri.g c.:.c:-_ of
--~--.. ~ yea::- (l 83) .
a present (1965) ar:c - .c.,
J..t,..,.L.L,._v



..llocation fo




~=-cas
ese three bt:;:,::.C fac'·o:::-s a:ce s ·:: fo::.-t. in
te~s o. pc~cc.-:t
cc ...':.,::.:-ics al 1 of -::.· . as
S[:..e
factors
la, v:hich.
·:::.c as., gn
t:. c



'o:.rr




,,...
. ne
~eig' ts beco .. es t~a
s also s:1own ir. ·cer;ns
0.1.
?TO -
·che pe:-cer:ta~c
s. ar~ o~ to-::.al c apita: cost ~- at wou d be al oc tcd to each ·u::.-is~ictic:-i .
- .LSHAMMER
URfCt,E
c:t~n
A,$30.:1 ..
_.,
---
I
�(
(
Tab ] e 1.
ELEi·,Jrl'!TS I N Izr c m1 ;r+: Ll 1] ) COST i [,J GCl•: no~~ Fo·:: . lJ.A FU!z M.1\ !ff/\ C(L',TRUCTlO,i : P[RCE!-ff
lJ IS'J'RlBUllON OF POl'UL1\'i lCL'., fll<Oi ·;i<.'I'~' 'J'AX J1Jl,L:S'f, /\NU 1.;t;;' LUY/,;f-:•i'J', _ 1905 an cl L u3
Popul a tion (1)
Actual-- Pro j cc-:;ced
County
1965
Fulton
De Ka lb
Cl ayton
G1~inn t t
Tot a l
Notes :
57 . g ,
31.1
6.7
5. 1
100 . O~;,
19 8 3
T: ,. Di ge st ( 2)
Acttiii}- P i·o:, ect e d
---nfGS-
50.5 %
6 3 .1 ~o
3 ,1 . 2
9.0
28 . '1
6.3
2.0
-nn::.-.;- 56 . l ~
31. 7
7.8
4 . t1
5. 6
1OO . O~o
100 . 0 1
Enn l orr,;cnt (3 )
/\ct ual
Pr o j c ctcd
106s
-- T0"f33 -
P1~_oscd
All ocation
Formula
78. %
72. 6 ~o
1 c; _3
'1 • ]
19. 2
5. 3
.:, . 9
]. 8
2.9
3 .3
66. 7%
74. 1
100. O"~
Rc l at j vc 1·;cigh 'Ls V!;Ul i n ~:r:ri ving at f urlf,~1 lr are shO\. 1 i11. prircn-;.,hc s_.s ,
Both 1965 2ncl 1983 figures arc 1:cightE-d "'cco::.. ,ti n[,J y . The p rop8: i.y 'L ax
d i ges t s 1:crc put on a co!112rab Jc bas i s f or c~c:h j uri sdiction (loos" of
rnarke i': v2.l uc ) .
- 10 -
�so· rc.::s.
All o:'.: ·.:::-.e ::. -::2.
sibiL.-~: · lor t11" ::i,;;.._ s rcs ·cs s ::.ely i.:i-::: -::'.1c cons l"c,rn-::.
Ir: '-- .,_ ocating the costs
cnti rely 1·:i .


.r:


th
2.ie
0~
bou .d -'- ics o: ~u.l :0:1 c...-:ci D :'alb coun ·.:: ies , it ,:oulc seer:1
i
e:iso~:i".; le
1..0
limi'.:: t c locul
spa. sib::. :'..i ty ::or
this syst ::-. to -::· .ese t ·.;o
,,I
I
jt::;:·1
dic'cions .
As soon as t e
.cull le ..,:.::: o:'.:" 52 :n· 1es, t .
-cisio::i. is n .:!de to extenC: ·.:he


,·s·.::c::i to i·.:s


pa::.·"Cici:::,a·.::ion of Cayto:1 an' Gwi . :1ctt c::,;.:.'1t:. s
wou=.d. be ass , cd and pr stu~ab ly i:h ·y 1.10u=.d b' .:isked to pay ·che s:-1a::c
tot:.:.::. syste;,1 c21lec. for in t e for:nula s;.o·.r:,
of t ,
r,c.ble 1, ir.c::t.:cin; ·c:-,~:
~l
p;:.:.··.:s o:f t::.c 30 - :nile basic syst ·.. v.'.'lc.se cc~·,s '.::!' c-cion
p:·o
. _,
\Jo· - '-
~ay before tteir ~in2ncial i volve~ent.
':1 .c bre~/ dow11 of fina. cial responsibii.ity between Fulton
cc,c.:. · es
~~c~o~
1
cor:nectio
ell'.·
C-..:: ·c.::i
with the 30 - r.1ile be.sic systen, bas
set forth in Table 1, woul
be ~s foi:owi:
Fulton County
D 'alb County
100.0%
HA.MMt:~ . GRtEtlE
Oli.~;:t:.$S0;.,,7.->
__
I
�.. ,._
ii 6 ur2s '.:: h~.·.:selv-.;s .


.. velJr


0 :1 ·..:::.~
0-:


s roo:-:-:


L. • •
o,in_:_o .. c1bout tl-_e
On bale." e, :10·.:c\1e::· , ·c::c.: fo:.:aul· '.'iOUl
.:!:~pear ·co GE:
o,~si s of i ll :.cse ::cb .
patro~~;e :.. 2vc!s us d by
"ilfe~cn: ju i srii ctio~


r.ent p:-ospec·.:s


2.::.0
g t ransit
r::.
0 •
t - o:: - ,-:.:i.y
elemen~s ::. s ! i ·ely -::o be hig· ly specui ~tiv8 .
a:
t~e
po:er.tia l
D
•
,-1
,
la . '- uCVC
•
_ Q') -
.:sur ~e , t oft. c


t~~ , it


A- tc r c on si dcrin~
\!as detc ::. ., ir.ed t . ;..t a sim le _ a d more -.:si::.y cloct.:..11c t.e
s t of rr.e .:.su:·c;:-,er:ts
would be no~c s.:i.-::i s fa c tory .
Financin~ -::he Bnsic Sy.Len
/.,_3 r..:. ...-c2.-...y
oted, the
0 - , ile :)asic sy -::e .. pi-onoscd 2.s the :-:1i::1i:.'~~
co, str-1ction. :)ror;rZJn fo-:::- Mctropo~i.ta:1 Atlanta v:ou::.d cost an csti .. ::i-.::c
$33:::,G8G , OCO -co build .
The full capital cost of -chis systerr. must co!i:2 :: _o-:-:
p-:::-c-;:~_-.:.::.c -!:. ·:·.ds -- that is, fun s not generated fr-om
r· pid -~~nsit system itself .
as note
t:
ope cit i o:'. o:: :::..;
earlier in ·c'1is
~c.r·:..y yca:..·s, t, c funds generated by the fa.re box ,._..ould not b,:;
. 1d._.:..~ .. :r:..c::.ng even ·
s .. all part of the b~sic co.pi t.::d cost .
C3.?2.°c ~2
c:.:-
Th ,. Ko;.;L..


i..:


s·.:o;: .. _.:.-.c '.:o ,.. .::i.,taL and i:·.1prove ·c:.e ~J-.y.:;ical syst ,J .
- 21HAM
~,I
UA[f
ES
l~~
A:iSti:
�i
I
-..-. r,.,.- .; ,.:
.i..(.,,..). J ..L.U.
s ·st . . ,: ::.s -:o ::1&'.ze
et
.._ _...,,. - - .: .,4
1,,, J,.~.1,.,J_
1,.,
S')Cci:Z::.c


.:-cce::.ve


u.t of
priatic:1.
ye.::.:::- to -n:rov::. c:e .'
·cio, Viill ;,ave to :rcc:.ch -:.:he level o~ a.t least ~S0J,000,000 pe
any s;.:')s·ca.r,~iG.l assistance to t e c:.t::..cs a .C: ,. ___,t:.o;)Olitan


.,i..:i::.-:.i:'.g o


ex:_)anci::.:1g t· eir rr.ass t:ra. si·c s;ster.1s.
tr. ;::.:
J.TCJ.S
2.T
The ::.n:cs ; se fisc::.l
nrcssu::-es cau ~e d by the Viet ~w,1 •.,:etr 2.nd ot. ei- .eavy de iands upon t·-:0 ?cccrai
t:.:-02.su:.ry, :-.oi;cve:;,_·, has r sul Led in a deferral of any prog:!.·a.T.,i:1g c:c t;.is
=t
I.



.s




r.opcfully antici;iated that func.s made availab::.e by Co;;.;::.·ess
lor 1.ass tr.::.nspo:rtation for the two fiscal yea::.·s beginnin
extc:-,c.:..:.; tirou 6r. June 30, 1970, would ue
y1;,;::..:·.
~
, ::.95S, 2:.c.
J._.::.y
c range of $200, 00,00, o~
Pros?ects appear fairly optir.. ::..stic at t; is stage .
l..> ...:-,g ·c:-.is '-stima·.:0 it m~ght :::oc:.sonably be assw;-ied that l--:. ~"· ...:oulc :.,,:.
,:,c.:;:.tiOj:
~o request ar.d receive
as $25,000,000 p r :·ec.:.· ::. • ·:::-..c
-22k
tt
M M E P. . 0 R E E ,i f: . S I l
R
S,,,
C
~
., ;
1
7 E


.'.J


-
�bec1: give~ in the rn o.nti~e :::.~
a basic 55J, ::;C,,000 in ·ede::::-2.l f
·::.~S



-.i~::_·,: . e




a i:".::.·-::.:-:-.L:.~ .
CCiUI'.teC. OT! 2.S
to assu:-,1e,
co;_:::.·s
al ::.o'::::'.c;: ts - '
. r.e
cs :-crr:ai::., i::
nrcse:--:c ::. ·vc
if Vi ·::: , '2.m o _


...nd i 70 i i seal ycc._ s.



.s


not unrco.son~blc
of a 1,,..,:..·opr· :.::.:io:1s fo:.· :uss tr;..nspo:.·t2.·::.ion '.'i 11 co:: i ,ue.
l:!:e .:. .. ·::c:."T.c.t.:..o .. c:.l si tu:i:tic.
clc :.·s 1.::::,, t· c:..·2 could be a sharp i::1c::-ec.s"" ir!
r.
~or~, ~heTC is pro~a ly li~"C
an
r.
_,_
"ii:t
c::c.T:cc t:::!'.: cu :.·e .-c levels of app:-opr::.c.tio:'
'cc.ere ::.s a goo
c'.-:a..7cc t 1at large out lJ.ys n ig. t beco.
oi 'c:.ese consider~tions, it would :::.ppear reaso, ·01.e to :::.:·.--::.ci -
.Ja·ce -c..:.t a:.: ::.02.st a..,other $50, OJO, 0C0 .. ig, '.: be obtai,,ed fro;n !-'eder:::.l
~
~:.·c.:..s lo-..· r,~:CA 1 s basic 30- .i~c syste.~;.
As a conscrvJ.tive O.:!Jpro:::.ch, t:.-
c.v~L~cili'.:1 cf .,;·oo,000,000 in Fed-.;::.-al ::unds ,.,ight be tc..ea :::.s
~c143.215.248.55
£isc~l plar~~ing.
'.:'.1is wou~d nrovicle co,.si<ler""):y :ess
-cr.et:.cc..:.. ',:,;;0-·.:hi cs o~ tot&l cos';: that t _(; Fedcra
govermr:ent r::ig;_-;:: t,3
.... x_:,t;.._,·.__"ci ·co p:;:-ovic3, bt:t it would be a subs ·: :antial con ·::r·but1.c:1.
upon th~ local area,
T::o2: .:1S;..:.:y
a realistic oc.sis ro::
5
--.-.....,-:.• --
.. J .... C-1,.--
0
-__. ...;-
n t.
M
r.; .:
1t •
oheE
· t:
o
1
~
E: R ,. ...... C:
c
1 "-
r _ ...
_ __
�! s c:.l::.·ca 'y note
·-: ~n


.c


-, i.;:..·ce.: ·c


ro::i:ri::n:ec. a st:..-:: o- $500,GCJ as


o::
3.
t .c cost o ·
~


occ:.1.


contr::..bution 2.~c::.. nst
-'h
L ••
or . t4T T .
Th· si..:'..)se-_~c . t avaiiabili ·y of '.:' .e s"C.:,.te mo:1ey, o_ c ou se, r2--cs -:-,tire -
ly wit143.215.248.55


.~;islatL:_e .


eas ~=ble to axp ct, ho~cvc _ , th~t
. ,. to con-.::::-ioute
·c.. e
o~ l-1c·... :..·c:?
b
It rnigh: be
·::.·::a..
·che vc.::e:..·.s.
AtlQP.ta's rapi
T. e u:recise
VJ
--L.1..\,.:;
h ~
,.,.est
full 10 pc:::-ce:rt
t:::::.··t syste: ... .:.: a .. d ii.en it
cn:n·o\·cc
1
y · . i·. r:iich d:.c ·c s:a· e funds might be :.:e:.d.,,
c .a::.r:-2ls o..:: sc;ne existing m.• ·.::hor :..ty, or ::..n ~art
'1:::ot.:g
st_ong


. .....-ids lor ·cransit righ·cs - o:Z- way


o::
onatio:1
the
ubl:c sc~t: -
m :-.t be .i:-.c. :..-~~Jid transit in Atla ta should assure -:}:e s-cate' s r.,axi;-r.u::: pa:-":.:i.Ci"')i:.t i c :1.
t,,a·c as .::.zc:c
For purposes of fisc:il p la:-i .i:1,e , t~ercforc:, it
ig:1.-c be a.,:.s-,..;.::-.... ~
s ~:53,000,000 will be rr.adc avai:;1blc against t·1c ·co·.: . .
c .... n c:c-... cos·.: of the 30-1.ilc basic syster., in ~2·cropolite1n Atla:1 a .
·""":-_G ::,c ~:. s:.c:..::..~c of t~ .e basic syste::i \~~' l
.:...:--.. c.
,
..
e :...ppro. i r.i ately ~19· ,000 ,::
dis~~ibution of capital costs b; sources would be
s foll ~ s:
- 24 HAM
E A "'"""" ' ,.
1 L .. R t\O J
I~ -
-
1
�... rr.... , L.:.1
Po_ ce:-.t


.


l/=-~=;cJ~;; , . . v
Locd
Sta-;:.e
-~ e::'a_
59_9;



.0.0



J.l


··J,CCG_-JO
~JC,OOC, 200
.,;:=,3:?,oo-,o.:,o
~
· --.,
1:.._-..-.e ,ts o:.: $25,000 , 008 . e·c: ..
.I . . . ...... .._ _
a~so b


he sta~e ' s co~~Tibu~io~



.: c, stn.:ct::.or: .


~ng overt~~ 9 - yea
I;: -c c ca
1;.;
--~
o::
. ........ r'.


FeGe ... 2.l :.: \:.:.d ·, of cci.lrs.,, ·..... c: pat-c:.e:..--:-, of c.:.v::.i::.abili'.:y :-:iay be c:..i£:fer ··:. ·::. Lc::i


__ ·s:1::.:-,ce of Local 60:ids .
avai · ab::.e
Loe~::. ::u.'1cs •.,ould be ::-.~'
·... ::.:!
i..




om o: bo::..:.s i ·su~d as a:pproprL:.te ·.::o n: .:::·c "" ·· :,i:·oj ec-ced d:tm·1ciow:1 sc}::::dt::::.e






oi
0:-,_;·.::_Lct·o:1 cos'.:s set up by t: e en~inec:.·s.
p:rovided
act t. ese :..cc.:l bonds :::ighL. be of two :·.:. ds -- bo:1ds issu2
i::.-.:e:.·e:s·... , c:;--.d ge e _al oblig tio:1 'GO) b~-r.cs issue
tr.
by
l
'
t::-2:
~~ ..
r,':'.
by ,.'.. TT _; i·.:sL::..:.:·
loc : :. -rove :..·.1: .. -:-.~s
i::- o~-r-1 bo;;di g capac::.-ties ;1ith the proceeds turn d ave:· -.::c,


!.ur.1p fo::;:.:.


··--- ---\- .-.
.1
..,,,-,
... __
!.. ..
.,,v· ...
•'- -
9
-
C
..J
In either cas0, t .e f..:.~cs i:ould be :.:1:.1de avai::..c.~:.....; -.:o
-nts with the
acc.:~
~ota::
f
eac. gove:..·nm r.t,




.oc:1- e,":):;_igat.:.ons tr.at mi~;(-21: be stipc 2-ted,






t.
~
.d other t-:::::.-:-:-:s
- 25 ~
A ~1 .i f R .
~
?. :
L
~ :
S , L ,. 11
,\
oJ
» :
...
..
~ .;
---
�,,...
.- -:. c. ~ :
...,- -.._._..,_.._.
~-8-_~.:·_-_ "i: :z·~--c..:





.sc2.l










.nvol •;c ~.. z..--:.- / :.:c!C"CCl'S • .c~t:.Ci::z




s-.: atus
......, v--... .__,
act · l a . o:..: .·,:s
stc::.:e a~d
d ·')· ssi'o:..0 Vc!1.·i a:cio. s in t ' c


.·;:·.-.'cm.-:-.


o_ ::.oca::. oo:--.


.:\.1.: d




1..; ,.:;




s r lat d to fr,:::d avc.::.: c!bi...:..~- :.::-:..·c::1 o-d,e _
as fc!!o:s for
~~e
p
ec· ed 30-
i:..~
OUTCeS
C&...
0
S
._
j~s::.c syste .:
- '.:: 6;; A ,., M
e R a ,.
~
t f
~
I LE"
.. " .. .:. ::: ; ""
·1
�';·blc
7
,,cy
Dl. .. ~.,r,~UV" \ ' • ~
•ar,
I
(cu. ...:~ . )
("'
,I
,.. .....
$ ::,'"{
- _, >J 'J
>:)70


- i:


-
.)
.
• 0. 7,
I
0
-
II
-.
2S
s::;
25
C. .
'j_t, 7
5(
,
)
v.:..-



,.)




176
so
207
l97S
-
10~
('
y
25
~r-3
2 8
_,.,....
....
50
30
9
320


.. 77


$100
5-'.:> -.-
10
~33
!/ Pre:i~ina=y s~ cdu:c cf ~ceds for !a~ci
nu:· chase a;-1d cc:,s·cr c '. :io. es·.:::i.b:;.ish · d
by t~c cr. 1 ine rs .
2/ ~L!'.... T TCVc::1U · Jo:1cs s;_:::,por-.:ed oy locr.l
gove:. ......;r:.: ur.c....:::: ::::. t::.:-.z o-z: S3 .. e.:·al oo iig::c.-c::.on bonds o~ locc..::. ,;v:.:::.:.·...:2r:.: -
issued for _.,.__~
_·.:: ...
·i:::c:...,s:..: p:.irposes .
no-:: d that t c ab ove sc· .ecu::.e o':. ft.:,d c:1.va:'.. iabi:L.y, c:.s -:ir<2:::.::-.::-. ..::-
set forth, does not dire ctly ma·~ t.
sc:,e ule of fu:1d :1ee :s .
s:..;;-.:-;_y because both sets of figu:-cs are ;1..-:.ccs::::-:·:.:y ter:~:::.-.::.ve
30th · Ii L. be al tercd in the course of ·c:'..;1.e .
'.\.:.s is
a.,c
?- · E: .. ::.,. .:::.·:,r.
T.• e: dcve o;:i,.:e.:t o:: su ' -- ::.
.r~li~ir.~ry t~ole is neccss~~Y,
s:o::s of ·.:he fin~ncial i!c1pact of ~·1:. '.'A o:1cr:1tions t::?on t:1e locJ.l gov ~r;:.::-:::-.t;;.
Bor:<..! 1.ss1..;.es
-··
~
as needed .
.: .• e
~:: c ·: e
"!:!3./



ie mo:..--e ::.ss:..2s of s:na::. ler s:..zes o:::- ::0·.-·a:r iss1..:~s o




_:.r_;G:· s:. :.cs
-27t-.t.t.,~::R.oa
er,,:; . _ .. ,.. .. _ .. _.,;.~. ;, _ __
I
�lccc:.::.
'.: ::.::.:-.:.s
fo::..·
0
. -.-....- .... "-
-.,
.,_:1
iall
\,....
local
1.. ..... ....:
It :...s
~cnts) ~c~lJ be 3J - yc~~ :.ss~~s .
?le-..:.,,1,;- oi prop2rt' ta.· levies to sup::;,:;::..··.: ·c: c obl i gat.:.on, it is c.r.-::::..-=:ip
bo::.:: - ·.:o...;_
c2rry c.
t. a .
' ::.rcccy b
... -..~
~- -
a ...,
'•
\.... \.....,.., .,::> 1,,.,..1..
·or._'.Jly
'.) C
o;,..·
u--,
~- s: O'.i
_.._ '
~-.: ,,,., an
oca:.. g 'Jc:-:1..--:-..:::--; s .
of p0r., p.:; o:-:e-' ,alf of one pe:.·cer:··
rea -
assw . ci .
'";}~.:: anl
J.CV1;:l
e ci
co - 0
rapi
. ' -~~---:s:. t bo;1ds iSS;.!Cd
a lC.:.
i;i Tz.;J le 3 on t .c fo:.1c1..'i.~~ p~..3e .
g ar:mtecd
r..:-.u o,.e - ··. l
ca ry::..ng
or p yrr.e .·::
~'-
C. l..
--l...i......... ,., ::. ccc. l
Revc:!;.;e 00:-.d
~
.
~
. :;y
C ri,
,.
..1..->~- ...... \..-
y loc~l. gove:.."7! . e .t co .-;:r::.ci:s '-~-



.




pe cent in tzr st :-at
tr r.sit purpos s by
.,._ -
~
t. .... \,,,,
local govc
.L.
ents are sh~·:·:::
-.:ou_ ne:rcen t .
rlJ..1".1MER
f.E~
r..
G:t . ~
J.; ... _~ ...
....
___.
�._ I
.
T:-:olc 3 .
I
-
,. ~
, ,~r~r.~·--:..J ~
•
._. •::, ..._ L
_._, -..J~
...:
/,'f _~ \., '\"'~\
Pri71c:.,: :..
.'i~.0'c..::t
GJ
Issu.:::
Of 3c::-,o.s
} 96~
1970
~2 S, 000,CCJ
'_':)7~
35 , 000,00v
$ 1,7:S,OOJ
' _, (., ~·3, 000


.. , B:25 ,OvO


-, , ::.vO, v()O
1 715,00G
. -1- ,
-!-,3CJ,GJO


..073


197..;.
-o,GJ0,8JO
1975
197'
50,000,00J
3J,OOO,OOO
9 , 000,00G
1973
7,546,COO
3,0::,0,000
7,725,000
l:'..,37S,OOO


'..3,:'..38,000


7 ,26i;,OOG
10,6 L!-,000
12,3~7,00G


.2 ,97. ,000


l2,l~G7,000
12, .07,000
13,i'S::-,000


.3,ldS,000


1979
13,_.:;s,coo
1980
1981


2,575,0CO

_2,209,000



.. 2,G99,000


1982
Li 6 , 0 CJ
16, co J
.·, 1


!.1,8(4,000


11,505 , CC,'.)
E, ~-04 , 000
(T·:.on level p;:y::ie·.1·..:" t:.n t i l


-,.els ~:.... e ::.. . ti 0L)


]:_/ A.7.orti z ation (_;:cir.ci:Ja:. a~:d interest) cha:tg s
of all 01.:tstand::.ng :.,~:,Cs for :::-2.pid tra.nsi ·..:
u::1ce r ·..: e t.;o <--:.. t-)r:: ·.:::. ve 1.1et .ods of fi;ian c ing 1A ··r. ' capi ·.:.:il co::: ts .
I t is noted
1
l (
?
-....,1.J-.
at t . e . . . re u;:;.l cost o-.Z servicing ·· ese bo~ds d:.·o?.,, o~-.Z
77 (~ e d;: c o f t e l·s~ iss ·e) a~
':'~,is ::.s because a 20 perc0"t sin ,ir.g fund _cserve is DTov:.-.:...::t.. :: _
ov2r -. : he ~irst five year s of



.ss:..c




decli1.es to a level ::::::o.... nt
e~~
issuE:, u,d at
l. · "'
end of five y2~~s
c&:r:r.:. e s a level payme ·c to r.atu. i ty .




,~. .y-:: ..:.n-::s a:-e :-;;a c in ·ci:






fi r st five ye~;.·s of e::ch issue,
-c:..:. .. ::;c-iod ::.s actually 29 instead o:i.: 30 years .


ss2


,_ .,
21'.
t::e a..:o ·c.:.::. -
T' e level :?;:y:::-:!::-..::s ~=·::.;;:.·


c1.
!c co. :i::1ue through 1997 at which t::.~e ·t y wou1·


_9t,9 is..;_3 is ret i red an
so on u, til :.i.11 i?sues ~re paid off .
- 29 HAM1.tEA
GRE:.P'. ~
.. 1tz;;,


...,_c~ , ;.·.


�.__......
':).
.. ..
,.. - -~-.-:'\.; '-


.n t~i.s 2r,aly -


-a. l
upon F :;_ -con :_:.:.d 0c'.:'alb c o· ,·:::ie s , t·:2.-::: . .= 1 yto::1 ::.::d
Gw i:n:.::.·.: t -:: !' i ng up ·ch i
s '.- ::r e o-3
·::t.e c os ·.:
o .. l y i:.: t .
s y s te:";1 i s e. ·-.:a::C:.e
..i 2.e - •
, t h e f a cts
At::..:::-.·.:a c.rea
e~u::. ::. ly c lea~ tat
as - a ::louri s· :;,r,g a-:-:d c -pa:-. - ··J e c onc ..y ca·:nb l e 0£ s ..:~.:.?o:--::::... g
~ocal ·.:x payers o
a,.d
~~c
-;:' e \ ·: .01e ai-
..::cv::.. ce chr.·-ges - - i nc0ed the a~g:.egatc
.:..:x. lor.c. c a:-rie
"oy loc .:.::. ·.:::.
'c 1.....:, t2. is c9 . h •.;::::b :!.y les
major " etropol::.tan areas .
. ·,v :::::..·c,po::.
~,..,_e demand
· tan Atlanta grows l arger, bu~ ir.c o::ic
a:,
a-.: '-- cor:::-11 ns :rate rate .


.o..:i..~ ~::.seal ?·


ospects
lc...,al gover·nrr.cn
fir,ance
-3C -
~he Aetr0pol::..t"n
. '-'--...
.,._ ... ":l""il".·,...
\.,
.....
�of
-- ... , ~- ...
.... u .............. .....
...
~
'-·. C.
,..... 1
..__ .........
,. . . ~-- ..::.t-.;.J.. .
\.,.1,. _
_;i
.....
(T
b
.::o:.::.:---~S .
,,,...
JOJ.:c._ ·~i~l
l ',1 •
c:.c -
doct::r:o,. ·..:.)
In ~ict-'-opoli t.:..




.j o::






c:.rea's
ge;ic::,:a::.:.. · :. .:.~::"r b ~caus.:; ::>0·;:·
"-'
s rvices
c.YC
se vice c
the ,uo.li·..:y ;::r.d c;_u~nti ty of local
ts a ... e
ubi.ic
_c;,..:·ly suuc:r or .
T:-.~ ::· nc:ncial problcr:-s of · e C::..ty of At:;intc. are partict:" arly ~cute .


_
;crtic. al i::1c-:.:-e2se in -_~-" ,me f:-o:-. cxisd.n~ sou_ces ,,:ive r su::.t


di::ficu· ti s .



0~1e·.rcr.





.-;
l2.nta is not unli ·e o·cher .1a30:- .:::ities ::.n this r .;arc,


':"ne S".li::.1 -over o:Z ·)0·0ul2.t~o::1 a. d industry into outl.yir:~ 2.rcc:~,
tre g:.cm-:::..:~g o· so:cscencc of parts o:: the cent:ca
core, the ir:.creasec:. co .. .::,2·-
ol -..:·.e ccr:tral c::..ty activity an
fo:::: a 1 ve::. o::
.,_:.: ---'"'~:..i"t::y sc:;.·v:.ce: .:::01; :r.ensurate uit .. big ci·cy sta··us have
11
.e
C , • [ n


.. S :


.1
., .
-.)
_N
A M .,1 _ A
G~
N .c.


.::


~
i:::no:;.·-
�1
.
...
--- J


.. ...


.



,&.::.: ......... ,




~c·.....r_ ·.:y - '.-1:. ~c
' CV " '.":UCS.
3~out : .
~
class j)U"Ji.
~eed fo
C


-uture tax i:-.cr-::...s c.:S ~:.C: . .;;u sou::;:-c,.; · o~ "":.·av .. u,.; · -- ::::.rs


sc_vic s


md G•.-1inr.e·-t fa ce t e


~·
to be p~ o·.ri c-... .
r
5 i;,e
1. in2: ci:1:'..
g::.·owin~ subu-;..·ban co·c... ·~i s i1
ot
'
.1 .('........
C~;:.y~o.
c:.lrea y ru'-'"\ - ·t .-.T,....... _,.- +-'-
s ·-:1at h~--
~r~~3L..:'
c,i
ou·c~yi::_; ~o~::.-~ic
~
~:...~ge ~e~ro~olitan areas .
I: is a fact of si ple arit::r:-.c·.::ic
~: . e Lcca::.
prir.,c.rily t"!-1.e property ta. ) or con:p :..c-.: 2:;.y ,
8'.J
in the years ah ad .
u~iquc si·cuatio,.
This is by :10 Leans
e natio:1 races,



i.




so-..i1·ccs of
2venu,.:; o_ .:,j·~--



.:s ..:::i.cec:., o:.:- \·Jill :iz.c




t :C.c s:,...-::0
f.!.~:..~ci~: ~rob::.c·ns .
E.:::0::.··.: s ·co get a sc:.fos tax for loc<.!l 3ov,:;1-:u:ie:1ts in Georgi::.. f ilec
i.:.:st sess:0:1 of the Gener 1 Assc~b!y tu: ~:.e~~ w:11 conti n a to b3
~
~s::..3-
state's cities
-32ii
~


'rl M \; i\


0 Fl
t
E r. L .., I l
~
i-
J.
~


..., ::


... 1'
..
_ __
�/
loc;..~ sit·
.....
.
1..- .... ~
..... _,.,
is b;
'- • •
-i ~:::,
~-,
~,.
..: ,,._
~a~~dly incraas~ g its,
i:-: ...:~.. e



. oa





.LC


is
lea:.- ly


10 -c


locnl govc :r.:ci1t
c~~
clen
y a ·fo:..·u
J
-33,1 ;.
L,
t~ .,;
Gh £
t ,.
S I LE
H
A
~
.:; 0 .:
~
" '_. .)..
C G:7.C
..... , ot:,e::.· :-::a~ o::.· u:·ba:-: ce . .-.: C;::-s .
otl .:rs .
servi ces, t~~;
. . . ... ~--
c apo.c :. ty ·co :::,::..,
seyv~ c cs;
co:r.pc:.re.:! .::: . ·.::: ·c:. e ta
,
.. 1.\..,.
.~
•
�/
Rclia:-:cc-
I/
_or


i - ·ccc:.....c:.~-·cio


~.





r,1:·.e ?Y0}_lC:." t 4' r t~X is :l_::...)D.~/ c.!"/ail::.:..',.J.,3 3.S 2. SOL!TC ~ .


·o ;;..c.dition:d 1.eg::.sls:cio, 1·:ol!.:.d. be _co_-;..::.r(o·d to tc:-".l


~ \.- fo-:."' ra id -~ ransi ·_ f:_~~:-1cit1~~.
1. ·- cui te
?8Ssibi2 tha~ the loc~: ;ovcrncc:-:ts wi:l sue eeci
i::. l.:lci r cf-for
·co ge·c ..:..C.di tio!.~l sou:.. . ---~s c·:... . ..3vc::ue in L.:-:0 d3.ys a:-:~a - - a sa!es -~a:'°; a. pa Yoll
·:::..;.., 3- _ ir.co::-:8 t.:.· o :..· so~:1.::: ot'.:2:r .1e1i -ol!::..·cc -- b·c1t
t~e p_ o pects at t'.e : -.. ::..:::r." c:.:.·e S? >culat.:. ve n; ·c· .e



-:-=:-.:: fo:r a clefir:i'ce x.:. :12.1 cia pl:::-: ::o·· rapid t::2.n _·c



.:.s irrj. e ia te .


1
2.
_,:oreov~ , i :c ~ -·:l sou ces ol 1... ~,.t.:::-1u..; a:..--e .::iS. ~e i'.l\'cli l ;;.c:'..e to · - e local iovc:.·::-.::.c .·cs, ·c!1" :,roce <ls will be
r:ced2d for ot;:1.,r r,.ii-poses _ui t:; ,s::_)C.l"t fro!!! r pid
~-~nsit -- c -~~<led cur_e~~ oo~r~~ions
oi t, e
-
.,'.)vcr11i-re:1ts ar.· o:: t!'le sc,,ool sys-cc:ns . As alr ady
~-:oted, st~dies de;;1or..s·c:..·a·l: the :!C:<.::d ::or new ourc s
of revcr:l!c whetn r or r.o·· p::op,L ·cy ta.· :.:c:.tcs ~Ye


.· i.,.::d =oi- Yapid transi\:: or o'.:: er pruposo


':'.::; p:.·or,<..:rty tax is aot un;:.1,1ly bur e: so ..c on local
tz.::p&.Je:.·s in Ae-::_o?olitar•.4:~L:.r.ca. Indc-d 1::_~ vi ~ence is clear -chat t~e loca: ?TO~crty t~x could b
.;ubstc:.ntially raised c:...C: stii2. be: safely wit: .in t' .e
r...,:.::..·gin of reasonableness an
econo::iic feasibi:i.i ty .
7:1e goverr_-::c::1ts of :at:.::opol::c- :-: . tl nta i. tLe
c:.gzre 6 a·cc have one 0£ t· <.: loi 'C;St c_fcc·ti.ve ~ - _ s 0:1
1,ropc::ty of any local govc::-r~r::c_1ts in r.iaj o_ !lcet::opo i tan ::::::-eas i:1. the United S ·ates. Local ta:·pQ.yers pay
considerably less on t, eir pr perty thc..n taxpayer
i·1 :::cajor areas e se1v:1crc. In s:10:r-c, there is excess
capacity in this lbcal r0venLc s · rec at the pres t
~in:c .
-34H , ~.t M
Fi
Oh E E HE
$ I -
? S A S S .J ,;
.., "" - ..
�3.
.·:"'i · p.,;..J~-l~.:-:.:s :~~:t'-~
.
.
.
.
i...:n..-~ ~-: con·~:.. i2c·c ·. . l:.:.Cl~ :· :.:·--·~c ·c. .. 3 \!U.L!:c·_...... -:.= - · s oona
·is . .,. •I.:' ,....., •• c::·'-L. Ov ..J....,:..S....,\,;1 ~-?.J._
,. -- ...__ ...... . . .- . . . t......L..L
......; -:.:--C ...... .:; l ' " ( e -. . ~LC
, .· ...
0
'·:~2.i1:s ·t =.ocJ.:. ?:._"o _jC:..·.,..:; :.1:- c~;.~ .-._\~~'~. · ·uc~1C:.s ::.:."'·::: :-:o
f.1-:--1(: a r [... r c..... ::cc~·y::;_:)~~ ,....::.. . 1~~-..: ':::1C:~-:. o:7fcrc<l =ur
saL . Bo1 . COt,:-is2:.. <-~_:-._;(. ·::: __ ._ ·C::i- :plcc;:: o:E ....
?~ }Crty ta:-: j_:3 1.ry :.s \,..j:::ie;~·-::..:_.::~ co a.:;sc.:.. . c ·he ~::-ope:!'
!~2.·pkct r.zc8~J io::1 o~ .,~~ . e..;G b~ .:~s c:::: ~ r.:J; cy - 2.·;in;,
~~tercst
G ncr l o~~.:. :::.~io~ ~o~~s ·ssucd ~y


..ocal


o:Z coi..::.-sc,
~
j
-
L,..
-'
,.-,
..
,..
-.
.. h ~ J
j __ _ _ ..........
1.-
=-t .
0



. vies .




.IOU2.
.' 2.1 loc:::.::. :;ove _1n cnts i::i :<c:·:::::0:10:i.i-::c... Atla 1·.:2. h2. re
gv . . - bo~-:. TJ.t:..ngs based ll_JOl7. ·.:::.~ St:."Or.. ..~·L: of t:lC
co::or:,y 3 .cl sou,:d ::.:.sc::::.l r.:an, •.~c:nent . Su::po t.::: oy
a S? ·cifi c milla~e ~a~e on p:opcrty, new bonds


..ss· 2d :i:o: · c.::,id Lr:: ,:;::. ·~ s· .c.L! .:::r: ·oy favoi·.::.blc


r.. .ir'·ct c:cc pt2_ncc wr..:.c __ c~n :.·vsul in savi ..gs of
'.:housancs c: . •d even :. ill::.o. s o~~ doilc..rs in int r es
o, :r ·::he p ~riod of lo.1:;-tc:c.:: :.:i::12.ncing .
addition~! obliga~i0n of
fo:.- t:.:~.-c
·,Yc.:"")OS
•
u~~
~--iting t.e ca:1ita
NE:w sou_ ccs of re c:-.1.:e ::..re .c -c.ed
tra~ i~. as al~cady indicated .
o:
1vi th out :-:::.:1::..~
ere w.:.ll al3o j~ pressures fo~ adci:tior::::.:..
i:!'lcrcases wit: out rapid "!:rc:ns · t.
~~co;~
...;·1e .
cosc of
.:act r . a::.ns,
~~?i . ~~ansit -- it is, as ~otcd, an available -oLrc




.nd o~...;






u:tt a·~:~ionai capacities to produce.
d0c:sion, of course, is th~ ·peop c 's.
Tne lai·: estab:is'.i::_.,
system clearly states
fir.ar.ci::.;
Ht..MM!:R
C,-E(h~
Sll1;.;;
".)~-1
..
,.
.:,
_
�.
of
.
(...1,_; ._(; _ _i _ _
..,.(;
/
not ....L. -.1 ...\..:-,.
lOC:'.. ;..
govcr:1:,:1..-1,'.::
T1c ~cccss::..ty OL
x;ioL.1.1 . . ~ or ~-;.ou:-its :i. :vol
~s :ighly ~csir;:_ble bec~u e i ~
rc.ises i s
-;:~---.e :_Jeoplc
_,..,
__
.J,.~....., _
tr2. s it v i · - a - vis ot,~:- types of p~olic
ques ·.::::..o.. ::-:.ight b "
~a:.


c·vi ce


c.;C: as :o
not t te
I n ge~er~: . ~ost
with li~it cd abil i ty to pay.
a:..-
·.: a:..:e




-e:.;ress::..ve excent th






cc.:-ef-.;11 1 graC:uated i .come tax a.1c. th::..
so~:-co is not l::..'· ~y to beco~e avai!~bie lo:- rapid tra. si L fina. ci::g ::..n
,· ... ,.·r,r,
.·--1-~--,.,
L c..1-,. L._. -•·
L ,-.; . ar .t:utur-C: ,
.1.
1·,1-.i..·-:-1--_
I
_ ._
•...··.
e pro~---c·,·i·
on o ·._ -.-·r,,e
$2,000 .o... ·s ·,-·e~--
e.·0::-._:.rt::.0n, (.{le obvio:.:.s corr el tio . bet ·:03:: L,con:
and prope:.·ty v2.. :.:es
(inc_~~in[ rentals) and the hit . p:-o?or~io:1 ol all property taxes ~a:.c ~y


-.0:-.:-es:.c.


0:-,
properties, t '.:
property
is considerably less regr s
ir.C:bii-~ls tha:i ,.ost forms of levy.
':::':-.e :;::,oi.:1t about Mctropo:1 t~n
tlar.t& s relatively lo ·1 property tz...·
n 1964 - 65, ~ctropo:::..t::
cu:-cie~ c.t Lhe pr se,t time should be strc~scd .
Atl-~ta ra~ked 33rd out of the 38 :argcst :.c~ropolita1 u~2as int: e ~c.~ic::
Cc..:iita :-ever:· e to local govc:r:irnents fr o,. p::..·ope_ ty soi...:::-ces.
only 7tJ, pe...cc:nt as_ g:.·eat as the meciiaD ~or all
a:..·,_ ...,.





.::.::-. _:_j_









?:..\'.J:_'.)erty revenue as a perce t of revenue from loca::. s0c.:-ccs


(:;:c
s.:....:.::.:-ces was low r i:-, :-.:etropol::.tan Atl:ntz. than t:--ie ove::..:-..!l
__
HI.
1,i
r.1


!


R. U
E. E !1 E. :'.;
i
L i :.i ;.. J
~
..
.j , ~ ":' c
E:
-
�- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - -
- - - --- -








143.215.248.55 16:51, 29 December 2017 (EST)o~o!.:t:...~ ~=c~
(..ccti2.r.)
,.' '~ ...· c~:ui ·c ~ ::.-cvcnucs
~o :o - ~! govc143.215.248.55cnts
143.215.248.55 16:51, 29 December 2017 (EST) Jro~crty sources
? ~o?~~ty ~~; ·nee cs
..J...::-(:
-·:1:
of rC! 1.r~::.t:c
J ~o?e~~y ~e ·c~ce a
t of 143.215.248.55 16:51, 29 December 2017 (EST)UC
=::0r:: 11 sot...r .:: cs
)f~Ce,
l
!/
Al: loc&l govc~~r::e~-cs in Metropolit~.
Atlan·.:a co:;-1bi,-. c.
~i . ~ncing rapi · transit t1rough the ,=opcrty -cax would involve a
stra.:.;;. tfo::.:-ward set o:.. operations.
cont:::.i.cts with K.;.RT
of op~ ... 2.·~ir:g
'fr,e :ccal gov::::r:-11T,e::ts
1,
·o...il
c
'CC.:'.:
under 1.:hich , 1A, " / i:ocld agree to perform t:1e ..:-:.::-.c·c:...::-. -


tJ.pi<l transit system anc ·.:.,c govcn...r.e:nts woul


o::,2.:. £;.... ·.:e
t\1e:s:s0!v ·S "CO c.ndcrwrite t C capital cos·.::s 0:i: t'.c .:1yStcm U ,der Spec:_;:.::_;;,::
con~it:ons a:::, si:cc::.ficd ccilinJS.
f.:r,:...,1c:.n,;; ,_·o-..!.LC. be the issua. c
o
As ~h·o.::.dy described, one .. e'.:: .oc. 0-f
gen.cr:11 o'oligation bo:-ic.s by
__ c':c:::.--r,~.--.-.::s v:i th the paymen'c of the p::oc.::eds ·co ~11
.::.utJ--. rity,
h0 ice:. ...
S'....!C ••
oo:: ... -


..,e~.--; sup::,0::-·c,.:d oy property t:ix lev_es \11."chin the const::. ti.Jn2.! li::::.-: ..... ·.:::.c .. s


es-c~":):::..s::c:.L'. fo:- such bonds.
Th;; . . . i tcr::ative w::thod 1,10u:ci b
·.:he kvy o.:
�..,,.)
.:..ssJ...:J


.:.t..·:.:::o:.:ity lo:: t:-.c



. .s rccogni::.l,.


, o~r
of
,.., .... -..
.; r_
C .__.,_
L ...._
co--:rs . ,
...
\.,..J
Ful t cn
cepencab~c anc icst - g::o~ing r-v n~e source
a:::e
~~c
"
-
Fulton Cot.:.n-.::y . c:.s jc1s'.:: cc ..pl tcd the :..· eevalu.:ttion of :.ts
r..ss...:ss:..E;_-_·c rolls to .: e8t ti is Tequirc:ne:,t, 1:::..t~ ::m
r..djilst~c~t int: c tax rate (mil:~ge ruteJ.
acco::::?:::1ying c.o•..;:-:.,;ar,.
De~~lb County has m~ce ~o


J.~Just :.~:,t as yet and has aC:vi:,cd '- r..t such c:.n a justmer.t n::1y 1:o·c oc


~ecess~~y i~asmuch as assess~c:1ts are a:=eady fairly close to :~c
c...:~: lcve: . (Some estimates indic~te
~t~~
~~
pc~-
=c.'alb Co~~ty's c:.ssess=~~:


.:_ v.:ls a::-::: closer to 3(.l pe..::-ce:-.t of r.:.cr··e:·~ v:1-~e 'ch;..n ~O p -:!·cent 2.::-.-.i so::-..


u.O',!


-c'. c.djustmcnt may subseqacn·c :y b..: r.-:::cesscTy, wi ·::· . a!I u::;·.,c.:-~ [.". 1..s 1..Both Clayton &~d Gwi~ ,ctt counties al:-e=dy c=~~y


,_ ss --.;s: .. 1.,:: i..~ c.t the 40 pcrc..:mt h ,vel .
-38-
�Fi
~,.... r - _...,. ,_.
............... -·



, .. s::..c




-I
su;:;s:q:.ieL::
... 1
.. .
r""\
~
•7• 1 1
·xtc.1sio . i . . ..1r.c.8:. . t:. .:o . , i·c is reco~~cn~(;' ttat
1
.... ~ ..... .J.



ys·ce
i:; ·__ c,;_lu oe




llo -: atc<l
It is possib-
beer: give
'.e "i:\:o
8t·.;e2..
that
2.:1
cm.1r.'cy govc:;:nmcnts .. c..s a:. :..· cs. ·y
.:.l-:::crnc.:ivc ::orr.1:.iia migtt O(; cc:-.side:·cd
ti _t wou· cl bre.1.· ot.:t tie Ci y of .'u:lar.·co. as a s
DC.
o:..~
.:.te ·urisdi
f~~:..~ci~~ purJoses, but it ~ould · ~nec.r core r~asona~le top oc~~- on-~
c t..:·.::y _,:_.s2.s.
T':-c
~
.:.pid ··ransi·:: syste:.: clc:.:cly 1.-1i 11 8.··cend bey.:·:-...:
its ·;plico.t · or.s w·11 be f l t ove:..· a·
bo-..i darics an
si:ed, of course, that residents of the CiTy
it s .. oL_S.: be
a ...
2
.._
o res · --.ent s of both -ulto . rn
t~ei~ nrc1ortionate share o
D :·alb counties and t:1ey
co· ::1ty levic .
l ~:l~~T
h'OL.:G
p.:-..y
Uncer a sys~e8 oi
the county property ·::ax, ·che ::.a::-ge co:n.rne:::-cial


n~~al!Q.tion3 in the City o


At!an:a wo~:d carry a najo~ share o= t~a
ovc:rall ou::.·(~cn .
.\s , __ :;:-i..;_.<ly r:otcd,



t




is o.ss1.... .. cJ tl,_
costs on t!.e 30 - !l
tLe local sL· r., of ::i:::..:~>S,
sys:e2 would be $19~,vC , oo-:: ,
- 3:) -
�,-
-,--
--- --
~
~,
~.I·--~-- -
ur.dcr
t\·:o ..c-:::hoc' s of :!:ir.a.i1Cir:z:
s: .:::;;
or
c·,)::..--.:.::::.1
riosts
?:....::. to::1 County ·
J ...,:(c:.lJ Cou_ ty
A;
Ol'
t Of
C~:)itc. l Co -:::s
Vri1:cipc.l)
73 . St
26.S
,' l4-6, 2C, OCO
lJ0.0%
$ F9, 000 ,000
I.
s:2,7::;s,000


=;ove::::-.::·,c, ts.


Tr.is analysi
,·::. __
I
I
cov r ~~rce alternative ~rogr~ras


mthor.:. ty J.::::.sed


fi~~ncing oft e system t~=o~gh t, e
t:·)0;1
pay:ncr,ts
.r:••
J_
.L
, ••
t.:-.e loc::.::.
gov0rr.:::;.;r:·.:s :Eo~ bone. aii'.or-cization, ·c. "' is~ua:::.ce of ge.-ieYal o';)lig2.tio::1 bc:::ds
o1
t:·. · .;ovc:..·:;-.:;-_-.;;-_ts therr.selve- wi tr p:-oceeds ?a::.d over ,-co





..xe~ sys'.:er:1 in whic:1 both methods mig .t








,-. .~
~~::r:' ,



.T.




a
c c, ployed .
30:1ds by ~:AR7A
'The ;;10thod of co ·. :racting be ..Hee;,_ ·,:he local_ gover::--w1e::1:s :::.:-.-:: '.<..\:":'A tc



r..·oc.u.cc:




fun<is with which t:1e: authority can ;:wet annual carr •::..:-1.; cha::; "'-S c::


.-cs ca')ita::. bo:;-,


issues involves a s·c:raight:Zo:.'·wa:..·d procedure .
To e=::cc·.:-u2.-:3
t:1is ::_:;::.a.n, vote::-s \lOuld be as,·ed to au',:horize -::he levying of tue ::1ecc ·ss::.·'
-;::2._·
(:-.::..:!.I&.,;.::~ :;co:;.t::;;s with ceilings 2.s -::o bot::-. rates and the -::ota :.. "'-•··" _,_::,,
·.::o be r"":.s -d .
No local bon3 c;::.:::i2.ci -::ies
l
ould be involved ::..na.,,:::i.:..::::
H f, W. 1,1 I: A . 0 fl E E ,, i , C I l ( H A S "' 0 .; I " "' i .:.
---
�,...,
cs ·.:r.c iJon...:s ·.. o:...:;.d be issu:::
·-·-- ......
---·-
~
ble 5 .



'\.,_




--'-'
--
Ii":)IC, TSD r'OU:- 1'::'Y S'L~.Ri:..:. OF ;,t~.~r1·~ 30~D
.:i.:.-. .~Li:
1
SYSTE\
aol2.a:..· s)
=:i1(:ic~ ::~d S::.~-:-0



ic,'(::l b




F:..-1 tot.:
Co;i: ·cy
1969
1970
197:!.
1972
1973
197"
1975
1976
s
.:::ct::1:'.:y
,'
1,3°H
..
ry
-
9,0.:,1
,
,:;
4,330
,380
8,030
7,725
11,375
13,138
13,795
13,::.35
-
.L, ..:..Q.,1,.
2,123
2 ,0-'.-7
3,014
5,678
8,361
9,656
977
$ :,B25
_...,
1, ?.::
434
l.? l~ . .
3,2:i.9
3, 2::.9
5' 02



.978




Cost
~8'-!
y
1 ..
l > .::,L,~
10,139
Tota.:
,nnual
3 .,~-82
3,656
3 ,'-'19{;
, ..1..::, , .... 5
3, 49-.9,691
... 0.SO
3,332



.2 ,575




9.2~3
235
1981
8,974
3


!.2,209


1982
S,893
3,206


2,0


(These level 2.r.nual p3.yr.:ents to the co::1 p::.e·ce retirement of bonci issues begi:-,r.ing
in 1997).
1979
- •l-1H ,". r,i M E h
Gh
t ,_ E
~
I • .:. -.
J. ..
~ v
.;
"" , •
�1
•
'. .'C:J.1-G
r:ul ".:0,1
1 < o9
1070
197:'..
1972
1 73
1974
1975
1976
1077
1 78
! 79
1980
198:
1982
1983
.7
.7


.6


1.5
2.6


2 . 4

5 . 3


3 .6
3 .6
3.2
3 .0
2.7
~.5
2.4
2.2
........ - . ,
,
.JC
_, ...... .I..
-
.,'
D8:2.lb
,
. 4
. .,.
,1
.9
.9
1.5
1. 3
1. 8
1.9
- .9
i. 7
1.6
i .4
1. 2
.
.,j4
1
•
.L
1.1
I-c is possible i.J.nd it would be c.esir<lb:i.e to resc, dule
·c.,1..,S(;
.:.0vi...cs
to ,J-·ov:i.clc. ,ore subst::u t.i.a.:. pa)'11'(;, ts i. the earlier ye rs and lo·.·2r pz.:· :.::·,.ts dtir.:.n2
a~ ~ltc~~-t·v
t'.,c peak years bctwe1,;;": 197:5 ;..nd .:.97S .
It is r C0::'2.c·;;.(ce,i -~; .c...
sc. cdule of taxes ~i ht be conside~ d, ~- ich
~o~:~ 143.215.248.552
-42-H A M l',1 ; H
GR : ( N
S : • ER
A 3 .:; ._ ,:


..


¥
~



.




�' .....
J. C
ii:...ng
£ol:.o·,:.:c: .
bo::c.
!-:owcve ,
,,.,-e; _. :_ save
CJ . Ol.:..1
t of
.10 •
of ~is:_ni l and va:ues i::
y =- -
The pea"-- y z..r
ei: ::o:ri::: bclm-. i . ':.'able 6 .
1
, ·ould oc subs·.:,:mtiJ.lly reduc d u ,c>::.· t>.i
- I
.sc::cd·..ile &n
-~o.: .T~~ts


 : e pea, · :..~1::c-.: ;.:-;on


locc.::. :~:_:i::ycrs would be co-rros:_:)ondingly lc-s.
~cc~.:,1:::x;_,E'.) c:o:..;y:y :JA:~.=- 'TS
'i'~bl.e 6 .


'.~TES,


~ ..
'.:(':'_\ i:.8XD :' ;_;~"~ .t
~:illage Rai:8S
F..:l to:1
Cou::1:y


..909


~.::~ J
l
7 ' -
1S72
197.S
-
~.::,
- .::,
2 .0
2.0
2.5
Dc::z.:.. o
County



. . 0





.. .0


l ,489
5,698
6 ,0:!.5
7,629
8 ,06Ll8, 526
9,033
9,570
8,459
8,973
8,893
S, 93
2,054


..S16


3 .0
19-:'7
-_ :J,O
."
3.0
1.4
l.v
1. 6
, ·'
..L. v
. o·,


-:i .0


1.6
3.0
2.5
2.5
1. 3
-.
?
~
$1,081
1,15S
1,367
4,324
3.0
~ ~~2
$ ?- , 7sc·•
u.:>
2,925
De . ~a.lb
Co:11:·c '
4,098
1975
.:.903
~'11 ~~0:1
Co~:1:y
l.. l
~-4
-? . ::,-


.;vo


Lella:: A,,,ounts (000)
1 • ..,.
' _
J..
1974
~., I -:J
..\XD :,:ILLAG:::
·:--:.·rv::::s
l.S
•
?
l.~
.)
1.::.
2.2
1.1
2,169
2,751
2,907
3, 0 7 .~
3,257
3,453
3,0:o
3,235
3,206
3,206
c::·.cse level ::::-.m. . a..t. pay:::c::·::.::
tot: e co~ple-.:e ret::.~c~e::~ o~
bo::d issues bcginhi~ 0 i~ l~ 7~
_,
- -;.j tt~ ..'iMER.GAEEl\E.:: , 1. . n ;..ss:JCI
......
�_ di\,-.·_.- 'u· :··
~
1. ....,
• l .... _
--
""'"Y_.,.. (., 1t 11
l . o· · 0,- ·
.~
-L1..- .. .i...J...,..
-t~:.iction, ··
·,IJ
V.-
ow
"" ..
~
. . .. V..J
..,_
i;· .~i.:2.·;: or, Coun~y \•1oul ·
.~O--Sc..


i2' ·


c .. 11
co . p~.rc:..bl8 p1·0!!.:.::ty oh· .. cr in oc;Co.l' Cou . t y wo:.! :
ly y0 . J · .'.lssu.
mo. ·.· c
i......
r of a ~20,000
.)S . 00
01
-
v:::..1.---.~,


.J.S


1
g t u.t
s s:o~n,
8'..::c!::.b 's :-:,:cc c.ssc · -..1c, t is a::..so t,O pe::ce::,t of
I . ·;: 1.,_
in :?u ton) .
t .c average
pay
'10;:,e





o-:
c.::s
nea'., ·cax ir:;pz..ct ( ~975 - 7, J,
o ·m ·• i:-. 8c.ch co,mty wou ld stil:'.. tc
st,
·he following sc .ed l · :
De:'alb
. '.a.·imun raillc:.ge
needed for ~--~ T
bond financing
3.0
Yc::.:..·s of maxi nu:.
-. ..,:
1.6
197S- 7
1 75 - 79
A..'1nual co s·c of
r.1axi1au ,l r,1i.ll ge ·.:o
owner of home wi ·.:h
r.iar<et v alue of :
~15,000
..,20,000
,_.12 . 00
~:.8 . 00
$ 9 . 60
~25,000
~24 . 00
l2 . 0



n Cna"?.·t II, later, the i ..pact or tn.s~




r::::.. _ lage :..·ates upo.
z. wic.c.:·
.
v:::-opcrty owi crs is sho·.v:1 cc:,.pared Hi·c.1 t he si. 1,..:::- :.!:"."J.::c-~



-:ip::.-... ·.:ra:1..;i t fina'"lci;ig under al tern ti vc systec.s .




Cor."'-r.e_ c ial c:., d i:1 ,..:::,-
total b::.. __ _
~riz..2. p:-opc:-ties, of c ours , would pay~ !&rge pc. t of
TJ;-_-\:;r ·c::c: schedule of paym :its
t forth ~:)ave, most r.oi::e o;-n:eTs i:-!. ::-~:. ·.: - __
Cc,a:-.-.:y Wc-uld pay substc..ntially less fr.a:: ~:::e - tcn·.:h of
L~r~et
v~~
e of their property £or
t~~
-
p.:;~ce. ·..:
0:10
cc~~t~uction o_ ~.e
....- ........-.
-.
.......
.
.... J.. ......
.;
-
·-
....
- 44 hAMMi:R
OR::
NE
.J,l-..~A.J~,;:


.•::i


�ye:..:·,
cl .•
·-
C "-3. ..
.-.2 ..... __
.:.:J


.-.0




'::.:1c.I1c.:..·, by GO Bo;cC::s




co;:: e:1·.::i or.al
l 'Vi e· c~:..::.:1st as sesse
c0:::s ·c::.1:.:·.::i0 ...,.l lioita"Cior
·:::~re would be



i.nc. ::)




-:·:.:o
cos·.:.
u..
L.
ODV .:.ous
advar.t2._,c to ·.::::c
cou .ti~s in meeting the counties
.• er.ts, u.:·.;.:.11.y carry a lm·.r
3ond cvUJ s 1
ctho
·l:.c cs a ccili::i.g uuon tht: ~r.o...: .. -:: o= GG bo .. ds
c:
·_~;,cse bon s , based upo
1
-::h
oi GO oo·.-:ds cy :'.'Jl tcr-
USC
oblig::..t::o s for 1!A. '; ' - cc:""J::i.:al
~ull fai ·_:: and c:redi t o:: · occ:._
-=-
,~:·:-:. -
i terest rate ~ha~ bonds is u d by s~~c:~ stir::c1tes · ·c;
r2.t'. er than the ~~RTA channels
s:.:.vings £rori
be as
as
c:.\..,
-.,.,;;_·c._,,,t o .. t'.c ir:teres'c ch3.rgc, uh::.ch c0u:!.a . ..)O.n a saving o= :.s ~- :..:: ..
. :s,~uO,GOJ ove~ t! e ycaTs on -::he projcc1:cc ::.s~ 1 es of $199,000 . '




o






30-Y--=-:·
oonds are esL.::1atcd -~o ·1ave: :: pote .'.::ial .:.nte~es
ra-c.e c:::
=c· _.
co ... Jared "i th a foer ar..d one - h::.lf percent e t::.--:-.3.te for
iss:..:c
J
•
H A f ! f..l
R
O n _ .. N 1.:
J
1 •
~


.


,.
" ...
~.;:,
---
1 •
�t.18
'- . i..
.,,.,..,,_
.....


r


•. • 1,.., 1,,.,.,v
,.,..._ _i
ot!-:c.1. :Lnd,
C"
,.:1,/,...-..• ,. ._ ,.. --~c
c..- . LL_J.d.1,,,,., ..J
r r
.___.__,
...;<.-L
,.L.
·::..v b c~::J."'". . ,sc..._ u:J (...__;2-:_~s·t: ·..::·_3 Oc!:.L ~a:-J(;.C~ ..~:...:..; Jl
._;_~: . govc:--1:ri12:1.-c _ T\~s .s::.::-,):..:,, ... ca:·~s (...::.~-.: r0- J · C "~:.. . ~::s:.:. · :c:..:.~c..
··: i..:11..- ,._~\'0
1
OL: co:r.:)c·c i:--:J di r ec::ly ·_.;_~·.:>. s·c---:: ""::s, sci·:oo!s, :::,a::.·>::;, \,~'c e:-,
S w~C - ~~ci 0 ~~ 8~ p~j! · c .~o2s ~O~ C~~it~ i I ~CS,
c:
• ...,
.,_,.
_.,, r
-~.:.~s a ·c -~:1~ ~.1. csc~-..-t ti1·:~e:, Jo-~.: ~-.:!.\re J.c:, l.o;
r~-.j~ ~ ~~--OU:ttS of C:.":~::city ~V~i~.::.~le ::or :_. . ~}i
·c::-~!1S:_'- \;~::_::_ ;:o~
j~ 1143.215.248.558
~noug~ . 0 COV0T :
,0
~~
.....
.1 _
.... ..__
- ·-
..... ._J
.
)TOjCC~2
L..._s....:Lss~ · 1::: :c:.~.
_·c .. Ol.:..n. b~ d::.r~icult t SC.! wC:u::.e ·c' .8 is s1.:a:-:: e o:: GO bc:-.d.,, ·t.o
the Tccui"'" e:-r.8nts o:E t} e 1~ ----~-' d:-a·,.·down chedule.



 :·.:nsi t bon · nc c! · ·..:ou~-- !13.VS ·co '.)c co:,s::.c.e::.·~J as p~:-t of




1:..... g~r pL:Jl ic is ·1:es ccrJeYin ...~ ~ v~::~i~:y o::' the:-- l ca ~ go·:~T:.. ,c. t nee s . 7! c:·...; is a:, un e::3tand:::ble re:uc;;a::1cc o:: ov":.· .. ~c t - ~-d~ s :o ~o to tl c uco~1~ wit~ p ~oposa: s ~or CJ bo:::
iss· cs ·coo f r cqu · ·· ly .
2.



-l0ct




0
_,:~ + -- .
.,;._- t.... ~-....,
C:::..-ce wi l app,:ov GO bond iss;;.es :.:or apid t:-::ns it . _:-: _:.g .:·.:
oI the size of _api<.. trc:i1sit :.· ec.uircn :.ts, it would::::,-:: _c...



. .. possib l e to r.:eec: al! o: '.:i -:.S..: nee.is fr. ou.:l:




s i ng2. .:;J ".Jc::-.:
issue , ad thi s 1\·01..ld requi e s..10seque ·c vo'·es oy tr..e -"-.!o::;·c f::,r
1.-:" .ic:~ no pri or
c o::uni t . ent could be :-:;.ade
the K:U T co:-:c:,.·_c·.:.
~'..
~~A GOCS
,ot, of COt.YSC, : av-::
O:vT:.
~!J:..e to levy i ts own t ax 01 property wi·.:·1i:-. thc Tc..)id ·c::-c.isit ciis·.::.·ic-.:, :.:s
~or:c. isst.·s wold
1~v
t,
c st tus of. GO bonds .
~=-e iss~-d, they wust be i s s ues o
'
.'"\.::,
·- CJ


.ocally,


S:....:-. L·J.:-:c::..s c o for t. e B..:y Arca Rapid T::-ar.s::.. t Syste.i .


)O:::c.::;


the loc~l govcrr.m-;-:t.
a.lreacl.y r:otcd, there is not in prospect~ s 1fi::.2i nt bo~-i:::;
.·"uli:o:-, c.nd Je.' al'.) c ounties to .. zct th3 full :.·e u1re::-.en·cs
o::
....
~
\... 1..-
...
~
,-
,.. ... ~-
-- -
t.:2sJ ~'---·::.s -
·~io .. s
.s·c ~.:.:.i.. •. l un sei1 CJ.~~ci ti



,




...............1
be.:
1-::c\:
S,
hOi·/c:\'1;;.1.' ,
..,
....
-'-
l
p~rt
3St
or
t~~
·.._ -1 ....
- ~.
...
\.,_
.
. . . . . . . . .:::,
.1.ro~.1 ti1is sourc-. - -.. :;H
~ 1,1


t.~


R
J " ... h :
., . • • ·"'
• ., S ... ;


. • • ..,


•'....
I..,
\..
�"
...
.l. ....
1-::: · c:1
cc:J
c:. t:,r
. ~-
O "\f
~
lO yec..:..s
.,.
$3G,
' -·,, .. , i ·1 rr
1.,.1,..;._ --:
0
is lles
a.s $60,C"0,0C0
c, _
dd
.:L~l:> County h::.s unuscC:: bon.diI,g ca:)c.city oi c.'.)out $30,000,JCC
c..,, _ _ ..
1ar.::i..:.al::.y is i:-:c:rcc:s.:.,1g by c::.bo1.,:t $2,500,C0C, 1·.>,:;.(..;_ would acd a..10·:::1.c _ $25,CJG,
o·,er
Do:alb also h~s
the near £utuJ.·\:;.
-r~'--
. - ..... -.........v.- " c- ........
- ...... --....
~
-
J_
.i ••
is
·0:-1.c - :-.c:.._:: :,.e c...:.:,.__,t that ~:..\}TA wou::.d .ccd ~~G:.:. this co~,-::y.
cou:cts, ri.11.:.r.:;; o::: casL.s now beio:-e
Georgia nust :..,o
0;1
..... ,e
J.sscss;;:cnt ::olls c..--.: .:CJ
- --
tc.te cons1:.:::.~~1:i~:::.
, ....--
·:, .....
-
... ~ _..1 _Jvi_.:,.,
,..
-· .....



. .,~ :.c ...




... _.._.,1,.J..._ ....
• ,J
t~e bond.:::.ng caJacitics
as .~ceting othe_



eecs .




-~-71-i ,.. ••• :•. .. " . (j
nE



t1 ... 5 I l C ri




,.. .., ... C .;
I
....
7 :
�ii
ii
.!
')
,)
•, I
' )
u
(
)
t, )
(:
~
,l :
·r i
I
()
Jl
\
l )
d
,:
'1
d
., I
(.)
L~



-,




'0
f..{
1:
(j
•, I
')
<.,)
IJ)
I~
0
~





j
(')
t )
0
.r~


i


'D
f-<


j


0
0
<:
I
., J
()
· ,i
<)
0
.'~
(J
';
l!
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1



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,-~
r~
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4-;
! '
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,0
C)
0




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(j
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cl
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